Kahlil Gibran A Tear and A Smile

831 Pages·2006·2.59 MB·English

“perplexity is the beginning of knowledge…”
Kahlil Gibran
A Tear and A Smile (1950)
STYLIN’! SAMBA JOY VERSUS STRUCTURAL PRECISION
THE SOCCER CASE STUDIES OF BRAZIL AND GERMANY

Dissertation

Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

The Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate

School of The Ohio State University

By

Susan P. Milby, M.A.

* * * * *

The Ohio State University
2006

Dissertation Committee:
Approved by
Professor Melvin Adelman, Adviser

Professor William J. Morgan

Professor Sarah Fields
_______________________________
Adviser
College of Education Graduate Program
Copyright by
Susan P. Milby
2006
ABSTRACT

Soccer playing style has not been addressed in detail in the academic literature, as
playing style has often been dismissed as the aesthetic element of the game. Brief
mention of playing style is considered when discussing national identity and gender.
Through a literature research methodology and detailed study of game situations, this
dissertation addresses a definitive definition of playing style and details the cultural
elements that influence it. A case study analysis of German and Brazilian soccer
exemplifies how cultural elements shape, influence, and intersect with playing style.

Eight signature elements of playing style are determined: tactics, technique, body
image, concept of soccer, values, tradition, ecological and a miscellaneous category.
Each of these elements is then extrapolated for Germany and Brazil, setting up a
comparative binary. Literature analysis further reinforces this contrasting comparison.

Both history of the country and the sport history of the country are necessary
determinants when considering style, as style must be historically situated when being
discussed in order to avoid stereotypification. Historic time lines of significant German
and Brazilian style changes are determined and interpretated. This allows for the
introduction of cultural elements and their historical situating.
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Culture elements that shape soccer style include the history of the country, the history
of soccer within the country, national habitus and national identity, and the impact of
colonialism. Other cultural elements that influence soccer style and are thus examined
include the interpretation of class and politics, race, gender, globalization trends, and
religion. An examination of significant individual that have impacted on the sport is
included, as well as analysis of training philosophies and unique features. Each of these
cultural elements are determined to influence and shape soccer playing style on a
national basis.

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Dedicated to my parents and my sons:
John and Esther Pavelka
Andrew Milby
Robert Milby

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wish to thank my adviser, Dr. Melvin Adelman, for his infinite patience with both
myself and my subject matter. His encouragement and dedication, as well as his loving
guidance, were much appreciated. His arguments were intellectually stimulating, and
his corrections were illuminating. His guidance throughout my many years of this
educational journey was a shining path for me to follow. Without him, my journey
would never have started.

I thank Dr. Jay Martin of Ohio Wesleyan University for the use of much material
(books and films) as well as his insights. His observations and time were very much
appreciated.

I wish to thank my son, Andrew Milby, for his technological assistance.

And lastly, I wish to thank my parents, John and Esther Pavelka, for their unwavering
support and confidence.

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VITA

May 1, 1956 ………………………………………………Born – Columbus, Ohio

August 1977 ………………………………………………B.S. Therapeutic Recreation
Georgetown College

December 1995 ………………………………………….. Teaching Certificate:
Physical Education
The Ohio State University

June 2001 ………………………………………………….M.A. Cultural Studies in
Education
The Ohio State University

1996 to present …………………………………………… physical education and
health teacher
Dublin City Schools
Dublin, Ohio

FIELDS OF STUDY

Major Field: Education
Emphasis: Sport History

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………... ii
Dedication …………………………………………………………………………….. iii
Acknowledgments …………………………………………………………………….. iv
Vita …………………………………………………………………………………….. v

Chapters

1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………. 1

2. Defining Style and its Components ………………………………………... 21

3. Defining Brazilian and German Style: Case Study Analysis ……………… 62

4. A Short History of Brazil and How it Pertains to Soccer ………………… 120

5. A Short History of Germany and How it Pertains to Soccer ……………… 139

6. The Sport History of Brazil ……………………………………………….. 170

7. The Sport History of Germany ……………………………………………. 234

8. Historic Time Line of Style: Brazil and Germany ………………………... 289

9. National Habitus, National Identity and Soccer …………………………... 308

10. Brazil: National Habitus Codes, National Identity and Soccer …………… 325

11. German National Habitus Codes, National Identity and Soccer …………... 350

12. Colonialism and Soccer Style ……………………………………………… 381

13. Class, Politics and Sport …………………………………………………… 400

14. Germany: Class, Politics and Soccer ……………………………………… 409

15. Brazil: Class, Politics and Soccer …………………………………………. 429
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16. Race, Sport and Soccer ……………………………………………………. 457

17. Germany, Race and Soccer ………………………………………………... 465

18. Brazil, Race and Soccer …………………………………………………… 480

19. The Construction of Gender as it Involves Sport and Soccer …………….. 515

20. Germany and Brazil: The Construction of Gender and how it Influences
Soccer and Playing Style …………………………………………………. 527

21. Significant Players: Germany ……………………………………………... 540

22. Significant Players: Brazil ………………………………………………… 561

23. Globalization and Sport …………………………………………………… 584

24. Globalization and Soccer ………………………………………………….. 607

25. The Impact of Globalization on Brazilian and German Soccer …………... 618

26. The Intersection of Sport, Soccer and Religion: Brazil and Germany…….. 637

27. Training Philosophy and Regimens of Germany …………………………. 666

28. Training Philosophy and Regimens of Brazil …………………………….. 693

29. Germany and Unique Cultural Influences on Soccer Style ……………….. 722

30. Unique Cultural Influences on the Brazilian Soccer Game ……………….. 740

31. Conclusions and Further Questions ……………………………………….. 768

Bibliography ………………………………………………………………………... 786
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