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LMaryAnn x>einedie (J)ecorati]/ec47t Qoueftioru STIRLING AND FRANCINE CLAR1C ART INSTITUTE L1BRART KNITTING: HOW TO KNIT AND WHAT TO KNIT. WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. COMPILED AND EDITED BY MARIE LOUiSE KERZMAN. PUBLISHED BY HE^n?,"y B I S T O"W, IR, BROOKLYN, N. Y. Entered according to Act of Congress,in the year 18S4, By HENRY BRISTOW, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress,Washington,D.C. «*HOW TO KNIT.** •o-^o. The necessary materials for knitting are either cotton, worsted, silk or thread, and knitting needles. Stockings and all knittingworked in rounds require four knitting needles, three of which are used for holding the stitches of the work, and the fourth to knit with. The casting on of stitchesforms the beginning of knitting. It consists of loops formed around a knitting needle. Every loop will form a stitch. The number of stitches will determine the width of the object which is to be knitted. There are five different ways of casting on stitches. For the casting on of stitches always unroll an end of the cotton long enough to work the stitches required, as this end is used in the formation of those stitches. — No. 1. Illustration No. 1 shows the position of the cotton, ready to cast on the first stitch. Place the cotton over the thumb and first finger of the left hand, in such a way as to have the end of cotton, which must be sufficiently long forthe requirednumberof stitches, fall from the thumb toward the palm of the hand. Hold this end and the other part of the cotton with the remaining No.1. Position to form thk fingers of the left hand. This same firstCast on Stitch position of the cotton is used in illustrations 2 and 3. Take the needle with the right hand, place it over the cotton, between the thumb and the first finger, pass it under the cotton restingaround the thumb, bring it upward then pass ; the needle downward, under the cotton resting on the first finger pass this loop through the loop around the thumb, ; withdraw the thumb from the loop pass the thumb under ; the end of the cotton, toward the palm ofthe hand drawthis ; end in order to close tli^ stitch just formed. — — Xo. 2 Casting on ofSingle Stitches. Begin in the same manner as described in Xo. 1. and make 2 stitches. Then take up on the needle the loop which is around the thumb (see illustration 2), without withdrawing the thumb, insert the needle around the cotton marked o in illustration Xo. 2, from right to left, and draw it through loop a; close this stitch as already directed in Xo. 1, by withdrawing the thumb from loop a and drawing the end of cotton. No.2. CastingonofSingleStitches. No.3. Casting on by Knitting. — Xo. 3. This casting on of stitches requires two needles. Form the first stitch in same manner as described in Xo. 1. Then, with the left hand, hold the needle on which this first -Mich is formed, pass the cotton over thefirst finger of the left band, take a needle with the right hand, and insert the point into the loop on the left needle, wind the cotton around the P'-int of the right needle, draw it through theloop, *insert the point of the h-ft needle into the loop just formed on the right needle, wind the cotton around the point of the right needle, draw it through the loop. Repeat from *. See illustration 3. No. i Thi Casting on ofa New Row ofStitches. This casting on of stitches is generally employed in knitting with rated, which requires :i new casting on of stitches in the progress of the work, h is done by putting the worsted (see illustration No. 4) over the thumb of the Left hand, holding 'I nd between the second and third fingers, * take up the rted around the thumb and lying toward the palm of the hand, bj inserting the needle from under the worsted in an upward direction (see illustration No. w ithdraw the thumb 1 1, from tli" loop, pasa the thumb nnder the end of worsted resl — ing in the palm of the hand, and draw it to close the stitch. Hepeat from * No.4. >"ewCasting onof Stitches. No-5- Casting on of Stitches leaving an Edge. — Xo. 5. The casting on of stitches illustrated in cut No. 5 forms anarrow border after the first rowhas been knitted. In order toeasilyknit the firstrow, the casting onof stitchesmust be done on a pair of knitting needles. Unroll an end long enoughfor the required number of stitches. Double it. Fold this doubled end in half, insert the point of the needles into the fold, place on the first finger of the left hand the longend of the worsted which is among the short ends. Place the three short ends over the thumb. Hold all these ends with the second finger. Take on the needles the ends resting on the thumb(marked b in illustration), and insert themasshown in illustration Xo. 5. Then pass the needles through the loop on first finger, in the direction of the arrow, and pass this loop through the loop already formed on the needles, withdraw the thumb, close the stitch by drawing the three ends, which is done by passing the thumb under them. — Xo. 6 Double Casting on of Stitches. The difference between this method of casting on and the preceding is, that every knot forms, each time, two loops instead of one, on the needle. The first knot must be formed in the same manner a- described in Xo. 5. In order to work the second knot, insert once more the needle into the loop of three ends which 6 rest on the thumb, marked a in illustration No. 6. The arrow, in same illustration, shows where to insert the needle and the direction it has totake. This done, insert the needle downward into loop b, and draw the latter through loop resting on the thumb, withdraw the thumb and close the knot. Every loop on tlie needle must be knitted sepa- rately at the lirst row. No.6. CastingonofDoubleStitches.. *WHAT TO KNIT> Cut No. 7 illustrates plain knitting. This is the stitch ifiHT.-illy used in ordinary knitting. First, cast on the required numberofstitches in one of the ways already described. This done, take in the left hand the needle on which are the loops. place the thread over the first finger of the left hand, holditwith he Becond finger of the samehand, i 4m Take the second needle with the righl hand, insert its point into the stitch, in :in up ward direction, and i lirou i M e No.7. Plain Knittino thread aroundl the righl hand i die, from righl to left. Draw it through. the preceding loopand slip the l«*fi hand needle from its loop. Bverj loop on the leff hand needle is worked in the same manner. When all the stitches have I worked from the lefl hand needle, take thai needle in the righl hand and continue t<• work in same manner. To Pearl, Purlor Seam(meaning the same thing), is done by holding with the left hand a needle on which a row of stitches has been cast. Take a needle in the right hand, place the cotton over ^^(^£^^^^^%g^^_. tne left hand needle and the ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ first finger of the left hand, hold ||||p : ||§g the end with the second linger of ^^^^^^^^^^^^^P the same hand. Insert the right ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ hand needle ^S through the loop ^^^^^^^M^^ on the left hand needle, point no.8. pcrled knitting. right to left, in such a manner as to have the cotton just underthe righthand needle. Pull this cotton through the loop, withdraw the left hand needle from the loop, and the purled stitch is formed. How to Repair a Stitch which lias been HalfKnitted, or — DroppedwhileKnitting. Inknitting, one ought to be careful not to drop stitches or to form half stitches. The latter hap- pens when the thread thrown over the right hand needle has notbeen pulled through the loop of the left hand needle. To remedy this, while working the next round or row, take the thread which has been thrown over the needle from it, and pull it through the loop of the stitch. To repair a dropped stitch, insert the left needle into the stitch, gather all the threads on the right hand needle and pull them through the loop of the stitch, one after the other. — To Increase. There are two ways to increase. The first is, to knit both in the lower part of the stitch and also in the stitch itself. The second way is to bring the cotton forward round the end of the right needle, to the front this forms a ; loop on the right needle when the next stitch is knitted, and this extra loop is the made stitch. It is preferable to increase after the first mannerin plain knitting, as this way of increas- ing is not so marked. The second manner is used in fancy knitting, as it leaves alittle opening after the stitchis formed. To Slip a Stitch is to take a stitch off the left needle and to slip it on to the right needle without knitting. With any work knitted in rows, it is necessary that the first stitch of every row be worked as a slipped stitch. If it is a row of purl, the first stitch must be slipped off as if it were plain knitting if it is a row of plain knitting, slip the ; first stitch off as if it were purl knitting. : — How to Narrow. The usual way of narrowing is to knit two stitches together, viz. put the right needle through two : of the loops on the left needle, and knit them as one stitch. Another method is to slip a stitch, knit one, and then with he left needle cast the slipped stitch over the knitted stitch. i When the narrowing is used to give a certain shape to the work, it is well to employ the first method when narrowing at the end of the round or row and the second method when ; narrowing at the beginning of it. Casting Offis done as follows : Knit two plain stitches, with the left needle throw the first stitch over the second, knit a third stitch, throw the second over the third, knit a fourth, throw the third over the fourth, and so on until the last stitch is worked. Pull the cotton through, and a knot is formed. The Joining ofEnds in knitting ought never to be done by knotting them together. It maybe done so that no defect is visible on the right side of the work, bylapping them three indies together, and knitting five inches with doubled thread, Leaving the ends on the wrong side of the work. These ends ran then be neatly darned into the wrong side of the work. Lady's Stocking. To knit a stocking, attention must be given to the size of tin- knitting needles, which ought to correspond with the number of the material with which the stocking is to be knitted. It would be difficult to give the exact number of stitches necessary for any given size of stocking, as there is always ;i difference between the knitting of different persons, since some knil loosely, others very closely. It must be left to the judgment of the knitter to determine the exact number ofstitches required for the Btocking i<> be knitted. Tie- following Is ihe method of knitting a lady's stocking with No. 800 knitting silk (or any other material of same si/.ei, with needles t" correspond. This Btocking is knitted, withadouble border, as follows I t on ifi2 stitch,.s on :: q lies. After having cast on tie- last stitch, close the round by knitting the first stitch o||. Knit I i '"iihIs plaj n.