Language Acquisition: Knowledge Representation and Processing PDF
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Language Acquisition: Knowledge Representation and Processing Related journals English for Specific Purposes Editors: T. Dudley-Evans, L. Hamp-Lyons, P. Master Journal of Pragmatics Editor: J.L. Mey Language & Communication Editors: Roy Harris and Talbot Taylor Language Sciences Editor: Nigel Love Lingua Editors: John Anderson and Neil Smith Neuropsychologia Editor: S.D. Iversen Speech Communication Editor-in-Chief: C. Sorin System Editor: Norman Davies Trends in Cognitive Sciences Editor: Peter Collins Free specimen copies of journals available on request Related Rook Series Language & Communication Library Series editor: Roy Harris Current Research in the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface Series editors: K.M. Jaszczolt and R. Turner Advances in Psychology Series editor: G.E. Stelmach For more information on all titles in linguistics and related fields, go to the Elsevier Science website at: http://www.elsevier.nl or http://www.elsevier.com Language Acquisition: knowledge Representation and Processing Antonella Sorace Caroline Hey cock Richard Shillcock Editors University of Edinburgh 1999 North-Holland Amsterdam - Lausanne - New York - Oxford - Shannon - Singapore - Tokyo ELSEVIER SCIENCE Ltd The Boulevard, Langford Lane Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. This work and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by Elsevier Science Ltd, and the following terms and conditions apply to its use: Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier Science Rights & Permissions Department, PO Box 800, Oxford OX5 IDX, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: [email protected]. You may also contact Rights & Permissions directly through Elsevier's home page (http://www.elsevier.nl), selecting first 'Customer Support', then 'General Information', then 'Permissions Query Form'. In the USA, users may clear permissions and make payments through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; phone: (978) 7508400, fax: (978) 7504744, and in the UK through the Copyright Licensing Agency Rapid Clearance Service (CLARCS), 90 Tottenham Court Road, London WIPOLP, UK; phone: (+44) 171 436 5931; fax: (+44) 171 4363986. Other countries may have a local reprographic rights agency for payments. Derivative Works Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the publisher is required for resale or distribution of such material outside the institution. Permission of the publisher is required for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. Electronic Storage or Usage Permission of the publisher is required to store or use electronically any material contained in this work, including any chapter or part of a chapter. Contact the publisher at the address indicated. Except as outlined above, no part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Address permissions requests to: Elsevier Science Rights & Permissions Department, at the mail, fax and e-mail addresses noted above. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. First edition 1999 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record from the British Library has been applied for. Library of Congress Catalog1ng-1n-Pub11cat1on Data Language acquisition : knowledge representation and processing / edited by Antonella Sorace. Caroline Heycock, Richard Shlllcock. p. cm. Papers presented at a conference held Edinburgh, 1997. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-08-043370-7 hc 1. Language acquisition—Congresses. I. Sorace, Antonella. II. Heycock. Caroline B., 1960- . III. Shlllcock, Richard. P118.L2539 1999 40V.93--dc21 98-51947 CIP ISBN: 0-08 043370-7 ©The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Printed in The Netherlands. For Teun Hoekstra (1953-1998) in memory This page intentionally left blank Contents A. Sorace, C. Heycock, R. Shillcock, Introduction: Trends and convergences in language acquisition research 1 K. Wexler, Very early parameter setting and the unique checking constraint: A new explanation of the optional infinitive stage 23 T. Hoekstra, N. Hyams, Aspects of root infinitives 81 A. Radford, Genitive subjects in child English 113 B.D. Schwartz, The second language instinct 133 B.B. Tesar, P. Smolensky, Learning Optimality-Theoretic grammars 161 P.W. Jusczyk, Constraining the search for structure in the input 197 S. Pinker, Words and rules 219 Author index 243 Subject index 253 This page intentionally left blank Lingua ELSEVIER Lingua 106(1998) 1-21 Introduction: Trends and convergences in language acquisition research* Antonella Soracea'*, Caroline Heycockb, Richard Shillcockc " Department of Applied Linguistics, University of Edinburgh, 14 Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh EH8 9LN UK h Department of Linguistics, University of Edinburgh, Adam Ferguson Building, George Sqaure, Edinburgh EH8 9LL UK '' School of Cognitive Science, Division of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 2 Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh EH8 9LW UK Language acquisition has a special place in cognitive science, and has become a fertile ground for interdisciplinary research: this volume presents some current cut- ting-edge research which illustrates this fruitful convergence of endeavours. The contributions to the volume originated as invited talks presented at the Gala '97 Con- ference entitled 'Language Acquisition: Knowledge Representation and Processing', held in Edinburgh in April 1997.' The aim of the conference was to promote cross- fertilisation across the different disciplines involved in research into language acqui- sition, and the collection presented here reflects this aim very directly. 1. Background The last decade has witnessed a significant shift in the cognitive paradigm applied to language acquisition. Until perhaps forty years ago, the study of language acqui- sition was largely restricted to the observation of individual case studies of child development (first language or LI acquisition), and to the improvement of teaching methods for foreign languages (second language or L2 acquisition). Theoretical ori- * We would like to thank the authors contributing to this volume for the dedication and thoroughness that they demonstrated in the preparation, revision, and submission of their manuscripts. We are also grateful to the reviewers, whose insightful critiques and suggestions - often produced under severe time pressure - were invaluable. * Corresponding author. Phone: +44 131 650 3961; fax: +44 131 650 3962; e-mail: [email protected] 1 The proceedings of the conference, containing all other talks and poster presentations, have been pub- lished as A. Sorace, C. Heycock and R. Shillcock (eds.), 1997. Proceedings of the Gala '97 Conference on Language Acquisition. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh. 0024-3841/997$ - see front matter © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved PII: S0024-3841(98)00028-X
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