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Spe caus ‘svose wzpoepUN (3) yee a “uoHs APIaAG (2) “(op oetomar ay oy ea D0 9 on a sun op oro Poe Nan lm HC APA (o) Fig. 6. The dori Ine, cucoive THE MILL Tur while ll these many and vasiaus preparavoas ate yuing for- ‘word, an irpartane clcontained jab 3s boing deme hy an expert Amongst espera master eraftemim of the couneyside ts maling and fing the many wouden ooge ie the great wheels as chey come te him Bom foundry or joiners bench, Far these a stuck of 2 in apple oy heach-baards-was kept in hand by old-time milwrightss bout such watermill cops aa were continually exposed moinnaxe were of oak “The cuting of anything from 70 0 r42-martses in big wooden -wheslizone of the mont sill ataof the willwight, always pesent- Jing pil ora careless workman, All need tobe presiely dhesamie sive ad shape, and all weal spaced toa bar's seadths for a fy _morise will x hold. a cog fx long. "Whencogping a whealin the works op, itis convenient to mow Itkeyed on inate with oneend of che axle resting na bioek secured (0 the doorpost, wets platy of ight fal, and the other end om a bec, va that ee wheel may he revolved in uae circle as "An ive wheel, or an old wooden ons, will he moiised alrdy, bora new wooden one will sat require marking ont for thi pure pees, A-Rgid hore ix set alongside the wheel, o take a sive oF fucker, and a impraviaed eniechandle fs tightly Sted! on wn dhe ale u0 rae the wheel vo that de earker will dance a cincunferen > Gal lice along which the cogs ae 0 be spaced, ‘The exact eanireline of ecery mortise is then marked off vay carefully upon tis line by fetting a shanply pointed poir of dividera wo tke dimension pre- ‘ional esleulate fo give the required spacing, aad working carefully round the circle till the starting puint is reached again. Uf there should he a seall ceroe at the Gnish, she dvidees wall be adjusted scconliacly, 20 that evernully, and not sithout 3 good deal of trouble, ihe oorcot enekings ae established. ‘New the fill outline of each mortie cam be set oats andthe cots tespondiag,oatines on the hack ofthe eim (where the shanks of the sage will project) are traced round i with a ey-squate, The monies ate dill wd an auger, chen chiseled sith dhe Broadese practicable chisel bearing in aind the raper of che mortises and lee disere- paney will be found ifs good traderen hae bean depnted 10 the tack. See Estey Fig.7. Det ofagewded, Fits" Blani* Cops Cog “blanks” are sawn from » heavy alank, preferably apple- ‘wood, which muse have heen felled over nine year (ur the cogs ll -eventdlly shrink), and the shanks ofthe cogs ate accra saw tc shape. All he cogs are d:ivan into thc moriscs up tothe Svoulder: ‘with a heavy mulle; and any cogs found to be slack or easy-Frting, aresceapped and doneagnia. A cing oli now set in the sad, to ne op the 0 endefaces ofall the eng and give ther dels tue bread (oe Fig, 7). <2 sponte att Tear Git ae ee eis Hig. n Bol of egal nding the Conretines “The sequited dope ofthe eogs ie war marke on thei end with a sbing to while the whee fs tuned; and they wll thea be a off accurdingly, leaving only the contact urfzees or flonks of the cogs robe Echioned by desribing the reyisteoutine oF proile on the end of euch coy i readings for cheng off. For this purpose the *pitch-tine® and the “deupine" are exgraved on dhe eas ofall the eng (Fig, 2) by gauge’ fad in the stnd. "The pizhine fs explained in most reckanies’ Kandbwoiots and in the eaze of a spur whee] an! pinion, the piteb-iaes or circles in dae tev wher: 10 be reshed ace proportional ia diawetee 10 the tespective aumber of ng and they touch at th “ine of cenees” as shown in Fig 7, Shaping the Const Sutfss ‘The verges of the ipso: fazes of dhe eng, on a spur-vbee, can be inceribod with a try syuare, since tne butt of the 103 will rest sgearely on th ends of ihe enge: bacon a bevel wher, these aze om a curved plane or foutust aad the margin of several cogs must be fstabliched by steking off opposing sacs from the earrepondiog comers of te or thee tense cops, sa that they incerscct car the ger edge ofthe frustaur, ‘This will locate de ontine of te Eom madiar ee a 8909, but 10 ace eepeatingall round che whe, the djustbleseebing ar (H. an6) set stats en pla es pon the shoulders of two oogs, whilst ics canta arm is lined up with the marked edge ofthe interrnediate ey thus exbling hs marking to be vonstinity reperenced, [Now she surplus wood cam be sin aun, leaving the Hanks eo be ‘wired down wo an eee curvature wih a broud gouging clive for the inner fink if this i eorcawe, acl 2 plain one lor the outer “ce ‘These chisels Vynuld be extremely ksenvedged erase he wood is hard and they muse cun suv ad parallel withthe outline across the ‘read f heeng, a dhe work wil be ruined and these eals= smn can fashion pracy perferae1of evel cogs withour plot ling the pele of their small or inner ert trusting the Ae 10 cut an evenly rpenelsutlane Sram end ro end,