Land Use Law for Sustainable Development (IUCN Academy of Environmental Law Research Studies) PDF
Preview Land Use Law for Sustainable Development (IUCN Academy of Environmental Law Research Studies)
LAND USE LAW FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Thisbooksurveystheglobalexperiencetodateinimplementinglandusepoliciesthatmove us further along the sustainable development continuum. The international community haslongrecognizedtheneedtoensurethatongoingandfuturedevelopmentisconducted sustainably.Whilehigh-levelcommitmentstowardsustainabledevelopmentsuchasthose includedintheRioandJohannesburgDeclarationsarepoliticallyimportant,theyareirrel- evantiftheyarenottranslatedintorealityontheground.Thisbookincludeschaptersthat discussthechallengesofimplementingsustainablelandusepoliciesindifferentregionsof theworld,revealingproblemsthatarecommontoalljurisdictionsandhighlightingothers thatareuniquetoparticularregions.Italsoincludeschaptersdocumentingnewapproaches tosustainablelanduse,suchasreformstopropertyrightsregimesandenvironmentallaws. Otherchaptersoffercomparisonsofapproachesindifferentjurisdictionsthatcanpresent insightsthatmightnotbeapparentfromasingle-jurisdictionanalysis. NathalieJ.ChalifourisanassistantprofessorintheFacultyofLawattheUniversityofOttawa inOntario,whereherteachingandresearchinterestsfallintheareasofenvironmentallaw, propertylaw,andinternationalenvironmentallawandpolicy.SheholdsaDoctorateofLaw andaMasterofLawfromStanfordUniversity,whereshecompletedaresearchfellowshipas aFulbrightScholar.Shehaswrittennumerousworksinthefieldofenvironmentallawand policy,includingbookchaptersonenvironmentaltaxationandarticlesonthenexusbetween internationaltraderulesandforestconservation.ProfessorChalifouriscontributingeditor ofthelooseleafserviceTheCanadianBrownfieldsManual(2005). Patricia Kameri-Mbote is an associate professor of Law and Chair of the Department of PrivateLaw,FacultyofLawattheUniversityofNairobi.SheholdsaDoctorateinLawand aMasterofLawfromStanfordUniversity,aMasterofLawinLawandDevelopmentfrom WarwickUniversity,andaPostgraduateDiplomainWomen’sLawfromtheUniversityof Zimbabwe.Herteachingandresearchinterestsfallintheareasofenvironmentallaw,law, scienceandtechnology,intellectualpropertyrights,landlaw,andfeministjurisprudence. Shehaspublishedwidelyintheareasofinternationalenvironmentallaw,biotechnology, women’srights,andpropertyrights. Lin Heng Lye is an associate professor in the Faculty of Law at the National University ofSingaporeandDeputyDirectoroftheFaculty’sAsia-PacificCentreforEnvironmental Law.ShechairstheUniversity’sinterdisciplinaryExecutiveCommitteefortheMastersin EnvironmentalManagementprogramandisVisitingAssociateProfessorattheYaleSchool ofForestryandEnvironmentalStudies.SheholdsMaster’sdegreesinLawfromHarvard UniversityandtheUniversityofLondonandanLLBfromtheUniversityofSingapore.She is an Advocate and Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Singapore and was Vice-Dean and DirectoroftheLawFaculty’sgraduateprograms.Herteachingandresearchinterestsliein propertylawandenvironmentallaw. John R. Nolon is a professor of Law at Pace University Law School. He received his JD degreefromtheUniversityofMichiganLawSchool,wherehewasamemberoftheBar- rister’sAcademicHonorSociety.ProfessorNolonhasbeenappointedVisitingProfessorof EnvironmentalLawattheYaleSchoolofForestryandEnvironmentalStudiesandnamed DirectoroftheJointCenterofLandUseStudiesformedbyYaleandPaceUniversityLaw School.HeservedontheEditorialAdvisoryBoardofthe NationalHousingandDevelop- mentReporterandisamemberoftheEditorialBoardofTheLandUseandEnvironmental LawReview.HehasworkedextensivelyonsustainabledevelopmentinSouthAmericaasa Fulbrightscholar. i Land Use Law for Sustainable Development Edited by NATHALIE J. CHALIFOUR UniversityofOttawa PATRICIA KAMERI-MBOTE UniversityofNairobi LIN HENG LYE NationalUniversityofSingapore JOHN R. NOLON PaceUniversity withaMessagefromKofiA.Annan, Secretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521862165 © IUCN Academy of Environmental Law 2007 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2006 isbn-13 978-0-511-25753-7eBook (NetLibrary) isbn-10 0-511-25753-8 eBook (NetLibrary) isbn-13 978-0-521-86216-5hardback isbn-10 0-521-86216-7 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Contents ListofContributors page ix Message from Kofi A. Annan, Secretary-General, United Nations xiii ForewordbyCharlesOdidiOkidiandNicholasAdamsRobinson xv Acknowledgments xix Introduction 1 NathalieJ.Chalifour,PatriciaKameri-Mbote,LinHengLye,JohnR.Nolon, andCharlesOdidiOkidi ChallengesofEnvironmentalLaw–EnvironmentalIssuesandTheir ImplicationstoJurisprudence 6 AkioMorishima one. internationalissuesandlegalresponsesto sustainablelandmanagement 1 IsConservationaViableLandUsage?IssuesSurroundingtheSaleofIvory bySouthernAfricanCountries 27 EdCouzens 2 ClimateChangeandLandUseinAfrica 45 DavidR.Hodas 3 ClimateChangeAdaptationandMitigation:ExploringtheRoleofLand ReformsinAfrica 60 H.W.O.Okoth-Ogendo 4 TheIntegrationofLandscapeintoLandUsePlanningPolicyinRelationto theNewEuropeanLandscapeConvention 71 MichelPrieur 5 EIALegislationandtheImportanceofTransboundary Application 89 LanaRouxandWillemienduPlessis two. nationalapproachestolanduseplanningfor sustainabledevelopment Africa 6 CommunityRightstoGeneticResourcesandTheirKnowledge:Africanand EthiopianPerspectives 111 MeketeBekele v vi CONTENTS 7 EasementsandWildlifeConservationinKenya 120 NyokabiGitahi 8 LandTenure,LandUse,andSustainabilityinKenya:TowardInnovativeUse ofPropertyRightsinWildlifeManagement 132 PatriciaKameri-Mbote 9 TheDevelopmentofEnvironmentalLawandItsImpactonSustainableUse ofWetlandsinUganda 161 EmmanuelKasimbazi 10 EIAandtheFourPs:SomeObservationsfromSouthAfrica 181 MichaelKidd 11 FromBureaucracy-ControlledtoStakeholder-DrivenUrbanPlanningand Management:ExperiencesandChallengesofEnvironmentalPlanningand ManagementinTanzania 197 W.J.Kombe 12 StrategiesforIntegratedEnvironmentalGovernanceinSouthAfrica: TowardaMoreSustainableEnvironmentalGovernanceandLandUse Regime 219 LouisJ.Kotze´ 13 EnvironmentalLawandSustainableLandUseinNigeria 240 MuhammedTawfiqLadan 14 TheRoleofAdministrativeDisputeResolutionInstitutionsandProcesses inSustainableLandUseManagement:TheCaseoftheNational EnvironmentTribunalandthePublicComplaintsCommitteeofKenya 253 AlbertMumma 15 ManagingtheEnvironmentalImpactofRefugeesinKenya:TheRoleof NationalAccountabilityandEnvironmentalLaw 266 GeorgeOkoth-Obbo 16 EnvironmentalImpactAssessmentLawandLandUse:AComparative AnalysisofRecentTrendsintheNigerianandU.S.OilandGasIndustry 281 BibobraBelloOrubebe 17 ManagingLandUseandEnvironmentalConflictsinCameroon 304 NchunuSama Asia 18 EnvironmentalLawReformtoControlLandDegradationinthePeople’s RepublicofChina:AViewoftheLegalFrameworkofthePRC–GEF PartnershipProgram 315 IanHannamandDuQun 19 UrbanizationandEnvironmentalChallengesinPakistan 334 ParvezHassan 20 ASEANHeritageParksandTransboundaryBiodiversityConservation 352 Kheng-LianKoh 21 LandUsePlanning,EnvironmentalManagement,andtheGardenCityasan UrbanDevelopmentApproachinSingapore 374 LinHengLye 22 TheLawandPreparationofEnvironmentalManagementPlansfor SustainableDevelopmentinThailand 397 SuneeMallikamarlandNuntapolKarnchanawat CONTENTS vii 23 Nepal’sLegalInitiativesonLandUseforSustainableDevelopment 417 AmberPrasadPant Australia 24 EnvironmentalLawandIrrigatedLandinAustralia 433 KarenBubna-Litic 25 EnvironmentalImpactAssessment:AddressingtheMajorWeaknesses 451 MichaelI.Jeffery LatinAmerica 26 ProtectionofNaturalSpacesinBrazilianEnvironmentalLaw 471 Jose´RubensMoratoLeite,HelineSiviniFerreira,andPatryckdeArau´joAyala 27 LandUsePlanninginMexico:AsFramedbySocialDevelopmentand EnvironmentalPolicies 484 GabriellaPavonandJoseJuanGonzalez 28 Argentina’sConstitutionandGeneralEnvironmentLawastheFramework forComprehensiveLandUseRegulation 503 JuanRodrigoWalsh NorthAmerica 29 EcologicalEconomics,SustainableLandUse,andPolicyChoices 526 NathalieJ.Chalifour 30 The2004U.S.OceanReportandItsImplicationsforLandUseReformto ImproveOceanWaterQuality 555 LindaA.Malone 31 HistoricalOverviewoftheAmericanLandUseSystem:ADiagnostic ApproachtoEvaluatingGovernmentalLandUseControl 581 JohnR.Nolon Index 611 Contributors PatryckdeArau´joAyala AttorneyofMatoGrossoState;LawPhDstudent,Federal UniversityofSantaCatarina,Brazil MeketeBekele AssistantProfessor,FacultyofLaw,AddisAdabaUniversity,Ethiopia KarenBubna-Litic SeniorLecturerinLawintheFacultyofLawatUTS,Australia Nathalie J. Chalifour Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, Ontario,Canada Ed Couzens Attorney, RSA, and Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Law, University of KwaZulu-Natal,Durban,SouthAfrica HelineSiviniFerreira LawPhDstudent,FederalUniversityofSantaCatarina,Brazil NyokabiGitahi LegalAssociate,AfricanWildlifeAssociation,Kenya Jose Juan Gonzalez President of the Mexican Institute for Environmental Law ResearchandProfessorofEnvironmentalLawattheUniversidadAutonomaMetropoli- tana,Mexico IanHannam Member,IUCNCommissiononEnvironmentalLaw;Chair,IUCNCEL SpecialistWorkingGouponSustainableSoil;EnvironmentalLawandPolicySpecialist, AsianDevelopmentBank,Beijing,China Parvez Hassan Senior Partner, Hassan & Hassan, Lahore, Pakistan, and President, PakistanEnvironmentalLawAssociation DavidR.Hodas Professor of Law, Widener University School of Law, Wilmington, Delaware,USA Michael I. Jeffery Professor of Law and Director, Centre for Environmental Law, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Deputy Chair of the IUCN Commission on EnvironmentalLaw PatriciaKameri-Mbote AssociateProfessorandChair,DepartmentofPrivateLaw, FacultyofLaw,UniversityofNairobi,Kenya NuntapolKarnchanawat Thailand EmmanuelKasimbazi SeniorLecturer,FacultyofLaw,MakerereUniversityUganda, andPartner,Kasimbazi&Co.Advocates,Uganda ix
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