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Kaplan & Sadock’s Pocket Handbook of Psychiatric Drug Treatment PDF

447 Pages·2018·2.41 MB·English
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C E ONSULTING DITOR S A , M.D. AMOON HMAD Associate Professor and Attending Physician Department of Psychiatry NYU School of Medicine New York, New York KAPLAN & SADOCK’S POCKET HANDBOOK OF PSYCHIATRIC DRUG TREATMENT Seventh Edition B J. S , M.D. ENJAMIN ADOCK Menas S. Gregory Professor of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine Attending Psychiatrist, Tisch Hospital Attending Psychiatrist, Bellevue Hospital Center New York, New York N S , M.D. ORMAN USSMAN Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine New York, New York V A. S , M.D. IRGINIA ADOCK Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine Attending Psychiatrist, Tisch Hospital Attending Psychiatrist, Bellevue Hospital Center New York, New York Acquisitions Editor: Chris Teja Development Editor: Ashley Fischer Editorial Coordinator: Alexis Pozonsky Marketing Manager: Rachel Mante-Leung Production Project Manager: Bridgett Dougherty Design Coordinator: Teresa Mallon Manufacturing Coordinator: Beth Welsh Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc. 7th edition Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer. © 2014 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business © 2011, 2006, 2001 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected], or via our website at lww.com (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Sadock, Benjamin J., 1933-author. | Sussman, Norman, author. | Sadock, Virginia A., author. Title: Kaplan & Sadock’s pocket handbook of psychiatric drug treatment / Benjamin J. Sadock, Norman Sussman, Virginia A. Sadock. Other titles: Kaplan and Sadock’s pocket handbook of psychiatric drug treatment | Pocket handbook of psychiatric drug treatment Description: Seventh edition. | Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer, [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017055311 | ISBN 9781496389602 Subjects: | MESH: Mental Disorders–drug therapy | Psychotropic Drugs–therapeutic use | Handbooks Classification: LCC RC483 | NLM WM 34 | DDC 616.89/18—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017055311 This work is provided “as is,” and the publisher disclaims any and all warranties, express or implied, including any warranties as to accuracy, comprehensiveness, or currency of the content of this work. This work is no substitute for individual patient assessment based upon healthcare professionals’ examination of each patient and consideration of, among other things, age, weight, gender, current or prior medical conditions, medication history, laboratory data and other factors unique to the patient. The publisher does not provide medical advice or guidance and this work is merely a reference tool. Healthcare professionals, and not the publisher, are solely responsible for the use of this work including all medical judgments and for any resulting diagnosis and treatments. Given continuous, rapid advances in medical science and health information, independent professional verification of medical diagnoses, indications, appropriate pharmaceutical selections and dosages, and treatment options should be made and healthcare professionals should consult a variety of sources. When prescribing medication, healthcare professionals are advised to consult the product information sheet (the manufacturer’s package insert) accompanying each drug to verify, among other things, conditions of use, warnings and side effects and identify any changes in dosage schedule or contraindications, particularly if the medication to be administered is new, infrequently used or has a narrow therapeutic range. To the maximum extent permitted under applicable law, no responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property, as a matter of products liability, negligence law or otherwise, or from any reference to or use by any person of this work. LWW.com Dedicated to our children James and Victoria and to our grandchildren Celia, Emily, Oliver, and Joel B.J.S. V.A.S. Dedicated to my wife Susan and my children Rebecca and Zachary N.S. Preface This is the seventh edition of Kaplan & Sadock’s Pocket Handbook of Psychiatric Drug Treatment, the first of which was published almost 25 years ago. During that time, a revolution in the treatment of mental illness occurred, sparked by the introduction of psychotropic drugs. This book has kept up with that revolution and contains information about every drug used in the treatment of mental illness. It has served the needs of many professionals who provide care for the mentally ill—psychiatrists and nonpsychiatric physicians, psychiatric residents, medical students, clinical psychologists, psychiatric nurses, and others. GOALS OF THIS BOOK This book covers the entire spectrum of psychiatric drug therapy used in the clinical practice of psychiatry. As with each new edition, every section has been updated and revised and new sections added. Many drugs approved by the FDA as treatments for psychiatric disorders have been found to have benefits beyond those recognized at the time of their initial marketing, thus expanding the range of disorders that can be treated. Some have also been found to have unanticipated risks. These developments serve to emphasize the importance of having updated information about drug selection and use that reflects both research data and clinical experience. The goals of this book are to present this information clearly and concisely. ORGANIZATION OF THIS BOOK Following the format of previous editions, whenever possible, we classify drugs according to their pharmacological activity and mechanism of action rather than using such categories as antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers which are overly broad. For example, many antidepressant drugs are used to treat anxiety disorders; some anxiolytics are used to treat depression and bipolar disorders; and drugs from all categories are used to treat other conditions such as eating disorders and impulse control disorders to name but two. This organization is used in textbooks of pharmacology and we believe psychopharmacology should follow that organization as much as possible, given the current state of our knowledge. HOW TO USE THIS BOOK At the beginning of the book, the reader will find a chart (Table A) that lists each and every drug and the chapter in which it is found. In addition, the index lists each drug separately under its generic and brand name and the page number on which it can be found. Each section provides a wealth of data that includes (1) the drug’s chemical name; (2) preparation and dosages; (3) pharmacologic actions including its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics; (4) the indications for use and clinical applications; (5) use in children, elderly persons, and pregnant and nursing women; (6) side effects and adverse and allergic reactions; and (7) drug–drug interactions. NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS We continue to include an updated chapter covering nutritional supplements as well as herb and plant preparations with psychoactive properties because their use is increasing. Many persons medicate themselves with these compounds and while some may be beneficial, no standards of use have been developed; however, many are being evaluated under the auspices of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). Clinicians must be alert to the possibility of adverse effects of these agents in addition to their interactions with prescribed psychotropic medications. DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY We include a chapter on drugs used to treat obesity for two reasons: Many psychotropic drugs influence metabolism in such a way that significant weight gain occurs as a side effect; and obesity, now classified as a disease by the American Medical Association, occurs in conjunction with many psychiatric disorders and psychiatrists have a role to play in its management. MEDICATION-INDUCED MOVEMENT DISORDERS Movement disorders are commonly associated with the use of potent psychotropic medications and for that reason a special chapter has been devoted to this topic. Some movement disorders, such as neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia can be potentially disabling and others such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome can be life threatening. Psychiatrists must know which drugs are associated with these effects and must remain vigilant when these drugs are prescribed. This new section will be very helpful to clinicians in this regard.

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