Labor Relations in the Public Sector PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONA ND PUBLIC POLICY A ComprehensiveP ublication Program Executive Editor JACKR ABIN Professoro f Public Administratioann dP ublic Policy Schoolo f PublicA ffairs TheC apital College The PennsylvaniaS tate University--Harrisburg MiddletownP, ennsylvania 1. PublicA dministrationa s a DevelopinDg isci[91ine( in twop arts), Robert Golembiewski 2. ComparatiNvea tionalP olicieso n HealthC are,M ilton I. RoemeMr, .D. 3. ExclusionarIyn justice: TheP roblemo f Illegally ObtaineEd videnceS, teven R. Schlesinger 4. Personnel Managemeinnt GovernmentP: olitics and Process, Jay M. Shafritz, WalterL . Balk, Albert C. Hydea, ndD avidH . Rosenbloom 5. OrganizatioDn evelopmeinn tP ublicA dministration(i n twop arts), edited RobertT . Golembiewsakni d WilliamB . Eddy 6. Public Administration:A ComparativPee rspectiveS, econEd dition, Revised and ExpandedF, errel Heady 7. Approachetos PlannedC hang(ein two parts), RobertT . Golembiewski 8. ProgramEv aluationa t HEW(in three parts), editedb y JameGs . Abert 9. TheS tates and the Metropolis, Patricia S. Florestanoa nd Vincent L. Marando 10. PersonnelM anagemeinn t GovemmenPto: litics and Process, SecondE di- tion, Reviseda ndE xpandeJda, y M. Shafritz, Albert C. Hyde,a ndD avidH . Rosenbloom 11. ChanginBg ureaucraciesU: nderstandintgh e OrganizationB eforeS electing the ApproachW, illiamA . Medina 12. Handboookn Public Budgetinga nd Financial Managemenetd, ited by Jack Rabina nd ThomaDs . Lynch 13. Encyclopedoiaf Policy Studies,e ditedb y StuartS . Nagel 14. PublicA dministrationa ndL aw:B enchv. Bureauin the UnitedS tates, David H. Rosenbloom 15. Handboookn Public PersonneAl dministrationa ndL aborR elations, edited by JackR abin,T homaVso cino,W .B artleyH ildreth, andG eraldJ . Miller 16. Public Budgetinagn dF inance:B ehavioral,T heoretical,a ndT echnicaPl er- spectives,T hird Edition, editedb y RoberTt . Golembiewasknid J ackR abin 17. OrganizationaBl ehaviora nd Public ManagemeDnte, braW . Stewarta ndG . DavidG arson 18. TheP olitics of Terrorism:S econEdd ition, Reviseda ndE xpandeedd, itedb y MichaeSl tohl 19. Handboookf OrganizationM anagemeendt,i ted by WilliamB . Eddy 20. OrganizationT heorya ndM anagemeendt,i ted by ThomaDs . Lynch 21. LaborR elationsin the PublicS ector,R ichardC . Kearney 22. Politics and Administration: WoodroWw ilson and AmericanP ublic Ad- ministration, edited by JackR abina ndJ ameSs . Bowman 23. Makinga ndM anaginPgo licy: FormulationA, nalysis,E valuatione, ditedb y G. RonaldG ilbert 24. Public AdministrationA: ComparativPee rspectiveT, hird Edition, Revised, Ferrel Heady 25. DecisionM akinign the PublicS ector,e ditedb y LloydG . Nigro 26. ManaginAgd ministration,e dited by JackR abin, SamueHl umesa, ndB rian S. Morgan 27. Public PersonneUl pdate,e dited by MichaelC ohena nd RobertT . Golem- biewski 28. State andL ocal GovemmeAndtm inistration,e dited by Jack Rabina nd Don Dodd 29. PublicA dministrationA: BibliographicG uideto the Literature, HowarEd . McCurdy 30. PersonneMl anagemienn tG overnmenPto: litics andP rocessT, hird Edition, Reviseda nd ExpandedJ, ay M. Shafritz, Albert C. Hyde,a nd David H. Rosenbloom 31. Handboookf InformationR esourceM anagemeendt,i ted by Jack Rabina nd EdwardM . Jackowski 32. Public Administration in DevelopeDd emocraciesA: ComparativSet udy, edited by DonaldC . Rowat 33. TheP olitics of Terrorism:T hird Edition, Reviseda ndE xpandeedd, ited by MichaeSl tohl 34. Handboookn HumaSne rvices Administration, edited by Jack Rabina nd MarciaB . Steinhauer 35. Handboookf Public Administration, edited by Jack Rabin, W. Bartley Hildreth,a ndG eraldJ. Miller 36. Ethics for Bureaucrats:A n Essayo n Lawa nd Values, SecondE dition, Reviseda nd ExpandedJ,o hnA . Rohr 37. TheG uideto the Foundationosf PublicA dministrationD, anielW .M artin 38. Handboookf Strategic Managemeendti,t ed by JackR abin,G eraldJ . Miller, andW .B artleyH ildreth 39. Terrorisma ndE mergencMya nagemePnto: licy andA dministration,W illiam L. WaughJ,r . 40. OrganizationaBl ehavioar ndP ublic ManagemenSt.e" conEd dition, Revised andE xpandedM, ichaeLl . Vasu,D ebraW .S tewart,a nd G. DavidG arson 41. Handboookf Comparativaen dD evelopmePnut blic Administration,e dited by Ali Farazmand 42. Public Administration:A ComparativPee rspectiveF, ourthE dition, Ferrel Heady 43. GovernmeFnitn ancialM anagemTenhte ory,G eraldJ . Miller 44. PersonneMl anagemienn tG ovemmePnot:f itics andP rocessF, ourthE dition, Reviseda nd ExpandedJ, ay M. Shafritz, NormaM . Riccucci, David H. Rosenblooman, dA lbert C. Hyde 45. PublicP roductivityH andbooekd, ited by MarcH olzer 46. Handboookf PublicB udgetinge, dited by JackR abin 47. Labor Relations in the Public SectocS econdE dition, Reviseda nd Ex- pandedR, ichardC . Kearney 48. Handboookf OrganizationaCl onsultation,e ditedb y RobertT . Golembiewski 49. Handboookf Court Administration and Managemenetd, ited by StevenW . Haysa ndC ole BleaseG rahamJ,r . 50. Handboookf ComparativeP ublic Budgetinga nd Financial Management, edited by ThomaDs . Lyncha ndL awrencLe. Martin 51. Handbooofk OrganizationaBl ehavior,e ditedb y RobertT . Golembiewski 52. Handbooofk AdministrativeE thics, editedb y TerryL . Cooper 53. Encyclopediao f Policy Studies: SecondE dition, Reviseda nd Expanded, editedb y StuartS . Nagel 54. Handboookf Regulation and Administrative Law, edited by David H. Rosenblooamn d RichardD . Schwartz 55. Handboookf Bureaucracye,d ited by Ali Farazmand 56. Handboookf Public Sector LaborR elations, edited by Jack Rabin, Thomas VocinoW, .B artleyH ildreth,a ndG eraldJ . Miller 57. Practical Public ManagemeRnot,b ertT . Golembiewski 58. Handboookf Public PersonneAl dministration,e dited by JackR abin,T homas VocinoW, .B artleyH ildreth,a ndG eraldJ . Miller 59. Public Administration:A ComparativPee rspective,F ifth Edition, Ferrel Heady 60. Handboookf DebtM anagemeendt,i ted by GeraldJ . Miller 61. Public Administrationa nd Law:S econdE dition, DavidH . Rosenbiooamn d RosemarOy ’Leary 62. Handboookf Local GovemmeAndtm inistration,e dited by JohnJ . Gargan 63. Handboookf AdministrativeC ommunicatioend,i ted by JameLs . Garnetta nd AlexanderK ouzmin 64. Public Budgetinga nd Finance: Fourth Edition, Reviseda nd Expanded, edited by RobertT . Golembiewsakni dJ ackR abin 65. Handboookf Public Administration:S econEd dition, edited by JackR abin, W.B artleyH ildreth,a ndG eraldJ . Miller 66. Handbooko f Organization Theorya nd ManagemenTt:h e Philosophical Approache, dited by ThomaDs . Lyncha ndT oddJ . Dicker 67. Handboookf Public Finance,e dited by Fred Thompsaonnd MarkT . Green 68. OrganizationaBl ehavioar ndP ublicM anagemeTnht:i rd Edition, Reviseda nd ExpandedM, ichaelL . Vasu,D ebraW .S tewart, andG . DavidG arson 69. Handboookf EconomiDc evelopmenet,d ited by KuotsaiT omL iou 70. Handboookf HealthA dministrationa ndP olicy, edited by AnneO sbornKe il- patrick andJ amesA . Johnson 71. Handboookf ResearcMh ethodins PublicA dministratione, dited by GeraldJ . Miller andM arciaL . Whicker 72. Handboookn T axation,e dited by W.B artley Hildreth andJ ameAs . Richard- son 73. Handboookf ComparativPeu blic Administrationin the Asia-Pacific Basin, edited by Hoi-kwokW onga nd HonS . Chan 74. Handboookf Global EnvironmentaPl olicy andA dministration, edited by DennisL . Sodena ndB rentS . Steel 75. Handboookf State GovemmeAndtm inistration,e dited by JohnJ . Gargan 76. Handbooofk GlobaLl egalP olicy, editedb y Stuart S. Nagel 77. Handboookf Public InformationS ystemse, dited by G. DavidG arson 78. Handboookf GlobalE conomPico licy, editedb y Stuart S. Nagel 79. Handbooko f Strategic ManagemenSt:e condE dition, Reviseda nd Ex- pandede,d itedb y JackR abin,G eraldJ . Miller, andW .B artleyH ildreth 80. Handbooofk G lobalI nternationalP olicy, editedb y Stuart S. Nagel 81. Handboookf Organizational Consultation: SecondE dition, Reviseda nd Expandede,d ited by RobertT . Golembiewski 82. Handbooofk G lobalP olitical Policy, editedb y StuartS . Nagel 83. Handbooofk GlobalT echnologPyo licy, editedb y Stuart S. Nagel 84. Handboookf Criminal Justice Administration, edited by Toni DuPont- Morales,M ichaeKl . Hoopera, ndJ udyH . Schmidt 85. LaborR elationsin the Public Sector’. Third Edition, edited by RichardC . Kearney Additional Volumesi n Preparation Handboookf GlobalS ocial Policy, edited by Stuart S. Nagela ndA myR obb Handboookf Organizational BehaviocS econdE dition, Reviseda nd Ex- pandede, dited by RobertT . Golembiewski Handboookf AdministrativeE thics: SecondE dition, Reviseda ndE xpanded, editedb y TerryL . Cooper Handboookf Public Quality Managemeendt,i ted by RonaldJ . Stupaka nd PeterM .L eitner Handboookf Crisis andE mergencMya nagemeendt,i ted by Ali Farazmand Handboookf Public ManagemePnrta ctice and Reform,e dited by Kuotsai TomL iou Handboookf Comparativaen d DevelopmenPtu blic Administration: Second Edition, Reviseda ndE xpandede,d ited by All Farazmand Principlesa ndP racticeos f PubficA dministratio[onn -line text], editedb y Jack Rabin,R oberMt unzenridearn, dS herrieB artell Public Administration:A ComparativPee rspectiveS, ixth Edition, Revised and ExpandedF, errel Heady PersonneMl anagemeinn tG ovemmePnot:l itics andP rocess,F ifth Edition, Jay M. Shafritz, NormaM . Riccucci, David H. RosenbloomK,a therineC . Naff, andA lbert C. Hyde ANNALS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1. Public Administration:H istory and Theoryi n ContemporaPrye rspective, edited by JosephA . UvegesJ,r . 2. Public AdministrationE ducationin Transition, edited by ThomaVso cinoa nd RichardH eimovics 3. CentenaryIs sues of the PendletonA ct of 1883,e dited by DavidH o Ro- senbloomwi th the assistanceo f MarkA . Emmert 4. IntergovemmenRtaell ationsin the 1980se, dited by RichardH . Leach 5. CriminalJ ustice Administration:L inking Practicea ndR esearche,d ited by WilliamA . JonesJ, r. Labor Relations in the Public Sector Third Edition Richard C. Kearney East CarolinaU niversity Greenville,N orthC arolina with David G. Carnevale University of Oklahoma NormanO, klahoma MARCEL MARCEL DEKKER, INC. NEWY O~,K¯ BASEL ISBN: 0-8247-0420.7 This booki s printed on acid-free paper. Headquarters Marcel Dekker, Inc. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY1 0016 tel: 212-696-9000;f ax: 212-685-4540 Eastern HemisphereD istribution Marcel Dekker AG Hutgasse 4, Postfach 812, CH-4001B asel, Switzerland tel: 41-61-261-8482;f ax: 41-61-261-8896 World Wide Web http://www.dekker.com The publisher offers discounts on this book wheno rdered in bulk quantities. For more information, write to Special Sales/Professional Marketinga t the headquarters address above. Copyright © 2001 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Neither this book nor any part mayb e reproducedo r transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,m icrofilming, and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Currentp rinting (last digit): 1098765432 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Preface Unionss eemt o be perpetually at a crossroads. Thosei n the private sector have suffered membershipd eclines for more than 45 years and, even under the dy- namic leadership of AFL-CIPOr esident John Sweeneyt, hey will be hard-pressed to reverse the powerfult ide against unions in the private sector. In government, union membershiph as been stagnant since the 1980s. Althought here have been somep ositive incrementalc hangesi n the state legal environmenfto r collective bargaining, no new comprehensiveb argaining laws have been enacted since 1992. Meanwhilef,u ndamentalr estructuring of private and public organizations and the processes they use to conduct their business have been occurring at an ever-increasing rate. Globalization of labor and markets has profoundly chal- lengedu nions in the business sector. For their counterpartsi n governmentc,o ntin- uing citizen resistance to governmentat xing and spending, joined with the move- ment to reinvent governmenth, ave posedn ewc hallenges that provide both threats and opportunities. In any event, managingi n a union environmenti s a reality for approximately4 0%o f public managers,a nd unions remain key political ac- tors in the federal governmenant d in a large proportiono f state andl ocal jurisdic- tions. The third edition of LaborR elations in the Public Sector has been com- pletely updatedi n termso f the scholarly and professional literature and relevant events. Collective bargaining and labor relations are addresseda t all levels of government,w ith comparisonst o the private and nonprofit sectors. The Rein- venting GovernmenMt ovemenhta s been incorporated into several chapters. In- terest-based ("win-win")n egotiation is a prominentt hemei n discussions of the bargainingp rocess and contract administration. Thet hird edition features several iii
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