Kalenjin Nouns and Thjir Classification With Notes on Phonology And A Noun List Appendix

281 Pages·2016·1.37 MB·English

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KALENJIN NOUNS AND THjIR CLASSIFICATION
WITH
NOTES ON PHONOLOGY
AND
A NOUN LIST APPENDIX
fey
Taaitta Toweett, B.A., Hons. B.A. (S.A.)
A thesis in fulfilment for the decree of
University o* NAIROBI Libracy
Master ol Arts 'iiiiJiii^iiiiiiliilllli'lilill
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0548937 2
UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI
in INST. OF AFRICAN STUDIES
LIBRARY.
The University of Nairobi
Date handed in:
1975
II
DECLARATIONS
This thesis is my original work and has not
been presented for a depree in any other University.
TAAITTA TOWEETT
UNIVERSIP' OF NAIROBI
INST. OF AFRICAN STUDIES
LIBRARY.
This thesis has been submitted for examination
with my approval as University Supervisor.
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TUCKER
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
DECLARATIONS II
ABBREVIATIONS VIII
ACKNOWLEDGE*® NTS »XI
KALENJIN SPEAKERS:
a. History XIV
PREFATORY NOTE XVI
NDTFP. ON PHONOT.nC,Y:
A. Vowel System i
Opposition within vowel quality i
Opposition within vowel quantity ii
All round quality opposition iv
Vowel distribution vi
Vowel Category Shift vii
Vowel Category Harmony ix
Vowel Category Resistance x
Uninfluenced Category Difference xii
B. Consonant System xviii
Fricatives xxii
Affricate xxiv
Rolled xx vi
Consonantal Clusters xxvii
C. Orthography xxx
V
Page
CHAPTER
1 NATURE OF NOUNS:
Ncun Divisions 1
Abstract Ptouns 2
Doer-nouns 3
Thing-done Nouns 3
Recipient Nouns U
Proper Nouns U
Nbun-fcrminp Prefixes 5
Noun-forming Affixes 7
Noun Formation 9
Two Singulars and Two Plurals 9
Plural Formation 11
Sex Nouns 12
Common Nouns 12
2 SINGULAR NOUN CLASSES: lU
-et esn suffix 15
-at 19
-it 21
-ta 23
-ut 26
Zero suffixes 28
3 PLURAL NOUN SUFFIXES:
-isya/-isyek suffixes CI. 1.1 30
-osya/-osyek " CI. l.II 31*
-usya/-usyek " CI. 1. Ill 39
-oi/-ok " CI. 2.1 Ul
-onoi/-onok " CI. 2.II U5
VI
Page
CHAPTER
PLURAL NOUN SUFFIXES (continued):
-wa/-wek suffixes CI. 3.1 U8
it
-owa/-owek CI. 3.II 52
-atinwa/-atinwek " CI. 3.Ill 52
ti
-uswa/-uswek CI. 3.IV 53
ii
-an/-anik CI. U.I 5U
-en/-enik •I CI. U.II 55
it
-in/-inik CI. U.III 57
-on/-onik II CI. U.IV 58
-un/-unik II CI. U.v 60
-ai/-aik suffixes CI. 5 61
, NOUN SUFFIXES (continued):
-et/-etik suffixes CI. 6.1 6k
-ot/-otik II CI. 6.II 65
ti
-ut/-utik CI. 6.Ill 66
-u/-uk II CI. 7.1 70
-un/-uk II CI. 7.II 71
-vak/-wakik suffixes CI. 8 72
-e/AVE/-ek suffixes CI. 9.1 7U
ti
TCE/-ek CI. 9.II 75
it
ACE/-ek CI. 9.Ill 77
-i/TVE/-ik suffixes CI.10.I 77
ti
TCE/-ik CI.10.II 78
ACE:-in/-ik CI.10.Ill 80
TCE/-i/-ga suffixes CI, ll(irr. ) 82
Compound Nouns 8U
Plural Noun Classes (Summary) 86
NOUN DERIVATION:
/kee-/infinitives group of verbs 88
/kii-/infinitives " " 89
Verbal Nouns 90
Adjectivel Nouns 96
VII
Page
CHAPTER
PROPER NOUN SEMANTICS: 113
(a) Hunan Names Ilk
1. Time Names Ilk
2. Event Names 115
3. Medicament Names 116
U. Birth-place Names 117
5. Order of Birth Names 117
6. Resuscitated Names 118
7. Borrowed Famous Names 119
8. Nick-names 120
9. Pet Names 120
10. Propitious Names 122
11. Calamitous Fames 122
12. Surnames 122
(b) Place Names 125
(c) Plurals of Proper Names 127
NOUN CASES:
Sentential Noun Order 128
Nominative Suffixes 129
Locative Case 129
Tonal Classification (note) 130
esn Dissyllabic Tonal Behaviour 130
• _ ii ii
isn 132
lpn 13U
ej>n 135
isn Monosyllabic 137
esn 138
ipn 139
eP" 139
Polysyllabics 1^0
A NOUN LIST APPENDIX 151
228
BIBLIOGRAPHY*
VIII
ABBREVIATIONS
A
Abs. Absolute (case).
ACE/A. C.E. Atheiratic Consonantal Ending/s.
Adj. adjective.
A.L.S.V. African Language Studies V.
a.n. adjectivised noun(noun formed from an adj.)
a.p. /ap adjectival phrase.
a. p. e. / ape adjectival phrase of expertness.
AVE/A.V.E. Athematic Vowel Ending/s.
C
C. Consonant
Cf. Compare (Latin = confer).
CI. Class.
cpn. Compound noun.
D
d.a.n. demonstrative adjectivised noun.
D.C. District Commissioner.
E
E.A.L.B. East African Literature Bureau.
e.g. for instance (Latin = exempli gratia).
Eng.
English
epn. exclusive ulural noun/s.
E.S.K.N. English-Svahili-Kalenjin Nouns.
esn. exclusive singular noun/s.
F
Fig. : Figure.
En. Footnote/s.
IX
H
h. : high (tone).
h . : high-falling (tone).
I
i.e. : that is (id est),
imp. : imperative (verb),
inf. : infinitive (verb).
ipn. : inclusive plural noun/s.
irr. : irregular.
isn- : inclusive singular noun/s.
L
1. : low (tone).
N
n.(N) : noun/s.
Nl- : Noun list.
No/s. : Number/s.
Norn. : Nominative (case).
N.O.P. : Notes On Phonology.
P
p./pp. : page/s.
para/s. : paragraph/s.
pers. : person,
pl./plu. : plural,
p.o. : plural only,
pref. : prefix,
prep. : preparation.
X
s
sg./sing. : singular,
s.o. : singular only,
suff. : suffix,
stg. : something.
Sw. : Swahili.
T
TCE. : Thematic Consonantal Fnding/s.
TVE. : Thematic Vowel Ending/s.
V
v. : Verb/Vowel.
v.i. : Verb intransitive.
Vimi. : Verb imperative, intransitive.
Vimt. : Verb imperative, transitive.
Vn. : Verbal noun.
V.t. : Verb transitive.