Labour, British radicalism and the First World War PDF
Preview Labour, British radicalism and the First World War
Labour, British radicalism and the First World War Edited by Lucy Bland and Richard Carr Labour, British radicalism and the First World War Labour, British radicalism and the First World War Edited by Lucy Bland and Richard Carr Manchester University Press Copyright © Manchester University Press 2018 While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both author and publisher. Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1526 10929 3 hardback First published 2018 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for any external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited Contents List of figures and tables vii Notes on contributors viii List of abbreviations xii Introduction – Lucy Bland and Richard Carr 1 1 Peace, but not at any price: British socialists’ calls for peace on the eve of the First World War – Marcus Morris 17 2 At the crossroads: the Labour Party, the trade unions and the choices of direction for the democratic left – Chris Wrigley 35 3 ‘One of the most revolutionary proposals that has ever been put before the House’: the passage of the Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 1918 – Mari Takayanagi 56 4 Labour and socialism during the First World War in Bristol and Northampton – Matthew Kidd 73 5 A stronghold of liberalism? The north-east Lancashire cotton weaving districts and the First World War – Jack Southern 91 6 Living through war, waging peace: comparing Mary Macarthur and Sylvia Pankhurst – Deborah Thom 108 7 ‘Industrial unionism for women’: Ellen Wilkinson and the unionisation of shop workers, 1915–18 – Matt Perry 126 v vi Contents 8 The unsung heroines of radical wartime activism: gender, militarism and collective action in the British Women’s Corps – Krisztina Robert 145 9 Charlie Chaplin’s war: a British radical in tumultuous times – Richard Carr 166 10 Irish Labour and the ‘Co-operative Commonwealth’ in the era of the First World War – Marc Mulholland 182 11 Russia’s war and revolutions as seen by Morgan Philips Price and Arthur Henderson – Jonathan Davis 201 12 The Stanford connection: David Starr Jordan, eugenics and the Anglo-American anti-war movement – Gavin Baird and Bradley W. Hart 220 13 The problem of war aims and the Treaty of Versailles – John Callaghan 240 Index 257 List of figures and tables Figures 6.1 Mary Macarthur addressing strikers and supporters in Cradley Heath, 1910 118 6.2 Sylvia Pankhurst outside the headquarters of the ELFS in Old Ford Road, Bow 118 8.1 ‘Tempora Mutantur!’, The Bystander, 17 February 1915 146 8.2 ‘The W.A.A.C. at the Front: A Woman Chauffeur in a “Tin Hat” ’ 153 8.3 The Wrens: Being the Story of their Beginnings & Doings in Various Parts (London, 1919) 155 8.4 Staff photograph of a British army unit on the Western Front, outside an Army Service Corps garage, c. 1919 158 Table 5.1 World trade in cotton textiles 92 vii Notes on contributors Gavin Baird currently serves as a legal analyst on the Competition Team at Google Inc. He is a graduate of California State University, Fresno and the London School of Economics, where he was a Marshall Scholar. He has conducted academic research on an array of topics ranging from fiscal policy following the Great Depression to modern global antitrust law. Lucy Bland is Professor of Social and Cultural History at Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge. She has written widely on the history of feminism, gender and sexuality. Publications include Banishing the Beast: English Feminism and Sexual Morality, 1885–1914 (1995, 2nd edition, 2002), two books with Laura Doan: Sexology in Culture: Labelling Bodies and Desires and Sexology Uncensored: The Documents of Sexual Science (both 1998) and Modern Women on Trial: Sexual Transgression in the Age of the Flapper (2013). She is currently writing a book provisionally entitled Britain’s ‘Brown Babies’: Children of Black GIs and British Women Born in World War II. John Callaghan is Professor of Politics and Contemporary History at the University of Salford. He is the author of Socialism in Britain Since 1884 (1990), The Retreat of Social Democracy (2000) and Labour and Foreign Policy: A History (2007). Richard Carr is Senior Lecturer in History and Politics at Anglia Ruskin University. He has published widely on twentieth-century history. Publica- tions include a political biography of Charlie Chaplin (2016), and the monograph Veteran MPs and Conservative Politics in the Aftermath of the Great War (2013). Jonathan Davis is Senior Lecturer in Russian History and Co-director of the Labour History Research Unit at Anglia Ruskin University. He was viii
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