Table Of Content

Labour united and divided from the 1830s to the present Labour united and divided from the 1830s to the present Edited by Emmanuelle Avril and Yann Béliard Manchester University Press Copyright © Manchester University Press 2018 While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both author and publisher. Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 5261 2632 0 hardback First published 2018 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for any external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited Contents List of figures and tables vii Notes on contributors viii Acknowledgements xii Abbreviations xiv Introduction: the British labour movement between unity and division 1 Emmanuelle Avril and Yann Béliard Part I: Labour’s first century: disputed solidarities 1 The Grand National Consolidated Trades’ Union, 1833–1834: class and conflict in the early British labour movement 21 Ophélie Siméon 2 The Knights of Labor and the British trade unions, 1880–1900 33 Steven Parfitt 3 The struggle for control of the Durham Miners’ Association, 1890s–1915 49 Lewis H. Mates 4 Contested coordinator: the Hull Trades Council, 1872–1914 66 Yann Béliard 5 Domestic servants and the labour movement, 1870s–1914 83 Anna Clark vi Contents Part II: Convergences, divergences and realignments on the left 6 ‘The people’s main defence against monopoly’? The Co-op, the Labour Party and Resale Price Maintenance, 1918–1964 101 David Stewart 7 The British left’s attitude towards the Battle of Athens, December 1944–February 1945: commonalities and divisions 122 Anastasia Chartomatsidi 8 The decline of revolutionary pragmatism and the splintering of British communism in the 1980s 138 Jeremy Tranmer 9 Re-framing the debate on breakaway trade unions in an era of neoliberalism 153 David Evans 10 English teachers’ unions since 2010: ‘a teachers’ lobby divided against itself’? 171 Anne Beauvallet Part III: The Labour Party today: fragmentation or mutation? 11 Dissent in the Parliamentary Labour Party, 1945–2015 193 Nick Randall 12 ‘What dire effects from civil discord flow’: party management and legitimacy breakdown in the Labour Party 221 Eric Shaw 13 The conflicting loyalties of the Scottish Labour Party 238 Fiona Simpkins 14 The ‘movementisation’ of the Labour Party and the future of labour organising 254 Emmanuelle Avril Concluding remarks 271 Emmanuelle Avril and Yann Béliard Index 280 List of figures and tables Figures 11.1 Public perceptions of Labour disunity: percentage saying the Labour Party is divided 195 11.2 Dissenting votes in House of Commons by PLP members, 1945–2010 197 11.3 Percentage of rebellions in the PLP by issue 199–203 Tables 10.1 NUT, ATL and NASUWT positions on key issues from 2010 to 2017 183–184 11.1 Exit as dissent: resignations of the whip and defections from the PLP 206–208 11.2 Peak memberships of principal factional groupings within the PLP 209 11.3 Factional participation in dissenting votesv 211 Notes on contributors Emmanuelle Avril is Professor of Contemporary British Politics and Society at the Sorbonne Nouvelle University, France. Her specialist subject is intra- party democracy, organisational change and mobilisation within the British Labour Party, which has come to include a study of the impact of new technologies on party membership, activism and political participation in general. Other aspects of her research are political leadership, ideology and the rhetoric of political images. Her latest publications include New Technologies, Organizational Change and Governance (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, co-edited with C. Zumello); Les partis politiques en Grande Bretagne (Armand Colin, 2013, co-written with A. Alexandre-Collier) and Democracy, Participation and Contestation: Civil Society, Governance and the Future of Liberal Democracy (Routledge, 2016, co-edited with J. Neem). Anne Beauvallet is a Senior Lecturer in British Studies at Toulouse-Jean Jaurès University, France. She received a PhD on the perception of the welfare state by the English public from 1960 to 2001. As a member of the research group Cultures Anglo-Saxonnes, she has published several papers on British education policies in French academic journals such as LISA/LISA e-journal, Observatoire de la société britannique and Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. She has also published a chapter on ‘Truancy and Anti-social Behaviour in England in the late Victorian Era and under New Labour’, in Anti-social Behaviour in Britain: Victorian and Contemporary Perspectives, edited by Sarah Pickard (Palgrave, 2014). Yann Béliard is a Senior Lecturer in British Studies at the Sorbonne Nouvelle University, France. His PhD, completed in 2007 under the supervision of the