Karl Marx: Thoroughly Revised Fifth edition PDF
Preview Karl Marx: Thoroughly Revised Fifth edition
KARL MARX ISAIAH BERLIN WAS BORN IN RIGA, now capital of Latvia, in 1909. When he was six, his family moved to Russia; there in 1917, in Petrograd, he witnessed both revolutions – social democratic and Bolshevik. In 1921 he and his parents came to England, and he was educated at St Paul’s School, London, and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. At Oxford he was a Fellow of All Souls, a Fellow of New College, Professor of Social and Political Theory, and founding President of Wolfson College. He also held the Presidency of the British Academy. In addition to Karl Marx, his main published works are Russian Thinkers, Concepts and Categories, Against the Current, Personal Impressions, The Crooked Timber of Humanity, The Sense of Reality, The Proper Study of Mankind, The Roots of Romanticism, The Power of Ideas, Three Critics of the Enlightenment, Freedom and Its Betrayal, Liberty, The Soviet Mind and Political Ideas in the Romantic Age. As an exponent of the history of ideas he was awarded the Erasmus, Lippincott and Agnelli Prizes; he also received the Jerusalem Prize for his lifelong defence of civil liberties. He died in 1997. Henry Hardy, a Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford, is one of Isaiah Berlin’s Literary Trustees. He has edited (or co-edited) many other books by Berlin, including all those listed above, and is currently working on the fourth and final volume of his selected letters. Terrell Carver is Professor of Political Theory at the University of Bristol. His extensive publications on Marx and Engels include the Oxford Very Short Introduction to Engels, his own translations of Marx’s Later Political Writings, and a thematic reappraisal of Marx’s thought in The Postmodern Marx. For further information about Isaiah Berlin visit ‹http://berlin.wolf.ox.ac.uk/› ALSO BY ISAIAH BERLIN * The Hedgehog and the Fox The Age of Enlightenment Russian Thinkers Concepts and Categories Against the Current Personal Impressions The Crooked Timber of Humanity The Sense of Reality The Proper Study of Mankind The Roots of Romanticism The Power of Ideas Three Critics of the Enlightenment Freedom and Its Betrayal Liberty The Soviet Mind Political Ideas in the Romantic Age with Beata Polanowska-Sygulska Unfinished Dialogue * Flourishing: Letters 1928–1946 Enlightening: Letters 1946–1960 Building: Letters 1960–1975 KARL MARX ISAIAH BERLIN Fifth Edition Edited by Henry Hardy Foreword by Alan Ryan Afterword and Guide to Further Reading by Terrell Carver PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD Published in the United States of America, its territories, dependencies, and the Philippine Islands by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to Permissions, Princeton University Press. press.princeton.edu Copyright Isaiah Berlin 1939, 1948 © Isaiah Berlin 1960, 1963, 1978 © The Isaiah Berlin Literary Trust and Henry Hardy 2013 Foreword © Alan Ryan 1995, 2013 Afterword © Terrell Carver 2007, 2013 Guide to Further Reading © Terrell Carver 2013 Editorial matter © Henry Hardy 2013 First edition published in the Home University Library by Thornton Butterworth 1939 Second Edition published by Oxford University Press 1948 Reprinted with additions 1960 Third edition 1963 Fourth edition 1978 Fifth edition published by Princeton University Press 2013 The moral right of Isaiah Berlin and Henry Hardy to be identified as the author and editor respectively of this work has been asserted. All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Berlin, Isaiah, 1909–1997. Karl Marx / Isaiah Berlin; edited by Henry Hardy; foreword by Alan Ryan; afterword and Guide to Further Reading by Terrell Carver. – Fifth edition. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-691-15650-7 (pbk.: alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-691-15650-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Marx, Karl, 1818–1883. 2. Communists – Biography. I. Hardy, Henry. II. Title. HX39.5.B4 2013 335.4092–dc23 2012051126 [B] British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Garamond Premier Pro Printed on acid-free paper Printed in the United States of America 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 To the memory of Marie and Mendel Berlin CONTENTS Editor’s Preface to the Fifth Edition xi Foreword by Alan Ryan xix Preface to the Fourth Edition xxix Note to the Third Edition xxxiii Note to the First Edition xxxv 1 Introduction 1 2 Childhood and Adolescence 22 3 The Philosophy of ‘The Spirit’ 33 4 The Young Hegelians 57 5 Paris 76 6 Historical Materialism 112 7 1848 149 8 Exile in London: The First Phase 168 9 The International 205 10 ‘The Red Terror Doctor’ 220 11 Last Years 248 Afterword by Terrell Carver 267 Guide to Further Reading by Terrell Carver 291 Index 297
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