Keys to the genera and species of blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of America north of Mexico

2006·23.3 MB·

by  Terry Whitworth

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
108(3), 2006, pp. 689-725
KEYS TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF BLOW FLIES (DIPTERA:
CALLIPHORIDAE) OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO
TERRY WHITWORTH
2533 Inter Avenue, Puyallup, WA 98372, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected])
Abstract.4A Key separating Calliphoridae from similar Diptera families in North
America is given. Keys to 17 genera and 54 species of North American calliphorids
north of Mexico are provided. The distribution and key characters for each species
are discussed and 100 illustrations are included. Calliphora montana Shannon is
redescribed.
Key Words: Calliphoridae, Diptera, genera, keys, North America, species
The most recent revision of North genus Melanomya Rondani. Later
American blow flies was by Hall (1948); Downes (1986) revised species he had
however, Hall9s keys have proven to be placed within Me/anomya describing one
difficult to use because of his heavy new species. Shewell (1987) resurrected
reliance on proportional measurements Angioneura and Opsodexia as genera.
of characters and the fact that he Dear9s (1985) revision of the New World
measured no more than five to ten Chrysomyini resulted in Paralucilia
specimens per species. He also chose wheeleri (Hough) being synonymized
specimens representing size extremes with Compsomyiops callipes Bigot, and
rather than <8average= individuals (Sab- Chloroprocta fuscanipennis (Macquart)
rosky et al. 1989). Subsequently, James with C. idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy).
(1953, 1955) and Hall and Townsend Sabrosky et al. (1989) revised the
(1977) provided revised keys, which genus Protocalliphora Hough in North
clarified the identification of regionally America and described 15 new species.
selected species. James addressed the Subsequently, Whitworth (2002, 2003a)
western species of blow flies, while Hall described9 three additional= <species:
and Townsend provided keys to blow Rognes (1985) synonymized the North
flies found in Virginia. Shewell (1987) American Protocalliphora hirudo (Shan-
provided a key to the genera of North non and Dobrosky) and the Palearctic
American calliphorids, but did not key Trypocalliphora lindneri Peus with Try-
species. Rognes (1991) reviewed Palearc- pocalliphora braueri (Hendel). Sabrosky
tic and Holarctic species and recom- et al. (1989) agreed with this, but reduced
mended numerous changes in blow fly Trypocalliphora Peus to a subgenus of
taxonomy. Many of his name changes Protocalliphora. Whitworth (2003b) re-
affected taxa found in North America. evaluated the status of 7rypocalliphora
Downes (1965) reduced the North and agreed with Rognes (1985) that it
American genera Angioneura Brauer should be a separate genus.
and Bergenstamm and Opsodexia Town- Rognes (1991) combined Hall9s (1948)
send to subgenera under the Palearctic tribes Phormiini and Chrysomyini under
690 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
the subfamily Chrysomyinae. Rognes of my sources for specimens is under
(1991) also proposed the following syn- acknowledgments.
onymies: Boreellus Aldrich and Shannon Characters used in my keys are usually
= Protophormia Townsend (Chrysomyi- visible with the aid of a quality stereo-
nae); Phaenicia Robineau-Desvoidy, Bu- microscope and a good light. An ocular
folucilia Townsend, and Francilia Shan- micrometer will assist in making pro-
non =~ Lucilia Robineau-Desvoidy portional measurements. It should be
(Luciliinae); Acrophaga Brauer and Ber- noted that fiberoptic lights tend to <wash
genstamm, Acronesia Hall, Aldrichina out= colors, such as yellow and orange,
Townsend, and Eucalliphora Townsend so workers using incandescent lights
= Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy and should consider that when interpreting
Bellardia agilis (Meigen) = B. vulgaris color characters. Some specimens need
(Robineau-Desvoidy) 4 (Calliphorinae). to be relaxed to reveal certain characters.
He disagreed with Shewell9s (1987) re- Flies were relaxed over wet sand in
vival of the genus Acrophaga which shallow plastic containers with tight-
Zumpt (1956) had synonymized with fitting lids. Most specimens were suffi-
Calliphora. Shewell had included three ciently relaxed after 48 hours in a relax-
species in this genus, genarum, stelviana ing chamber so they could be handled
without damage. Those left too long in
and the Palearctic suwbalpina. Rognes
(1991) retained these species in Calli- the relaxing chamber were susceptible to
mold or rot and could be ruined. If
phora. He followed Shewell (1987) in
removed too soon, they were brittle and
retaining Angioneura and Opsodexia
prone to breakage. Older specimens
(Melanomylinae) as genera. Thus Mela-
often had to be relaxed longer before
nomya is a Palearctic genus that does not
they could be manipulated safely. The
occur in North America. Angioneura 1s
shape of the male genitalia proved useful
a Holarctic genus represented by five
to confirm species when external char-
species in North America while Opso-
acters were not distinctive. Male cerci
dexia is a Nearctic genus with four
and surstyli were drawn into view
species in North America. I have
following techniques described by Hall
adopted all of Rognes9 (1991) changes.
(1948). I encountered problems using
Recently, interest in blow flies has
a bent insect pin, as recommended by
increased, along with studies in forensic
Hall, because it tended to flex and
entomology. Smith (1986) published keys
sometimes would snap off the genitalia,
to adult blow flies of Britain while
damaging them. I had better results
Greenberg and Kunich (2002) provided
exposing genitalia using half of a pair
keys for Oriental, Australian, South
of fine point tweezers bent to a 45-degree
American, and Holarctic species. These
angle. Rognes (1991) has shown that
keys include some species shared with the
female terminalia have characters useful
Nearctic Region, but omit species found
to identify female specimens to species,
only in North America. The lack of any
however I did not rely on them in the
comprehensive species keys for North
keys.
American blow flies prompted this study.
Terminology differences in the calli-
phorid literature can be confusing. For
MATERIALS AND METHODS
North American terminology workers
Specimens for this project were ob- should see the Manual of Nearctic
tained from various entomological col- Diptera (McAlpine 1981), while for
lections throughout North America and European terminology they should refer
my personal collection. A complete list to the Manual of Palearctic Diptera
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 3 691
(Papp and Darvis 1998). I have primarily following convention: macrotrichia are
followed McAlpine (1981) except as larger hairs with nerves and sockets,
noted below. microtrichia are cuticular extensions or
Figs. |-S from Rognes (1991) detail dusting without sockets. Macrotrichia
many of the characters used for blow fly can be described as setae, setulae, hairs,
identification. The names of some char- or bristles. I will avoid the terms hairs
acters vary from common North Amer- and bristles and consider larger macro-
ican usage. The following are equivalent trichia as setae and smaller macrotrichia
terms, with North American terms listed as setulae. The term vestiture sometimes
first: postpronotal lobe = humeral cal- is used to describe patterns of macro-
lus; postpronotal setae = posthumeral trichia. Microtrichia patterns have been
setae (inner and outer); posterior pre- called dusting, pubescence, pollinosity,
sutural supra-alar seta = presutural seta; microtomentum, or microtrichia. For
propleuron = proepisternal depression; purposes of this publication, the term
reclinate orbital seta = _ lateroclinate microtomentum is used to describe this
orbital seta (all are shown in Figs. 1, 2). condition.
Some changes to older terms are as The scientific names used herein fol-
follows with the preferred term listed low Rognes (1991). Where possible,
second: parafrontal = _ fronto-orbital characters used are readily observed with
plate; bucca = genal dilation; third a good microscope and without dissec-
antennal segment = first flagellomere tion. The first character listed in a couplet
(Figs. 3-5); inner and outer forceps = is generally the most distinctive; char-
cerci and surstyli respectively (Figs. 9, acters listed after may not be as reliable
10); and hypopleuron = meron (Fig. 2). or may be more difficult to distinguish.
Some variation will be noted in See Table 1 for a list of species im the
spelling of the following, with the pre- order they are addressed and the names
ferred spelling given second: acrostical = used by Hall (1948). The only synonyms
acrostichal, and intraalar = intra-alar. given are for Hall9s publication. This is
For hyphenated species names such as not a complete list of synonyms for each
terrae-novae, a species of both Calliphora species.
and Protophormia, the hyphen is Partial keys to adult species of Proto-
dropped, as a result of a ruling by the calliphora are provided to be integrated
International Commission on Zoologi- with existing keys in Sabrosky et al.
cal Nomenclature (ICZN 1999, Article (1989). The keys include 3 new species I
3235, 2.29%): have described (Whitworth 2002, 2003a).
Several useful taxonomic characters I also have added revised illustrations
are available on the wings (Fig. 6), and information to assist in the separa-
abdomen (Figs. 7, 8) and_ genitalia tion of species of this genus.
(males Figs. 9, 10, females Figs. 11413). Species keys are not provided for
Important characters which are species Melanodexia, Opsodexia, or Angioneura.
specific are illustrated separately. The Both Hall (1948) and James (1955)
ratio of head to frons widths are used provided species keys for Melanodexia,
throughout keys, see Figs. 23, 24 for how but they are difficult to use and in any
to measure. The average ratio is followed case the genus needs revision, a_ task
by the range and the total number of which is beyond the scope of this study.
specimens measured. Downes (1986) provided keys to species
Historically many terms have been of Opsodexia and Angioneura which are
used to describe the hairs and fine effective (N. Woodley, in litt.), but few
dusting observed in adult flies. I use the specimens were available for this study
692 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
presutural seta greater ampulla lesser ampulla lower calypter
notopleuron upper calypter
presutural area acrostichal setae
dorsocentral setae stem-vein
anepisternal setae
humeral callus
humeral setae
anepisternum \ (c= =) (ezee
transverse suture posthumeral setae
notopleuron presutural seta
notopleural seta humeral setae
prealar seta. intraalar setae numeral callus
mediotergite
postsutural area- supraalar setae anterior spiracle
anatergite
proepisternal la J anepimeron
depression a katatergite
postalar callus. postalar setae proepipsrtoeerpnials tesrentuaem e« . lSA L( 1 IVY phoasltteerrieo r spiracle
scutellum prebasal scutellar seta proepimeral seta }F I/ meral setae
basal scutellar seta j katepimeron
lateral scutellar setae y4y metakatepisternum
subapical scutellar seta proepimeron p Cc}
front coxa
discal scutellar seta apical scutellar seta
katepisternai setae AR Ch
katepisternum
metasternal area 2
inner venical seta
laterociinate orbital seta
ocellar seta
prociinate orbital setae \V sT as outer vertical seta inner vertical seta
outer vertical seta lateroclinate orbital seta
fronto-orbytal plate i postocular setae postocular setae :
i Uh) . Proclinate orbital
ee Wv hyea s scorn A fronto-orbital plate = setae
=a intrapostocular cilia frontal seta
YE frontal vitta
parafacial Scape
first lagellomere genal groove funula pedicel
supravibrissal setulae paratacial
- posigena
vibnssa Ptilinal suture
a genal setae arista
subvibnissal setulae facial ridge
pew genal dilation facial plate
first flagellomere subvibrissal setulae
lower facial margin 4
prementum vibrissa
humeral crossvein
inner vertical seta
outer vertical seta occipital setulae
postocular setae
stem-vein
lateroclinate
orbital seta outs
prociinate orbital setae
ocellar seta
A,+CuA,
CuA,
Figs. 1-6. Calliphora subalpina (Ringdahl, 1931). 1, Dorsal view of thorax. 2, Left lateral view of
thorax. 3, Left lateral view of head. 4, Anterior view of head. 5, Dorsal view of head (from Rognes 1991).
6, Trypocalliphora braueri, dorsal view of wing; inset, portion of costa showing setulae on underside
(from Rognes 1991).
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 3 693
and species keys are therefore not in- Thorax with silky, crinkly, yellowish setae
along with regular dark setae; proe-
cluded.
pisternal depression bare (Fig. 2)......
Calliphoridae, in part (Pollenia)
SEPARATING FAMILIES
Thorax without silky, crinkly, yellowish
Most calliphorids are readily distin- setae along with regular dark setae; proe-
guished from other families by their pisternal depression setose (Fig. 15) or bare
metallic blue, green, or bronze color (Melanodexia).
Scutum with three conspicuous 4 black
and the relatively large size of adults.
stripes on a gray to gold background;
Metallic muscids and tachinids are fre-
dorsum of abdomen checkered dark and
quently found under Calliphoridae in light; notopleuron usually with two large
collections because of these shared char- and two smaller setae. ..... Sarcophagidae
acters. Metallic muscids are readily Scutum without black stripes; dorsum of
abdomen usually not checkered; noto-
separated from calliphorids by the ab-
pleuron usually with only 2 setae (as in
sence of a row of setae on the meron.
Fig. 1 ) (except Trypocalliphora).
Metallic tachinids can be distinguished Coxopleural streak absent. Calli-
by the prominent subscutellum and bare phoridae, in part (Melanomyinae, 2 genera, 9 species)
arista. Coxopleural streak present (Fig. 16). ... 7
Middle of proepisternal depression bare or
The non-metallic calliphorid genus
with a few sparse setae; posterior thoracic
Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy is common
spiracle small.-= . . Soe seas eaee el =
in North America. It can be recognized . Calliphoridae in part (Melanodexia, 8 species)
by a row of setae on the meron and an Middle of proepisternal depression setose
abundance of silky, crinkly hairs on the (Fig. 15), posterior thoracic spiracle larger (as
in Fig. 16)... .... Rhinophoridae (Bezzimyia),
thorax. Other non-metallic calliphorids
and some Sarcophagidae (Miltogramminae)
include the relatively rare Angioneura,
Opsodexia, and Melanodexia which are
more or less dull colored. Characters Key To SUBFAMILIES AND GENERA
provided in the key should distinguish OF CALLIPHORIDAE
these genera. Non-metallic calliphorids
Basal section of stem vein setose above
are often found in collections with (Hicao (ehrysomyimnac eee eee 2
similar looking muscids, sarcophagids, Basal section of stem vein bare above
and tachinids. (Biss NA) Oe eo Gees oe ge en a 9
Greater ampulla with stiff erect setae
Nw
Key TO SEPARATE CALLIPHORIDS FROM (Fig. 17); dorsum of first and second
abdominal tergites black, posterior margins
SIMILAR FAMILIES
of abdominal tergites 3 and 4_ black
1. Meron without row of setae, sometimes (Fig. 18). Chrysomya (2 spp.)
scattered weak setulae. Greater ampulla bare or with fine, short
.... Muscidae, Anthomyidae, Scathophagidae setulae (Fig. 2); color pattern not as above. 3
4 Meron with distinct row of setae (Figs. 2, Genal dilation yellow or orange with
IG) Reese aR RE Scene Pee ne ero See No mostly yellow setae; head with predomi-
2. Subscutellum strongly developed; arista nantly yellow vestiture; posterior margin of
often bare (not in Dexiini and some other hindicoxassctOScsmeieie nenweaen e e 4
taxa). Tachinidae Genal dilation usually black with dark
4 Subscutellum absent or weak; arista usually setae; head with predominantly black
setose (Fig. 3) [except Angioneura and most vestiture; posterior margin of hind coxa
Miltogramminae (Sarcophagidae)]. ..... 3 baneror withinweake setulacisi iene 6
Abdomen, and usually thorax, shining Mesonotum without distinct dark vittae:
ios)
metallic blue, green, cr bronze luster, lower calypter bare (as in Fig. 14); wing
sometimes with darker vittae (e.g., Cochlio- clouded along C (Fig. 19); parafacial bare;
myia). most Calliphoridae cerci, surstyli and other characters illustrat-
4 Abdomen and thorax dull gray, brown, or ed in Dear (1985: figs. 7-11); tropical, rare
black, never shining metallic.......... 4 in Texas. Chloroprocta (1 sp.)
694 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
sT1
T1+2
marginal abdominal setae a8 aspbidroamcilne al
4-discal abdominal setae epandrium
if TST7+8
cercus
surstylus
bacilliform sclerite
in \ Mitrrrgcenmercee# &
spsq rg
tg 7
ie humeral
callus
epipret
cerc 11
anterior
tegula basicosta costa thoracic
spiracle
posterior spiracle
proepisternal
haltere base
depression
abdomen
greater upper
ampulla calypter lower calypter 47
°
coxopleural % meral setae
streak 16
Figs. 7-17. 7-8, Pollenia rudis. 7, Dorsal view of abdomen. 8, Ventral view of abdomen (from Rognes
1991). 9-10, Lucilia magnicornis, male postabdomen. 9, Posterior view. 10, Left lateral view (from Rognes
1991). 11-13, Calliphora stelviana, female postabdomen. 11, Dorsal view. 12, Ventral view. 13, Left lateral
view (from Shewell 1987). cere = cercus; epipret = epiproct; hypret = hypoproct; spr = spiracle; st =
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 3 695
Mesonotum with distinct dark vittae; lower abdomen bronze-green; frons to head ratio
calypter with upper half setose; wing not 0.22 (0.2140.25/25) (see Fig. 24 for how to
clouded along C (Fig. 6); parafacial with measure). Puparia appear bare, with sparse
pale or dark setulae (may be inconspicu- spines; prothoracic fringe absent; larvae are
OlIS) Segoe. eee Se ad « SE 5 obligate subcutaneous parasites of nestling
Setae on posterior margin of hind coxa TSE. ces sents hs a Trypocalliphora (1 sp.)
pale: palp filiform (Fig. 20); calypter whit- Two notopleural setae (as in Fig. 1); calyp-
ish; Bend in M closer to wing margin than ter usually whitish, if brown, other char-
dm-cu crossvein (as in Fig. 42). Three acters vary; male frons usually broader,
species, one widespread (C. macellaria). . . fronto-orbital plates well separated, frons at
Sea dopeleok ayssee ee fia toe a 6 Cochliomyia (4 spp.) narrowest 0.06 or more head width (0.064
Setae on posterior margin of hind coxa 0.16, one species 0.34), surstylus, cercus, and
long and dark; palp clavate (as in Fig. 3); aedeagus variable. Female, with laterocli-
calypter brown; bend in M closer to dm-cu nate orbital setae present (Figs. 345); thorax
crossvein or about equal distance between bluish (female Protocalliphora aenea and
crossvein and wing margin (as in Fig. 44). some P. interrupta have an aeneous thorax);
Found primarily in the southwestern frons to head ratio 0.24 or more (0.2540.35).
Compsomyiops (callipes)(1 spp.) Puparia usually heavily spined; distinct
Presutural acrostichal seta weak or absent; prothoracic fringe (2504800 ut in diameter);
upper calypter with black setae; body normally an ectoparasite, sometimes
metallic, shining very dark blue green found in nestling nares, ears, or at the
Without microtmehia.,.. sav.2 .wes a.eae u « base of feather sheaths of nesting
4 ae ean Routt on: ROE Protophormia (2 spp.) birds® =e eee ehOLocdlliphnoral(2&8ispp»)
Presutural acrostichal seta moderate to 9. Middle of proepisternal depression bare, or
strong; upper calypter bare or with pale if setose, then body dull black, subshining,
setae (Fig. 21); body metallic with whitish Nowmetallicibiucionercentr stem 10
MUCKOLOMICEUMM sarCeees Ge ee 7 4 Miiddle of proepisternal depression setose
Two postsutural intra-alar setae; anterior (Fig. 15); body shining metallic blue green,
thoracic spiracle with bright orange setae; or bronze, sheen sometimes dulled by
anterior acrostichal seta moderate; scutum (PMC ONS MWIIN, oocno scons oasodsee 13
convex centrally. Scavenger species, not 10. Gena usually half height of eye or more
PALASItIGweeortwk aecoee e Phormia (1 sp.) (Fig. 25); coxopleural streak present (as in
Three or four postsutural intra-alar setae; Fig. 16); parafacial setose to lower eye
anterior thoracic spiracle usually with white margin; facial carina usually 4 present
to dark brown setae; anterior acrostichal (mice 6) sollentna cin ieee eeea es 11
seta strong; scutum often more or less 4 Gena about one fourth height of eye
flattened centrally. Obligate parasites of (Fig. 27); coxopleural streak absent; paraf-
Mes ulmMmomoIMNASepem merce ce sha seca oe 8 acial bare on lower half or more; facial
One or more accessory notopleural setae carina absent. Melanomyinae ........ 12
between the usual anterior and posterior 11. Thorax with long, crinkly yellowish setae;
notopleural seta (Fig. 22 ); calypter yellow- preapical posterodorsal seta on hind tibia
ish to brown; frons of male narrow, at absentsonweake jee eee Pollenia (6 spp.)
narrowest 0.05 (0.0440.07/25) head width 4 Thorax without long, crinkly yellowish
(see Fig. 23 for how to measure); fronto- setae; preapical posterodorsal seta on hind
orbital plates touching, or nearly so; tibia present, almost as long as preapical
surstylus, cercus, and aedeagus distinctive dorsal seta (Fig. 28). .. Melanodexia (8 spp.)
(See Figs. in Sabrosky et al. 1989: 272, 273). 12. Arista plumose (as in Fig. 27). Apical
Female lateroclinate orbital setae absent scutellansetacslonyo(Bicm29) sae any een
(see Figs. 3-5 for location); thorax & RE nT NS, is, Caos eke Opsodexia (4 spp.)
sternite; tg = tergite.14, Lucilia sericata, dorsal view of wing base showing suprasquamal ridge (spsq rg)
(from Shewell 1987). 15, Diagrammatic left lateral view of anterior portion of thorax, showing setose
proepisternal depression. 16, Lucilia coeruleiviridis, left lateral view of posterior thoracic spiracle and
coxopleural streak. 17, Chrysomya rufifacies, left lateral view of wing base showing setose greater ampulla.
696 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
S
BpeS Son
FETT NSNS)
; OS \y
humeral callus
anterior notopleural
accessory notopleural
posterior notopleural
22
44 inner vertical seta
lateroclinate orbital seta
outer vertical seta
HW
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 3 697
4 Arista with fine pubescence. Apical scutellar Northern Canada, Alaska or high elevation
setae usually short (Fig. 30). only. Calliphora, in part (2 spp.)
ER PAE cst 5.1 SN A Nn, es Angioneura (5 spp.)
13. Thorax and abdomen shining green, CALLIPHORINAE
blue, or bronze. Suprasquamal ridge This subfamily includes Bellardia, Cal-
with conspicuous cluster of setae near
liphora, Cyanus, and Cynomya. It can be
the base of scutellum (Fig. 14); lower
recognized by the following characters:
calypter bare above (Fig. 14). Lucilii-
stem vein bare above; lower calypter
TASS) sehf ees, tar ale aonS ee c Lucilia (11 spp.)
4 Thorax dull, microtomentose; abdomen setose above; proepisternal depression
usually metallic blue with whitish micro- setose; thorax dull, microtomentose;
tomentum. Suprasquamal ridge bare or
abdomen more or less shining blue;
with inconspicuous fine setae (Fig. 31);
suprasquamal ridge bare or with only
lower calypter setose above (Fig. 31). Cal-
a few inconspicuous setae.
liphorinae
14. Bend of M obtuse (as in Fig. 32), curvature
of apical section even; first flagellomere, at Bellardia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863
most, twice the length of pedicel; costa
This Palearctic genus is a recent 1m-
usually setulose below only to junction with
migrant to North America and known
subcosta, as in inset Fig. 6; abdomen blue or
olive green; known only from northeastern only from the northeastern U.S. It was
North America in the Nearctic Region. very rare in my search of collections. The
Jae OG Ed One oR ES Bellardia (2 spp.) genus can be identified by the obtuse
4 Bend of M acute or right angled (Fig. 42), bend in vein M (Fig. 32). The species are
curvature of apical section greatest just
believed to be earthworm parasites. They
beyond bend: first flagellomere more than
are the only North American blow flies
twice length of pedicel; costa usually
setulose below to junction with R1; abdo- which are viviparous (Shewell, 1987).
men bluish. Shewell noted that the terminalia of
15. Upper and lower calypter white........ 16 females are very short; he provided two
4 Upper and lower calypter light to dark
illustrations (figs. 38,39) and he labeled
brown, margin may be white..........
them Bellardia agilis (Meigen) which is
avo aly oes eae Calliphora, in part (11 spp.)
a synonym of B. vulgaris (Robineau-
16. Presutural intra-alar seta absent; abdomen
shining, no microtomentum visible when Desvoidy).
viewed posteriorly. Cynomya (2 spp.)
4 Presutural intra-alar seta present (Fig. 1), Key TO SPECIES OF BELLARDIA
abdomen microtomentose when viewed
1. Upper parafacial with dark brown spots
POSteKIOnl Ae eee = aecdens Ss ee 17
which do not disappear when viewed from
17. Orange basicosta; abdomen elongate, lon-
above: lower calypter evenly darkened,
ger than length of dorsum of thorax; light tan; male genitalia tiny, cercus longer
abdomen with light microtomentum when than surstylus as in Rognes (1991: figs. 79,
viewed from rear. California to Washing- SO) Fa Gmeallltive eos oslo. bees 6 ue aes bayeri
ton, Colorado to Alberta, usually at higher 4 Upper parafacial without spots; lower
CISVALLONS Seya rleneeet ae Cyanus (1 sp.) calypter white, margins yellowish or light
4 Black basicosta; abdomen no longer than tan; male genitalia larger, cercus shorter
dorsum of thorax; abdomen with heavy than surstylus as in Rognes (1991: figs. 68,
microtomentum when viewed from rear. 69); a larger fly. vulgaris
Figs. 18-24. 18, Chrysomya megacephala, dorsal view of abdominal, tergites. 19, Chloroprocta
idioidea, dorsal view of wing (from Shewell 1987). 20, Cochliomyia macellaria, left lateral view of head
(from Shewell 1987). plp = palp; lbl = labellum. 21, Phormia regina, dorsal view of right wing base (from
Shewell 1987). 22, Trypocalliphora braueri, dorsal view of prothorax. 23, Measuring male head to frons
ratio: fw = frons width at narrowest; hw = head width at widest. 24, Measuring female head to frons
ratio: fw = frons width at narrowest; hw = head width at narrowest.
698 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Table 1. Species in order they are discussed and Table 1. Continued.
comparison of names used in the current paper
Whitworth (2006) Hall (1948) Page Number
with names used by Hall (1948).
Compsomyiops 4 Paralucilia wheeleri 712
Eel
Whitworth (2006) Hall (1948) Page Number callipes
Phormia regina | Phormia regina a2
CALLIPHORINAE
Protocalliphora 4 Apaulina 712
Bellardia Not included 698
Protophormia Boreellus atriceps ING
bayeri
atriceps
Bellardia Not included 698
Protophormia Protophormia WAT
vulgaris
Calliphora Acronesia alaskensis 700 terraenovae terrae-novae
Trypocalliphora 4A paulina hirudo 718
alaskensis
braueri
Calliphora Acronesia aldrichia 701
LUCILIINAE
aldrichia
Lucilia cluvia Phaenicia cluvia 720
Calliphora Calliphora 701
Lucilia Phaenicia 720
coloradensis coloradensis
coeruleiviridis caeruleiviridis
Calliphora Acronesia collini, 701
Lucilia cuprina4 Phaenicia pallescens 720
genarum A. popoffana
Lucilia elongata Bufolucilia elongata 720
Calliphora Aldrichina grahami 703
Lucilia eximia Phaenicia eximia 720
grahami
Lucilia illustris 4 Lucilia illustris TI
Calliphora Eucalliphora arta, 703
Lucilia Francilia alaskensis 721)
latifrons E. lilaea
magnicornis
Calliphora Calliphora livida 703
Lucilia mexicana Phaenicia mexicana 721
livida
Lucilia sericata Phaenicia sericata 721
Calliphora Calliphora mortica 703
Lucilia silvarum Bufolucilia silvarum 721
loewi
Lucilia thatuna 4 Phaenicia thatuna 721
Calliphora Acronesia montana 703
POLLENIINAE
montana
Melanodexia Melanodexia 721
Calliphora Acronesia abina, 704
Melanodexiopsis
stelviana A. anana
Pollenia Not included 722
Calliphora Calliphora vicina 707
angustigena
vicina
Pollenia Not included 122
Calliphora Calliphora 707
griseotomentosa
terraenovae terrae-novae
Pollenia labialis Not included 123
Calliphora Calliphora vomitoria 707
Pollenia Not included 723
vomitoria
pediculata
Cyanus Cyanus elongata 707
Pollenia rudis Pollenia rudis 723
elongata
Pollenia Not included 723
Cynomya Cynomyopsis 709
vagabunda
cadaverina cadaverina
MELANOMYINAE
Cynomya Cynomya mortuorum, 709
Angioneura Not included 723
mortuorum C. hirta
Opsodexia Not included 123
CHRYSOMYINAE
Chloroprocta Chloroprocta 709
idioidea idioidea
C. fuscanipennis Bellardia bayeri (Jacentkovsky, 1937).
Chrysomya Not included 709 I examined specimens from Strafford
megacephala Co., New Hampshire and Middlesex
Chrysomya Not included 710
Co., Massachusetts. This species has
rufifacies
dark calypters, and if generic characters
Cochliomyia Callitroga aldrichi 710
aldrichi are miussed, it will tend to key 710
Cochliomyia Callitroga americana 710 Calliphora terraenovae.
hominivorax
Bellardia vulgaris (Robineau-Desvoidy,
Cochliomyia Callitroga macellaria G2
1830). I examined a single specimen
macellaria
Cochliomyia Callitroga minima WNP collected from Moorestown, New Jersey.
munima Shewell (1987) reported it only from