Английский язык. Ландшафтная архитектура. Landscape architecture: практикум для студентов факультета Ландшафтной архитектуры направлений подготовки 35.03.10 «Ландшафтная архитектура», 54.03.01 «Дизайн»

60 Pages·2015·0.847 MB·Russian

by  Бобрицкая Ю.М.

Министерство образования и науки РФ

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
высшего профессионального образования
«САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ЛЕСОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ имени С. М. Кирова»

Кафедра иностранных языков

Ю. М. Бобрицкая ст. преподаватель

Английский  язык 

ЛАНДШАФТНАЯ АРХИТЕКТУРА

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

Практикум
для студентов направлений подготовки 35.03.10
«Ландшафтная архитектура» и 54.03.01 «Дизайн»

Санкт-Петербург
2015
1
Рассмотрен и рекомендован к изданию
Научно-методическим советом
Санкт-Петербургского государственного лесотехнического университета
17 июня 2014 г.

Отв. редактор
доцент Н. В. Воробьёва

Рецензенты:
кафедра методики обучения иностранным языкам
РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена, (зав. кафедрой кандидат педагогических наук,
доцент О. И. Трубицина),
кандидат педагогических наук, доцент Н. А. Шегай
(РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена)

Консультанты:
Хэйди Рэнч (Heidi Ranch) (СПб Бритиш Скул),
Джон МакКатчеон (John McCutcheon) University of South Carolina,
Columbia, South Carolina, Public Relations B.A.J.M.C

Бобрицкая, Ю. М.
Английский язык. Ландшафтная архитектура. Landscape
architecture: практикум для студентов факультета Ландшафтной архи-
тектуры направлений подготовки 35.03.10 «Ландшафтная архитектура»,
54.03.01 «Дизайн»/ Ю. М. Бобрицкая. – СПб.: СПбГЛТУ, 2015. – 60 с.
ISBN 978-5-9239-0728-5
Представлено кафедрой иностранных языков.
Настоящий практикум составлен для аудиторной и самостоя-
тельной работы студентов факультета «Ландшафтной архитектуры»
направлений подготовки 35.03.10 «Ландшафтная архитектура»
и 54.03.01 «Дизайн». Учебный материал способствует развитию навы-
ков и умений, необходимых для профессиональной коммуникации.

Темплан 2014 г. Изд. № 162.
ISBN 978-5-9239-0728-5 © СПбГЛТУ, 2015
2
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ 
Введение ...............................................................................................................................4
Unit 1..........................................................................................................................................5
Landscape Architecture....................................................................................................5
My Faculty...............................................................................................................................9
The Park of St. Petersburg Forestry Technical University....................................10
Unit 2.......................................................................................................................................12
From the History of Gardening......................................................................................12
Picturesque Garden..........................................................................................................14
French Classical Garden.................................................................................................16
Unit 3.......................................................................................................................................18
The Main Principles of Garden Design.......................................................................18
The Language of Design...................................................................................................19
Unit 4.......................................................................................................................................21
Focal Points...........................................................................................................................21
Unit 5.......................................................................................................................................23
Garden Structures...............................................................................................................23
Garden Structures...............................................................................................................26
Unit 6.......................................................................................................................................27
Unit 7.......................................................................................................................................31
Perennials.............................................................................................................................31
Annuals...................................................................................................................................33
Unit 8.......................................................................................................................................36
What is interior landscaping?......................................................................................36
Rock Garden.........................................................................................................................37
Unit 9.......................................................................................................................................40
Trees in the garden.............................................................................................................40
Steps........................................................................................................................................42
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ ..................................................................................................................45

3
Введение

Настоящий практикум для студентов факультета «Ландшафт-
ной архитектуры» направлений подготовки 35.03.10 «Ландшафтная
архитектура» и 54.03.01 «Дизайн» предназначен для развития на-
выков и умений профессиональной коммуникации в области ланд-
шафтной архитектуры и дизайна.
Настоящий практикум состоит из 9 уроков, в которых рас-
сматриваются темы, связанные с будущей профессиональной
деятельностью выпускников факультета: история возникновения
и развития ландшафтной архитектуры; основные элементы
ландшафтного дизайна и архитектуры; дизайн интерьеров; осо-
бенности английского пейзажного и французского регулярного
стилей.
Тексты и упражнения для отработки навыков и умений уст-
ной коммуникации составлены на основании аутентичных мате-
риалов, взятых из журналов, монографий и Интернет-ресурсов по
темам профессионального общения в области ландшафтной ар-
хитектуры.
Упражнения составлены автором и отредактированы носи-
телями английского языка.

4
Unit 1 

Text 1
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст:
Landscape Architecture

Landscape architecture is an ancient art. Since the old times it has brought
together nature and civilization.
The term “landscape architecture” was introduced by Gilbert Laing
Meason in 1828. In his book “Landscape Architecture of the Great Painters of
Italy” he described a special type of architecture which could be seen in the
landscape paintings of the great Italian artists.
Landscape architecture is concerned with the composition of outdoor space
using five compositional elements of garden and landscape design: vegetation;
landform; water; paving and structures. Thus landscape architects work with
"hard" (built) and "soft" (planted) materials, while integrating ecological
sustainability. Rapid growth of cities makes the profession of landscape
architect very important because urbanization has caused serious environmental
and social problems. The higher the urbanization level is the more specialists in
landscape architecture are needed.
Landscape architecture is a multi-disciplinary field, incorporating aspects
of botany, horticulture, industrial design, geology and the earth science,
environmental psychology, geography and ecology. Landscape architecture
combines art and science, so it incorporates also the aspects of the fine arts and
architecture.
The task of landscape architect is planning and designing of outdoor space
as well as interior gardening.
The activities of a landscape architect can range from the creation of public
parks and parkways to site planning for campuses and corporate office parks,
from the design of residential estates to the design of civil infrastructure and the
management of large wilderness areas. They also design and plan the restoration
5
and reclamation of natural landscapes degraded by humans: wetlands, stream
corridors, mined areas, landfills and forested land.
In some countries all designs for public spaces must be reviewed and
approved by licensed landscape architects.

II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. What is landscape architecture?
2. Who introduced the term “landscape architecture”?
3. What is landscape architecture concerned with?
4. What are the five compositional elements of garden and landscape
design?
5. What kinds of materials do landscape architects work with?
6. What should a landscape architect know?
7. What can landscape architects create?
8. Where would you like to work after the graduation?

III. Повторите тему «возможные сочетания глаголов «to be» и «to
have» по Приложению 2 на странице 45. В предложениях подчеркните
глаголы «to be» и «to have» в различных сочетаниях, определите их
функцию и переведите предложения:
1. Landscape architecture is an ancient art.
2. Landscape architects have to work with "hard" (built) and "soft" (planted)
materials.
3. Since the old times landscape architecture has brought together nature and
civilization.
4. The term “landscape architecture” was introduced by Gilbert Laing
Meason in 1828.
5. Students of the faculty of landscape architecture have lectures in drawing,
model-making and horticulture.
6. St. Petersburg Forest Technical University (at that time - Academy) was
founded in 1803.
7. Two lecture halls on the ground floor are being redecorated.
6
8. The profession “landscape architect” has always been very important
because landscape architects can solve a wide range of problems.
9. First St. Petersburg Forest Technical Academy was situated in Tsar’s
village, 30 kilometers from St. Petersburg.
10. In some countries all designs for public spaces are to be reviewed and
approved by licensed landscape architects.
11. Students of the faculty of landscape architecture are trained at 2 levels –
Bachelor's and Master's departments.
12. Part time students are to combine working and studying.
13. By correspondence students have to study mostly themselves.
14. We have just got our state grant.
15. Full time students are not allowed to miss lectures even if they work part-
time.
16. The Faculty of Landscape Architecture is the youngest faculty of St.
Petersburg Forest Technical University.
17. The department of landscape gardening was founded in Leningrad
Forestry Academy in 1933.
18. The Faculty of Landscape Architecture of St. Petersburg Forest Technical
University was founded in 2011.
19. Students of the Faculty of Landscape Architecture are trained at full time
and by correspondence departments.
20. It is 10 minutes to 1, so most students are having their lunch.
21. There are 4 buildings and a stadium in our University.

IV. Опишите то, что Вы видите вокруг себя в аудитории:
Какие предметы и людей Вы видите:
There are … There is …
Что делают люди вокруг Вас:
…is reading. …is chatting with his friend.
V. Повторите следующие слова и выражения:

Английский язык Русский язык
to finish school закончить школу
to be good at … хорошо успевать по … (предмету)
to decide решать
to enter the University поступать в университет
7
competition конкурс
competitive exams вступительные экзамены
entry requirements требования при поступлении
an interview собеседование
to apply to a higher school подавать заявление в вуз
Bachelor бакалавр
Bachelor's degree степень бакалавра
Master of science магистр
full time department/student дневное отделение/студент
part time department/student вечернее отделение/студент
(by) correspondence заочное отделение/студент
department/student
we have … lectures a day у нас … лекций в день
we have a break for lunch at … у нас перерыв на обед в … (время)
to live in a hostel жить в общежитии
to pass exams сдавать экзамены
to get state grant (scholarship) получать стипендию
to be a monitor быть старостой
Students' Trade Union студенческий профсоюз
amateur society кружок, студия
Students' Scientific Society студенческое научное общество
(СНО)

VI. Расскажите о себе по вопросам:

1. When did you finish school?
2. Why did you decide to enter the faculty of landscape architecture?
3. Was it difficult to enter the faculty?
4. Was the competition keen?
5. What were entry requirements? (How many points for All Russia exams?
An interview? Competitive exams? Application? Diplomas? Driving
license? Computer skills?)
6. Did you enter Bachelor’s or Master’s department?
7. Are you a full time, part time or by correspondence student?
8. How many times a year do the University students pass exams?
9. Do you get state grant?
10. Are you a monitor?
11. Have you joined the Student Trade Union?
12. Have you joined any amateur societies?
13. Have you joined the Student Scientific Society?

8
VII. a) Распределите предметы на общие (general subjects) и специали-
зированные (specialized subjects):

Students of the faculty are taught:
Drawing, Russian language, model-making, foreign language, horticulture,
building materials, physics, mathematics, urban planning, fundamentals of
construction, interior and landscape design, history and theory of landscape
architecture, computer graphic design, physical training, park designing,
forestry, gardening, history of landscape painting, botany, chemistry.
б) расскажите, какие предметы Вы изучаете сейчас, а какие будете
изучать:
Now we are studying …
In our third year we will study…
Подготовьте устное сообщение о себе и о своем факультете.

My Faculty

I am a first year student of St.Petersburg Forest Technical University.
I study at the faculty of landscape architecture. It was not easy to enter the
faculty because the competition was rather serious – only one of three applicants
was accepted. I had to pass All Russia Unified examinations in mathematics,
Russian language and geography to apply to the faculty.
I decided to enter this faculty because I like drawing and I think that the
profession of landscape architect is one of the most promising. Cities grow very
fast so more and more specialists in city planning, landscape gardening and
architecture are needed.
The faculty of landscape architecture is the youngest faculty of our university.
It was founded in 2010. I know that in 1933 the department of landscape gardening
was founded at Leningrad Forestry Academy. Later it became the faculty of
landscape gardening. The department foundation was initiated by Tatiana
Borisovna Dubiago – a prominent Russian scientist. She read lectures on the
history of French and Italian formal gardens and parks as well as landscape gardens
9
and parks of China, Japan and England. The principles and ideas of European,
Japanese and Chinese landscape architects formed the basis of Russian landscape
gardening and architecture. The faculty was closed in 1955. Students could study
landscape gardening only at the Forestry faculty of the Academy. The faculty was
revived in 2010. Nowadays there are 4 chairs at the faculty – the Chair of
Landscape Architecture, The Chair of Russian Language, the Chair of Foreign
languages and the Chair of Descriptive Geometry and Graphics. Students of the
faculty are trained at 2 levels – Bachelor’s and Master’s of Science. There is also
post graduate department. There are full time and by correspondence departments.
In the 1st and 2nd years students are taught mainly general subjects such as
mathematics, botany, chemistry, physical training, Russian language and foreign
language. Specialized subjects in the 1st and 2nd years are drawing, painting,
history of Fine Arts, history and theory of landscape architecture. Then students are
taught model-making, horticulture, building materials, urban planning,
fundamentals of construction, interior and landscape design, computer graphic
design, park designing, forestry, gardening, history of landscape painting and
others.

Text 2
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

The Park of St. Petersburg Forestry Technical University

The territory where the park is located now used to be a part of so-called
“English farm” which belonged to captain Alexander Davidson. In 1809 the
territory became state property and in 1811 it was given to Forest Institute
transferred from the Tzar’s village. In 1825 the project of the territory
development by Minister of Finances Egor Kankrin was approved. According to
10