Key Topics in Otolaryngology

505 Pages·2019·22.595 MB·English

by  Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Andrew W. McCombe

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Key Topics in Otolaryngology
and Head & Neck Surgery
3rd Edition
Nick Roland, MBChB, MD, FRCS (ORL)
Consultant ENT/Head and Neck Surgeon
University Hospital Aintree
Liverpool, UK;
Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust
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Lancashire, UK eri
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Duncan McRae, MD, FRCS (ORL) e
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Consultant ENT Surgeon g
Colchester General Hospital pyri
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Colchester, UK C
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Andrew W. McCombe, MD, FRCS (ORL) c
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Consultant ENT Surgeon of
City Hospital y
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Dubai Healthcare City; er
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Adjunct Clinical Professor of Surgery ni
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Mohammed Bin Rashid University Medical School y:
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Dubai, UAE d
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58 illustrations
Thieme
Stuttgart • New York • Delhi • Rio de Janeiro
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Important Note: Medicine is an ever-changing science
undergoing continual development. Research and clinical
experience are continually expanding our knowledge,
Names: Roland, N. J., author. | McRae, R. D. R. (Robert
in particular our knowledge of proper treatment and
Duncan Roderick), author. | McCombe, A. W. (Andrew
drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions any dosage
Wightman), author.
or application, readers may rest assured that the authors,
Title: Key topics in otolaryngology / Nick Roland, Duncan editors, and publishers have made every effort to ensure
McRae, Andrew W. McCombe. that such references are in accordance with the state
Other titles: Key topics in otolaryngology and head and of knowledge at the time of production of the book.
neck surgery Nevertheless, this does not involve, imply, or express any
Description: Third edition. | Stuttgart; New York: Thieme, guarantee or responsibility on the part of the publishers with
[2019] | Preceded by Key topics in otolaryngology and respect to any dosage instructions and forms of application
stated in the book. Every user is requested to examine
head and neck surgery / N. J. Roland, R. D. R. McRae,
carefully the manufacturer’s leaflets accompanying each
A. W. McCombe. Second edition. 2001. | Includes
drug and to check, if necessary in consultation with a
bibliographical references and index.
physician or specialist, whether the dosage schedules
Identifiers: LCCN 2018052322 (print) | LCCN 2018053752 mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the
(ebook) | ISBN 9783132406872 (ebook) | ISBN manufacturer differ from the statements made in the present
9783132404779 (softcover: alk. paper) | ISBN book. Such examination is particularly important with drugs
Subjects: | MESH: Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases | that are either rarely used or have been newly released on the
Handbooks market. Every dosage schedule or every form of application al.
Classification: LCC RF56 (ebook) | LCC RF56 (print) | NLM used is entirely at the user’s risk and responsibility. The eri
WV 39 | DDC 617.5/1—dc23 authors and publishers request every user to report to mat
the publishers any discrepancies or inaccuracies noticed.
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018052322 d
Some of the product names, patents, and registered e
designs referred to in this book are in fact registered ght
trademarks or proprietary names, even though specific yri
© 2019 by Georg Thieme Verlag KG reference to this fact is not always made in the text. op
Therefore, the appearance of a name without a designation C
as proprietary is not to be construed as a representation by n.
Thieme Publishers Stuttgart the publisher that it is in the public domain. ga
Rüdigerstrasse 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany chi
+49 [0]711 8931 421, [email protected] Mi
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Thieme Publishers New York sit
333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA er
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[phone], [email protected] Uni
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Thieme Publishers Delhi d
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A-12, Second Floor, Sector-2, Noida-201301 d
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Uttar Pradesh, India o
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[phone], [email protected] w
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Thieme Publishers Rio de Janeiro,
Thieme Publicações Ltda.
Edifício Rodolpho de Paoli, 25º andar
Av. Nilo Peçanha, 50 – Sala 2508
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[phone] / [phone] ® MIX
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Typesetting by DiTech Process Solutions Pvt. Ltd., India
Printed in Germany by CPI Books 5 4 3 2 1 This book, including all parts thereof, is legally protected by
copyright. Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside
the narrow limits set by copyright legislation, without the
ISBN 978-3-13-240477-9
publisher’s consent, is illegal and liable to prosecution. This
applies in particular to photostat or mechanical reproduction,
Also available as an e-book: copying, or duplication of any kind, translating, preparation
eISBN 978-3-13-240687-2 of microfilms, and electronic data processing and storage.
Contents
Preface .................................................................................. x
Contributors ............................................................................ xi
1 Adenoids ............................ 1 14 Consent and Capacity .............. 52
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Kate McCombe
Andrew W. McCombe
15 Cosmetic Surgery .................. 56
2 Age-Associated Hearing Loss ..... 4
Alwyn D’Souza, Kevin Kulendra
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
16 Cough ................................ 62
Andrew W. McCombe
Andrew J. Kinshuck, Jarrod J. Homer
3 Anaesthesia—General .............. 7 al.
17 Day Case ENT Surgery ............. 65 eri
Peter Charters at
m
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
4 Anaesthesia—Local ................. 12 d
Andrew W. McCombe e
ht
Peter Charters g
18 Drooling ............................. 68 yri
p
5 Anaesthesia—Sedation ............. 15 o
Raymond W. Clarke C
Seema Charters, Peter Charters n.
19 Epiglottitis .......................... 69 ga
6 Audit, Quality Improvement chi
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Mi
and Clinical Governance ........... 19 Andrew W. McCombe of
y
Linnea Cheung 20 Epistaxis ............................. 71 sit
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7 Barotrauma ......................... 23 Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, niv
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Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Andrew W. McCombe y:
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Andrew W. McCombe 21 Eponyms in ENT .................... 75 d
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8 Caloric Tests ......................... 26 Christopher Loh, Nick Roland oa
nl
Andrew McCombe, Tony Kay 22 Evidence-Based Medicine ......... 84 ow
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9 Cervical Lymphadenopathy ....... 28 Martin J. Burton
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, 23 Evoked Response Audiometry .... 89
Andrew W. McCombe
Andrew W. McCombe, Tony Kay
10 Cholesteatoma ..................... 36
24 Examination of the Ear ............ 94
Tristram Lesser
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
11 Clinical Assessment of Hearing ... 39 Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, 25 Examination of the Head
Andrew W. McCombe
and Neck ............................ 96
12 Cochlear Implants .................. 42
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew C. Hall, Shakeel R. Saeed Andrew W. McCombe
13 Congenital Hearing Disorders .... 47 26 Examination of the Nose .......... 99
Soumit Dasgupta Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
v
Contents
27 Examinations in ENT ............... 101 41 Impedance Audiometry ........... 167
Andrew C. Swift Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
28 External Ear Conditions ............ 106
42 Labyrinthitis ........................ 170
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
29 Facial Nerve Palsy .................. 109
43 Laryngeal Carcinoma .............. 173
Samuel C. Leong
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
30 Fistula ............................... 114
Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
44 Laryngectomy ...................... 178
Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
31 Foreign Bodies in ENT .............. 118
Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
45 Lasers in ENT ........................ 182
Andrew W. McCombe al.
Mike Dilkes eri
32 Functional Endoscopic Sinus at
m
Surgery .............................. 122 46 Literature Review d
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, and Statistics ....................... 187 ghte
Andrew W. McCombe Vinidh Paleri yri
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33 Globus Pharyngeus ................ 126 47 Mastoid Surgery .................... 198 n. C
a
Jarrod J. Homer Tristram Lesser g
hi
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34 Halitosis ............................. 129 48 Medicolegal Aspects Mi
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, of ENT ................................ 202 y of
Andrew W. McCombe Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, ersit
v
35 Headache and Facial Pain ......... 132 Andrew W. McCombe Uni
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, 49 Ménière’s Disease .................. 205 by:
Andrew W. McCombe Don McFerran ed
d
a
36 Hearing Aids ........................ 137 50 Nasal Reconstruction .............. 210 nlo
w
Angeles Espeso Tim Woolford Do
37 Hearing Loss—Acquired ............ 141 51 Nasal Trauma ....................... 213
Simon Lloyd Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
38 HIV in Otolaryngology ............. 147 Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, 52 Nasopharyngeal Tumours ......... 216
Andrew W. McCombe Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
39 Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma ...... 150 Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, 53 Neck Dissection .................... 220
Andrew W. McCombe Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
40 Imaging in ENT ..................... 154 Andrew W. McCombe
Rebecca Hanlon 54 Neck Swellings ...................... 224
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
vi
Contents
55 Neck Space Infection ............... 230 68 Otorrhoea ........................... 280
Paul Pracy Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
56 Neck Trauma ........................ 236
69 Otosclerosis ......................... 282
Johannes Fagan
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
57 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss ....... 241
Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
70 Ototoxicity .......................... 286
Andrew W. McCombe
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
58 Non-Healing Nasal
Andrew W. McCombe
Granulomata ........................ 244
71 Paediatric Airway Problems ....... 289
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe Raymond W. Clarke
59 Non-Organic Hearing Loss ........ 249 72 Paediatric Endoscopy .............. 292
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Raymond W. Clarke al.
Andrew W. McCombe 73 Paediatric Genetic Syndromes ateri
m
60 Nutrition in Head and and Associations ................... 295 d
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Neck Cancer ......................... 250 Raymond W. Clarke ght
Bella Talwar, Rachel Donnelly, 74 Paediatric Hearing Assessment ... 297 opyri
Rachel Skelly, Muriel Donaldson C
Soumit Dasgupta n.
61 Oral Cavity Carcinoma ............. 258 ga
75 Paediatric Nasal Obstruction ...... 301 hi
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Mic
Andrew W. McCombe Raymond W. Clarke of
y
62 Oral Lesions ......................... 262 76 Papilloma of the Larynx ........... 304 sit
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Richard Shaw Christopher Loh niv
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63 Oropharyngeal Carcinoma ........ 265 77 Parathyroid Disease ................ 306 y:
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Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, M. Shahed Quraishi ed
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Andrew W. McCombe 78 Perilymph and Labyrinthine oa
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64 Otalgia ............................... 270 Fistula ............................... 312 ow
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Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Don McFerran
Andrew W. McCombe
79 Pharyngeal Pouch .................. 316
65 Otitis Externa ....................... 272
Christopher Loh
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
80 Pure-Tone Audiometry ............. 319
Andrew W. McCombe
Andrew W. McCombe, Tony Kay
66 Otitis Media with Effusion ......... 275
81 Radiotherapy and
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Chemotherapy for Head and
Andrew W. McCombe
Neck Cancer ......................... 323
67 Otoacoustic Emissions ............. 278
Christopher Nutting
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
vii
Contents
82 Reconstructive Surgery ............ 328 95 Septal Perforation ................ 369
Nick Roland, Simon Rogers Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
83 Rhinitis—Allergic ................... 332
96 Sinonasal Tumours ............... 372
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe Andrew C. Swift
84 Rhinitis—Non-Allergic .............. 335 97 Skin Cancer—Melanoma ......... 379
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe Andrew W. McCombe
85 Rhinoplasty ......................... 338 98 Skin Cancer—Non-Melanoma .... 383
Tim Woolford Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe
86 Rhinosinusitis—Appropriate
Terminology ........................ 341 99 Smell and Taste Disorders ....... 388
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, al.
Andrew W. McCombe Andrew W. McCombe eri
at
m
87 Rhinosinusitis—Acute .............. 342 100 Snoring and Sleep-Related d
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Breathing Disorder ............... 391 ghte
Andrew W. McCombe Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, yri
p
88 Rhinosinusitis—Chronic Andrew W. McCombe Co
n.
without Nasal Polyps .............. 345 101 Speech and Swallow ga
Rehabilitation Following hi
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Mic
Andrew W. McCombe Head and Neck Surgery .......... 395 of
89 Rhinosinusitis-Chronic Camilla Dawson sity
er
(with Nasal Polyps). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 102 Speech Audiometry .............. 399 v
ni
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Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Andrew McCombe, Tony Kay y:
Andrew W. McCombe 103 Speech and Language Therapy d b
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90 Rhinosinusitis—Complications .... 351 for Benign Voice Disorders ...... 402 oad
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Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Julia Selby w
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Andrew W. McCombe D
104 Stertor and Stridor ............... 405
91 Rhinosinusitis—Fungal ............. 354
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Andrew W. McCombe
Andrew W. McCombe
105 Sudden Hearing Loss ............. 408
92 Robots in ENT/Head and
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Neck Surgery ....................... 356
Andrew W. McCombe
Vinidh Paleri
106 Suppurative Otitis Media—
93 Salivary Gland Diseases ............ 361 Acute ............................... 411
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
Andrew W. McCombe Andrew W. McCombe
94 Salivary Gland Neoplasms ......... 364 107 Suppurative Otitis Media—
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Chronic ............................ 414
Andrew W. McCombe
James Mitchell
viii
Contents
108 Suppurative Otitis Media— 116 Tracheostomy ..................... 449
Complications ..................... 417 Nick Roland, Lesley Dempsey
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, 117 Tympanoplasty .................... 454
Andrew W. McCombe
Tristram Lesser
109 Temporal Bone Cancer ........... 419
118 Tympanosclerosis ................. 457
Jarrod J. Homer
James Mitchell
110 Temporal Bone Fractures ........ 423
119 Vertigo ............................. 459
Simon Freeman
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae,
111 Thyroid Disease—Benign ......... 427 Andrew W. McCombe
Ricard Simo 120 Vestibular Function Tests ........ 463
112 Thyroid Disease—Malignant ..... 432 Andrew W. McCombe, Tony Kay
Ricard Simo 121 Vestibular Schwannoma ......... 467
al.
113 Tinnitus ............................ 440 Shakeel R. Saeed, Andrew C. Hall eri
at
NAnicdkr eRwol aWn.d M, DcCuonmcabne McRae, 122 Vocal Fold Paralysis ............... 471 ed m
Nick Roland, Declan Costello ht
114 Tonsil Disease ..................... 443 123 Voice Disorders ................... 474 pyrig
Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, Co
Andrew W. McCombe Declan Costello n.
a
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115 Tonsillectomy ..................... 446 hi
c
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Nick Roland, Duncan McRae, of
Andrew W. McCombe y
sit
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Index ................................................................................... 479 niv
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ix