Korean Food Systems The Republic of Korea (ROK) is projected by 2030 to have the longest living population compared to any nation on earth. A girl born in the ROK in 2030 will live up to 90.8 years on average. What are the reasons for this improvement in longevity? Among many insights for longevity among the people of the ROK is the diverse Korean ethnic diet with roots in a traditional diet that has been preserved for centuries. Korean Food Systems: Secrets of the K-Diet for Healthy Aging provides an integrated and holistic approach towards the understanding how food systems of the ROK and experiences of the last 60-plus years has been sustained by traditions and ecology integrated with contemporary advances in technology and the economy. Key Features: • Discusses the rationale and basis of food systems, traditions of healthy eating, and healthy aging in the Korean population and why by 2030 they will be the longest living population on the planet. • Reflects on the role of historical, cultural, and traditional food and dietary concepts of Korea and how they have influenced healthy eating habits, contributing to health and longevity. • Discusses the relevance of the modern genetic concepts of nu- trigenomics and epigenetics, metabolic concepts such as circu- lation, and food concepts such as fermented and functional foods in advancing healthy food concepts and longevity. • Provides insights how a large population can advance an in- tegrated holistic food-based approach to longevity and wellness. As a collaboration between various outstanding authors, the insights from this book can provide global examples to align similar approaches and policies in other countries in different ecologies of planet earth. Korean Food Systems Secrets of the K-Diet for Healthy Aging Edited by Dong-Hwa Shin and Kalidas Shetty Cover image: Cover photographs provided by Professor Yoon, Sook Ja. First edition published 2023 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 and by CRC Press 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Dong-Hwa Shin and Kalidas Shetty; individual chapters, the contributors Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. 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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Names: Shin, Dong-Hwa, editor. | Shetty, Kalidas, editor. Title: Korean food systems : secrets of the K-diet for healthy aging / edited by Professor Emeritus Dong-Hwa Shin, PhD, Emeritus Professor of Chonbuk National University, Republic of Korea and Professor Kalidas Shetty, PhD, Professor of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, US. Description: First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2023. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2022008761 (print) | LCCN 2022008762 (ebook) | ISBN 9781032231129 (hbk) | ISBN 9781032231099 (pbk) | ISBN 9781003275732 (ebk) Subjects: LCSH: Food‐‐Korea‐‐History. | Diet‐‐Korea. | Longevity‐‐Nutritional aspects‐‐Korea. | Koreans‐‐Nutrition. | Food habits‐‐Korea‐‐History. Classification: LCC TX360.K6 K65 2023 (print) | LCC TX360.K6 (ebook) | DDC 394.1/2095195‐‐dc23/eng/20220318 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022008761 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022008762 ISBN: 978-1-032-23112-9 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-23109-9 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-27573-2 (ebk) DOI: 10.1201/9781003275732 Typeset in Caslon by MPS Limited, Dehradun Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii PREFACE: PERSPECTIVES AND VISION OF THE BOOK ix EDITORS xv CONTRIBUTORS xix INTRODUCTION: WISDOM AND ECOLOGY OF KOREAN FOOD SYSTEMS IN THE MODERN WORLD: INSIGHTS AND PERSPECTIVES ON ADVANCING DIVERSITY OF ETHNIC FOODS FOR HEALTH AND WELLNESS FROM K-DIET 1 KALIDAS SHETTY CHAPTER 1 KOREAN ETHNIC FOOD PROVIDES A NEW PARADIGM FOR HEALTHY LONGEVITY 9 SANG CHUL PARK CHAPTER 2 KOREAN LONG LIVING PEOPLE: WHAT AND HOW TO EAT TO LIVE 23 MEE-SOOK LEE CHAPTER 3 KOREANS SELECT FOOD ALIGNED AND SUITABLE FOR THEIR CONSTITUTION 47 CHERL-HO LEE V VI CONTENTS CHAPTER 4 THE ANSWER FOR A HEALTHY LIFE IS A KOREAN TRADITIONAL DIET 65 DAE-YOUNG KWON CHAPTER 5 KOREAN FERMENTED FOODS FOR HEALTHIER LONGEVITY 107 DONG-HWA SHIN CHAPTER 6 FOOD ALTERS GENES: UNDERSTANDING NUTRIGENOMICS AND EPIGENETICS 147 KYONG-CHOL KIM CHAPTER 7 GOOD BLOOD CIRCULATION IS VITAL TO YOUR HEALTH 171 SOO-WAN CHAE CHAPTER 8 HEALTH FUNCTIONAL FOOD MARKET IS THE TREND 197 HYUN WOO KIM, SEA MI PARK, GYU HAN JO, SUN MIN KIM, AND HYUN JIN PARK INDEX 221 Acknowledgments Kind acknowledgments to Professor Yoon, Sook Ja for providing the cover photographs VII Preface: Perspectives and Vision of the Book With the advent of human civilization and organized community, humans have always shown the innate desire to live longer and healthier lives. This instinctive desire to live long continues in the modern times from rural to urban living and lifestyles. Overall, the longevity of human life has continued to increase, and life expectancy has continued to grow with the dynamic history of eating, from hunter and gatherer approaches to the changes in the social environment with organization of communities and single-family units. Though longevity has species-specific limits, when animal studies are extended to humans then they show the possibility of living longer than what is currently possible (Lee 2018). The main factor in the extension of a healthy life is the result of the combination of medical technology that enables the prevention of infectious diseases and the treatment of diseases according to the scientific advances. These advances include the supply of high-quality food as the source of healthy nutrition and personal hygiene through sanitation management. These developments will continue across the world, but the question remains whether the human life span can be extended forever. This is impossible to draw conclusions on right now, based on current scientific advances and developments. IX