Justin and Pompeius Trogus: A Study of the Language of Justin's "Epitome" of Trogus

306 Pages·2003·12.18 MB·English

by  J.C. Yardley

JUSTIN AND POMPEIUS TROGUS:
A STUDY OF THE LANGUAGE OF
JUSTIN'S EPITOME OF TROGUS
PHOENIX
Journal of the Classical Association of Canada
Revue de la Societe canadienne des etudes classiques
Supplementary Volume XLI
Tome supplemental XLI
J.C. YARDLEY
Justin and Pompeius Trogus:
A Study of the Language of
Justin's Epitome of Trogus
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS
Toronto Buffalo London
www.utppublishing.com
University of Toronto Press Incorporated 2003
Toronto Buffalo London
Printed in Canada
ISBN 0-8020-8766-3
Printed on add-free paper
National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Yardley, John, 1942-
Justin and Pompeius Trogus : a study of the language of Justin's
Epitome of Trogus / J.C. Yardley.
(Phoenix supplementary volume ; 41)
Includes index.
ISBN 0-8020-8766-3
I. Justinus, Marcus Junianus. Historiae Philippicae. 2. Trogus,
Pompeius. Historiae Philippicae. 3. Justinus, Marcus Junianus -
Language. 4. Trogus, Pompeius - Language. 5. Greece - History -
Macedonian Expansion, 359-323 B.C. - Historiography. I. Title.
II. Series: Phoenix. Supplementary volume (Toronto, Ont.); 41.
PA6445.J8Y37 2003 938'.07'0922 C2003-901043-0
University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial assistance to its publishing
program of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts Council.
This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Canadian Federation
for the Humanities and Social Sciences, through the Aid to Scholarly Publications
Programme, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council of Canada.
University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial support for its publishing
activities of the Government of Canada through the Book Publishing Industry
Development Program (BPIDP)
Magistris optimis lolo Davies, Gordon Williams, Robin Nisbet
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CONTENTS
PREFACE IX
ABBREVIATIONS xi
INTRODUCTIO N 3
PART 1: POMPEIUS TROGUS 7
1. Trogus, Sallust, and Caesar 9
2. Trogus and Livy 20
3. Trogus (and Justin) and Cicero 79
4. Other Possible Trogan Usages 92
PART 2: JUSTIN 113
5. 'Justinisms' in Justin 116
6. Justin and Pseudo-Quintilian 181
7. Poetic Elements in the Epitome 188
8. Trogus, Justin, and the Law 214
INDEX RERUM ET NOMINUM NOTABILIORUM 223
INDEX JUSTINIANUS 226
INDEX ALIORUM LOCORUM 255
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PREFACE
This book owes its origins more or less to happenstance. Some ten years ago
I embarked upon a translation of Justin's Epitome, and at roughly the same
time the Department of Classics at the University of Ottawa acquired an
Ibycus computer. I decided one day to test the machine by running through
it some phrases that seemed to me unusual or typically 'Justinian/ The
results were startling, so much so that I was still feeding Justin to the
machine many years later. In the first place, I was humbled by the demon-
stration of the feebleness of my grasp of the Latin language: phrases that I
had thought peculiar and more or less restricted to Justin turned out to be
quite commonplace, and others that I had thought 'normal' turned out to be
virtually unparalleled. But another surprise was that within a few pages
certain patterns began to emerge, with a number of authors coming up time
and time again. Those authors were Livy, Apuleius, and the 'Quintilian' of
the so-called Major and Minor Declamations. I presumed that Livy was
prominent because he was contemporaneous with Pompeius Trogus and
probably exerted a strong influence on him, while the other two authors
were perhaps roughly coeval with the epitomator. I did not set out to prove
such hypotheses; the pattern simply emerged, and the results are presented
here. The core of the book is really the two chapters entitled 'Trogus and
Livy' and '"Justinisms" in Justin/ the other chapters being virtually append-
ages to these.
As I note in the text, the loss of so much of Latin literature makes any
comment on 'literary borrowing' a very risky business. But I take the risk,
hoping that this study may provide some stimulus to the study of the 'half-
hidden' text (the phrase belongs to Gian Biaggio Conte) of Trogus, and to a
reappraisal of Justin as a literary-rhetorical figure rather than as the failed
historian he is invariably perceived to be. I have therefore presumed to