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Jungian Psychology in the East and West: Cross-Cultural Perspectives from Japan PDF

215 Pages·2021·3.973 MB·English
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Jungian Psychology in the East and West It is well known that Jung’s investigation of Eastern religions and cultures supplied him with an abundance of cross-cultural comparative material, useful to support his hypotheses of the existence of archetypes, the collective unconscious and other manifestations of psychic reality. However, the specific literature dealing with this aspect has previously been quite scarce. This unique edited collection brings together contributors writing on a range of topics that represent an introduction to the differences between Eastern and Western approaches to Jungian psychology. Readers will discover that one interesting feature of this book is the realization of how much Western Jungians are implicitly or explicitly inspired by Eastern traditions – including Japanese – and, at the same time, how Jungian psychology – the product of a Western author – has been widely accepted and developed by Japanese scholars and clinicians. Scholars and students of Jungian studies will find many new ideas, theories, and practices gravitating around Jungian psychology, generated by the encounter between East and West. Another feature that will be appealing to many readers is that this book may represent an introduction to Japanese philosophy and clinical techniques related to Jungian psychology. Konoyu Nakamura is Professor of Clinical Psychology at Otemon Gakuin University in Osaka, Japan. She is involved in clinical work at her private practice in Kyoto as a Jungian-oriented psychotherapist. She has contributed chapters to several books, including Analytical Psychology in a Changing World: The Search for Self, Identity and Community (2015) and Jungian Perspective on Rebirth and Renewal Phoenix Rising (2017). She was responsible for translating Susan Rowland’s J ung: A Feminist Revision into Japanese (2021). She is a member of the International Association for Jungian Studies and is a member of the Executive Committee of the International Association for Jungian Studies for the 2015–2020 term and she was also Co-Chair of the 2019 IAJS Regional Conference, Osaka, Japan, at Otemon Gakuin University. S tefano Carta is a psychologist and a Jungian analyst graduate at the C.G. Jung Institute in Zurich. He is Professor of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology at the University of Cagliari, Italy, and Honorary Professor at the Department of Psychoanalytic Studies at the University of Essex, UK. He is a member of the International Association of Analytical Psychology and of the Associazione Italiana di Psicologia Analitica (AIPA), of which he was the president for the 2002–2006 term. He has been the representative for Italy at the United Nations’ International Union of Psychological Sciences. He has also been a consultant for UNESCO, for which he has edited a three-volume entry on psychology for the Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. He is the director of the oldest Jungian journal in Italy, The Rivista di Psicologia Analitica, and has been the deputy Europe editor of the J ournal of Analytical Psychology. Jungian Psychology in the East and West Cross-Cultural Perspectives from Japan Edited by Konoyu Nakamura and Stefano Carta F irst published 2021 b y Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN a nd by Routledge 6 05 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 R outledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Konoyu Nakamura and Stefano Carta; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Konoyu Nakamura and Stefano Carta to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book has been requested ISBN: 978-0-367-76689-4 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-76688-7 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-16813-3 (ebk) Typeset in Galliard by Apex CoVantage, LLC Contents List of figures viii Notes on contributors x Introduction xiv KONOYU NAKAMURA Introduction 1 STEFANO CARTA PART 1 East and West 13 1 How can we survive in this Globalized Age? Exploring ego consciousness in the Western and the Japanese psyche 15 MEGUMI YAMA 2 Cultural reflection in Eastern and Western tales of the mirror 26 LYNLEE LYCKBERG 3 East meets West in World War II: implications for Japan’s maternal culture 35 DAVID FISHER 4 The Cultural Father in East-West Psychology 43 ELLY LIN PART 2 Images 51 5 Narcissism and difference: narcissism of minor differences revisited 53 KAZUNORI KONO vi Contents 6 Encountering the other world in Japanese Manga : from Hyakki-yako-zu to pocket monsters 64 KONOYU NAKAMURA 7 Ancient Chinese Hieroglyph: archetype of transformation of Jungian psychology and its clinical implication 75 ADELINA WEI KWAN WONG 8 The conversion of Saint Francis of Assisi: dreams, visions, and his youth 84 JUN KITAYAMA PART 3 Clinical issues 95 9 Intimate relationships between women and men: psychosocial and post-Jungian perspectives 97 ANDREW SAMUELS 1 0 On compassion – a vessel that holds our relationships with others 109 SHOICHI KATO 11 Ensou and tree view therapy: Zen-based psychotherapy from Hisamatsu and Kato theory 118 KOJIRO MIWA 12 Drawings without a tree in response to the Baum test by a patient with refractory chronic schizophrenia: the fundamental individuation process in an affected patient 127 HIMEKA MATSUSHITA PART 4 Identity and individuation 139 13 The house imago and the creation of order 141 PI-CHEN HSU AND HIROFUMI KURODA 14 From dragons to leaders: Latvian and Japanese psyches, and an organic consciousness 150 EVIJA VOLFA VESTERGAARD Contents vii 15 Emptiness in Western and Eastern cultures: psychological inner movement in Western and Eastern culture 161 TSUYOSHI INOMATA 1 6 Ancient layers of the Japanese psyche as seen from the tales and dreams of the Ainu culture 172 MAYUMI FURUKAWA 1 7 Makoto Tsumori’s philosophy of care and education in relation to Jungian psychology 183 RYUTARO NISHI I ndex 193 Figures 1.1 Two models of Japanese consciousness and Westerner’s consciousness according to Hayao Kawai 17 3.1 Emperor Showa 41 6.1 A scene from Cho¯ju¯-jinbutsu-giga (wildlife caricatures) Volume Ko 65 6.2 S hunboku Ooka (1720) , ‘In the pot of hell’, in Keihitsu Toba Kuruma 66 6.3 K atsushika Hokusai (1819) Facial Expressions in 6 frames, in Hokusami-manga Volume 10 66 6.4 A part of H yakki-yako-zu, by Mitsunori Tosa, in the sixteenth century 68 6.5 R yukanjin Masazumi (1853 ) T ofukozo, in Tenmei Roujin (ed.) Kyouka Hyakumonogatari 69 6.6 M izuki, S. (2004) Kitaro and his mates, from Kitaro Dai Hyakka [Great Encyclopedia of Kitaro] 70 7.1 Ada’s work no.1 77 7.2 Ada’s work no.2 78 7.3 Ada’s work no.3 78 7.4 Ada’s work no.4 79 7.5 Ada’s work no.5 79 7.6 Ada’s work no.6 80 7.7 Ada’s work no.7 80 7.8 Ada’s work no.8 81 7.9 Calligraphy 81 1 1.1 Structure of archetypal Self and Formless self 121 1 2.1 Three types of tree drawings with “open-ended trunks” by schizophrenic patients 128 1 2.2 Patient A’s drawing (A-1) 131 1 2.3 Patient A’s drawing (A-3) 132 1 2.4 Patient A’s drawing (A-4) 133 1 2.5 Patient A’s drawing (A-6) 134 1 2.6 Patient A’s drawing (A-7) 135 1 3.1 Patient Artwork No. 1 143 Figures ix 13.2 Patient Artwork No. 2 144 13.3 Patient Artwork No. 3 145 13.4 Patient Artwork No. 4 146 13.5 Patient Artwork No. 5 146 13.6 Patient Artwork No. 6 147 14.1 Maturation of organic consciousness 158 1 6.1 Clay figure of holding a baby 174 1 6.2 The hearth is in the middle of the house 177

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