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17 Pages·2017·0.49 MB·Indonesian

VERBAL HUMOR IN DAVID SILVERMAN’S THE SIMPSONS MOVIE 707
AND ITS BAHASA INDONESIA SUBTITLE

Anisa Sekar Arum Wibawani
[email protected]

This research intends to analyze how verbal humor in The Simpsons Movie is translated
into Bahasa Indonesia subtitle. The objectives of this research is to classify the kinds of verbal
humor found in The Simpsons Movie, to describe the subtitling strategies used in translating the
verbal humor into Bahasa Indonesia subtitle and to find out the level of acceptability of verbal
humor translation.
This research is categorized into a descriptive qualitative research since it describes translation
phenomena in The Simpsons Movie. The data of this research are in the form of word units, phrase
units, and sentence units that contained verbal humors. The sources of the data are in the form of
dialogue or utterances expressed by the characters in the movie and its Bahasa Indonesia subtitle
taken from the original DVD of The Simpsons Movie produced by Gracie Films for 20th Century
Fox that was released in 2007.The main instrument of this research is the researcher herself and the
supporting instrument is the data sheet. The data is categorized based on some theories. The first is
verbal humor theory proposed by Spanakaki (2007). The second theory is subtitling strategies
proposed by Gottlieb (1992) and the last is the level of acceptability in assessing translation
proposed by Nababan (2012). To achieve trustworthiness, the data sheets were checked repeatedly
by the researcher and discussed with the triangulators.
The results of this research show three important findings. The first is there are three types of
verbal humor that appear in The Simpsons Movie which are wordplay, allusion and verbal irony.
Among them, allusion has the highest number of occurrence. This happens because in the original
series of The Simpsons the writer employs lots of cultural references in satirical ways that becomes
the characteristic of The Simpsons humor. Therefore, it is expected that lots of allusion also appear
in the movie version. The second is that the most used strategy in translating the verbal humor is
imitation because it is the most proper way to translate allusion. The last is that most of the data
are classified into acceptable translation which means that the translator is able to render the
meaning well.

Keyword : Subtitle, Verbal Humor, Subtitling Strategies, Level of Acceptability, The
Simpsons Movie
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Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Tahun 2017

INTRODUCTION object of this research because it

exploits a lot of verbal humor and
In non-scientific area, especially
becomes the most significant part of
in entertainment, translation exists in
this movie. The researcher is
movie. Nowadays movies from
interested to see whether the
various countries have spread all over
translator is able to render the
the world. Movies are not only used
meaning and maintain the humor into
as a form of entertainment, but also
the target text or not.
often used as a medium to learn
The translation of The Simpsons
language, culture, and behavior.
Movie can be seen through its
Therefore, translation is needed to
subtitling. Therefore, this research
convey meaning from source
will discuss the subtitling strategies
language into target language so that
used by the translator. This movie
the audience from other countries
also employs a lot of verbal humor,
understands.
thus this research will also discuss the
Translation in movies exists in
type of verbal humor and how
the form of subtitle and dubbing.
acceptable the subtitle in rendering
Subtitle is the transcriptions of film or
the meaning and keeping the
TV dialogue and presented
humorous nuance of the dialogue.
simultaneously with the scenes on the
The objectives of this research
screen. Meanwhile, dubbing is the
are to describe the types of verbal
revoicing of the dialogue using the
humor that found in the movie The
target language.
Simpsons Movie, to find out the
Subtitle and dubbing exist in
strategies used by the translator in
every genre of movies, one of them is
translating the verbal humor into
comedy. One of many comedy
Indonesian subtitle and to find out the
movies that employ a lot of humorous
acceptability level of the translation
nuance is The Simpsons Movie
of the English verbal humor in
directed by David Silverman. The
Indonesian subtitle.
Simpsons Movie is chosen to be the
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Verbal Humor in David… (Anisa Sekar Arum Wibawani) 5

To analyze the type of verbal translation sounds natural in the target
humor in The Simpsons Movie, the language. The level of acceptability is
researcher used three frameworks of classified into acceptable, less
theories in this research. acceptable and unacceptable.
The first framework discussed

the classifications of verbal humor. RESEARCH METHOD

The data in this research will be
This research is considered as
divided into three categories based on
a descriptive qualitative research.
the types of verbal humor they
Qualitative research is employs to go
contain. The theory used to analyze
deeper into the problems so that the
the translation of verbal humor in this
researcher can gain an understanding
research is proposed by Spanakaki
of reasons and opinions about
(2007). The verbal humor is divided
particular problem or phenomenon.
into wordplay, allusion, and verbal
Strauss and Corbin (in Golafshani,
irony.
2003: 12) define qualitative research
The second framework discussed
as a kind of research which results are
the classification of subtitling
not acquired by statistic calculation.
strategies. The theory applied in this
Cresswell (2002: 15) says that
research is proposed by Gotlieb
qualitative research is related to
(1992) containing ten subtitling
quality and meaning behind the fact
strategies which are expansion,
that explained linguistically.
paraphrase, transfer, imitation,
In this research, the researcher
transcription, dislocation,
conducted the analysis based on the
condensation, decimation, deletion
theories of verbal humor, subtitling
and resignation.
strategies and level of acceptability
The third framework explains the
by describing, explaining and
level of acceptability which adapted
validating the findings. Therefore, a
from adapted from Nababan (2012).
qualitative method is applicable in
To produce an acceptable translation,
this research.
a translator should make the
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Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Tahun 2017

The data of this research is in data sheet. The data sheet is made in
the form of words, phrases, and the form of table that contains types
sentences that contained verbal of verbal humor, subtitling strategies
humors. The sources of the data is in that used to translate the verbal
the form of dialogue or utterances and humor, and the level of acceptability.
the Indonesian subtitle taken from the After classifying the data, the
original DVD of The Simpsons Movie researcher analyzes the data by
produced by Gracie Films for 20th interpreting each of them based on the
Century Fox that is released in 2007. theories in the conceptual framework.
In this research, the researcher In the last step, the researcher
collected the data by watching the reports the data by presenting them in
movie several times in order to the discussion. The researcher takes
understand the story and verbal some examples from the findings and
humor that employs in this movie, gives further explanation about the
selecting the data from the English data. After that, the researcher draws
dialogue and the Indonesian subtitle the conclusion for the research
that contain verbal humor and question.
categorized them into verbal humor

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
classification simultaneously,

There are three types of verbal
categorizing the data into subtitling
humor that is expressed by the
strategies classification, verifying the
characters in The Simpsons Movie,
data into level of acceptability., and
which are wordplay, allusion, and
coding the data.
verbal irony. Allusion appears most
In the first step of analyzing
frequently in 72.34% of total 47 data,
the data, the researcher repetitively
followed by Wordplay in 19.15% and
reads all data that have been collected
the least frequent types of verbal
before, both from the English
humor to appear in The Simpsons
dialogue and Indonesian subtitle.
Movie is Verbal Irony in 8.51% of the
Then, researcher classifies the
data.
relevant data and puts them into the
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Verbal Humor in David… (Anisa Sekar Arum Wibawani) 7

Regarding to the types of 1. Types of Verbal Humor in The

subtitling strategies, nine out of ten
Simpsons Movie
subtitling strategies are applied by the
a. Wordplay
translator. The analysis shows that

Imitation is the most frequent strategy SL:
HOMER: Well, I hate going.
used by the translator, in 27.66% of
Why can’t I worship the Lord
the data, followed by Transfer in in my own way, by praying
like hell on my death bed?
23.40% of the data. The next is
MARGE: Homer, they can

Paraphrase, with 8 occurrences in hear you inside.
HOMER: Relax. Those pious
17.02% of the data. The least used
morons are too busy talking to
strategies are Deletion, Transcription, their phony-baloney God.

Decimation, Dislocation, Resignation
TL:
and Condensation in each occurrence HOMER: Aku malah benci
pergi. Mengapa aku tak bisa
of less than 10% of the data.
menyembah Tuhan dengan
The last finding is the level of caraku sendiri, dengan cara
baru berdoa keras pada saat
acceptability in the translation of
akan meninggal?
verbal humor in The Simpsons Movie. MARGE: Homer, mereka bisa
mendengarmu dari dalam!
Based on the analysis, the researcher
HOMER: Tenanglah. Orang-
found that the most frequent level of orang bodoh itu terlalu sibuk
berdoa pada Tuhan mereka
acceptability to occur in The
(Datum number 04:04/WP-
Simpsons Movie is Acceptable in Pn/Dl/Ua)

74.48% of the data, followed by
The example take place
Unacceptable and Less Acceptable,
when the Simpsons family
both in 12.76% of the data. This
comes late to the church and
indicates that the translator is mostly
the praying has already begun.
able to deliver the verbal humor in
When they arrive at the church
Indonesia subtitle well.
door, Homer complains that
he does not like to go to the
church. Marge reminds him
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Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Tahun 2017

that the people in the church mereka yang penuh omong
can hear him but he does not kosong.
care. He even mocks those

people by saying that they are b. Allusion

too busy talking to their phony
SL:
baloney God. Here, the writer MARGE: You can take
Spider-Pig with you.
uses paronymy by combining
HOMER: He’s not Spider-Pig
the word phony and the word anymore. He’s Harry
Plopper
baloney. Unfortunately, the

translator does not translate TL:
MARGE: Kau bisa mengajak
the word at all. The translator
Spider-Pig.
only translates Tuhan mereka HOMER: Dia bukan lagi
Spider-Pig. Dia sekarang
which is the exact translation
Harry Plopper.
of their God but does not (Datum number 23:23/AL-
PNA/Im/Ac)
include the word phony

baloney in the translation even
This conversation happens
though the word phony
when Homer is asked by
baloney is exactly what makes
Marge to dump the pig’s
it categorized into Verbal
waste. Since Homer calls the
Humor. In addition, phony
pig as Spider-Pig which is a
baloney is a slang expression
reference to Spider-man,
that means fake or full of
Marge calls it the same name.
bullshit. For suggestion, the
Yet, Homer apparently
translator should translate
changes the pig’s name into
phony baloney into penuh
Harry Plopper which is a
omong kosong in Indonesian.
reference of a famous fictional
Therefore the translation of
character named Harry Potter.
too busy talking to their phony
In the scene, it is shown that
baloney God should be terlalu
Homer dresses the pig exactly
sibuk berdoa pada Tuhan
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Verbal Humor in David… (Anisa Sekar Arum Wibawani) 9

like Harry Potter. It wears LISA: Tapi aku sangat marah.
MARGE: Kau seorang wanita.
clear, round, vintage glasses
Kau bisa memendamnya
and there is a thunderbolt scar (Datum number: 27/27/VI-
HE/Rs/Ua)
on its forehead which is a

special physical feature owned This conversation
only by Harry Potter. happens when the news in the
The allusion Harry Plopper TV reports that Homer is the
is translates using Imitation one to cause Lake Springfield
strategy which results on to be polluted and people are
Acceptable translation. The angry and tried to catch him.
translator does not necessarily Lisa confronts him and
attach additional information implicitly says that he is a
since Harry Potter is monster because he causes the
worldwide famous and the people to be trapped inside the
audience will be able to catch dome. Marge intercepts and
the reference. asks Lisa to be patient forever
because they have a bigger

c. Verbal Irony problem.

The expression forever
SL:
LISA: You monster, you is considered to be Hyperbolic
monster!
Expression because it does not
HOMER: do you see the
news? deliver literal meaning yet it is
MARGE: Honey, come on, we
said spontaneously by Marge
have bigger problems.
LISA: But I’m so angry. to exaggerate Lisa’s ability of
MARGE: You’re a woman,
holding her anger so that Lisa
you can hold on to it forever.
will not press that matter to
TL:
Homer any longer.
LISA: Kau monster. Kau
monster. Unfortunately, the translation
HOMER: Kau lihat berita?
is categorized into
MARGE: Sayang, kita punya
masalah yang lebih besar. Unacceptable translation
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Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Tahun 2017

because the translator does not The conversation happens
translate the word forever. As in an amusement park when
a suggestion, the translator the Simpsons family is on the
should translate it to be way to escape to Alaska.
selamanya in Indonesian since Homer is offered to try the
it is not supposed to be Ball of Death in order to get a
deleted. truck as a prize. The Ball of
Death is referred to The Globe

2. Subtitling Strategies to of Death, a circus and carnival
stunt where motorcycle riders
Translate the Verbal Humor in
ride inside a giant ball.
The Simpsons Movie
The translator paraphrases
a. Paraphrase the Ball of Death into Putaran

Mematikan, since in the scene
SL:
TIVOLI MAN: Step right up it is showed that inside the
and win my truck! All you
Ball of Death, a person rides a
have to do is conquer the Ball
of Death. motorcycle and spins in the
HOMER: What’s the catch?
giant ball. Putaran Mematikan
TIVOLI MAN: No catch. Just
ride the motorcycle all the is categorized into Less
way around just one time.
Acceptable translation because
Three tries for 10 dollars.
the translation is unnatural.
TL:
Since the translator uses the
TIVOLI MAN: Cobalah dan
menangkan mobil truk ku. Paraphrase strategy, instead of
Kalian hanya perlu melakukan
paraphrasing the Ball of Death
Putaran Mematikan.
HOMER: Apa syaratnya? into Putaran Mematikan that
TIVOLI MAN: Tak ada syarat
can be resulted into confusing
apa-apa hanya perlu memutari
lingkaran ini. 10 dolar untuk 3 term for the audience, it is
kali mencoba
better to replace it using a
(Datum number 34:34/AL-
PNA/Pr/LA) more common term such as
Roda Gila or Tong Setan,
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Verbal Humor in David… (Anisa Sekar Arum Wibawani) 11

following the term used in the deleting the word intermittent,
source language culture. the translator reduces the
sense of the meaning, as if the

b. Deletion situation in Springfield is that

there is no electricity at all due
SL:
KENT BROCKMAN: Day 37 to power failures while in fact
under the dome. We are
the power failures often
facing intermittent power
failures which.. happen but not all day every

day. Therefore, the word
TL:
KENT BROCKMAN: Hari intermittent should not be
ke 37 di bawah kubah. Kita
deleted. As a suggestion, the
mengalami gangguan
listrik.. translator can translate the
(Datum number 32: 32/AL-
utterance we are facing
KPA/Dl/LA)
intermittent power failures
This is uttered by Kent
into kita sebentar-sebentar
Brockman, the TV announcer,
mengalami gangguan listrik
when he reports that the
into Indonesian subtitle.
Springfield people have been

locked under the dome for 37
c. Imitation
days and people watch it
SL: ARNOLD
together through a small TV
SCHWARZENEGGER:
screen in a bar. This is an I hate this job. Everything’s
“crisis” this and “the end of
allusion to the famous scene
the world” that. Nobody opens
of the movie titled The with a joke. I miss Danny
DeVito.
Truman Show.

In this data, the translator does TL: ARNOLD
SCHWARZENEGGER:
not translate the word
Aku benci pekerjaan ini.
intermittent which is used to Semuanya tentang “krisis” dan
“akhir dunia”. Tak ada yang
indicate situations in which
occur at irregular interval. By
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Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Tahun 2017

dimulai dengan lelucon. Aku The word grampa here
merindukan Danny DeVito.
refers to grandpa. This is the
(Datum number 24: 24/AL-
PNA/Im/Ac) way the Simpsons family calls

their grandfather. It can be
This line is uttered by
seen that the translator decides
Arnold Schwarzenegger who
to use Transfer strategy and
is a president of United States
translates it into kakek in
in the movie. Danny DeVito is
Indonesian subtitle. The
an allusion to the real life
translator uses better strategy
comedian and actor with the
than Imitation and translates it
same name who happens to be
into grampa in Indonesian
Arnold Schwarzenegger’s best
subtitle because by translating
friend. Here, the translator
it into kakek, the translator
translates the allusion using
does not make the translation
Imitation strategy. There are
hard to be understood by the
no changes in target language
audience. The translation
translation since it is a name
results on Acceptable
of a person. Therefore, the
translation.
translation is considered as

Acceptable translation.

e. Transcription

d. Transfer SL:
HOMER: Marge! Marge!
SL: Marge! Oh, no, the epipha-
MARGE: Wait a minute, what tree! Hey, I tried my best.
about Grampa? What am I supposed to do?
But how am I supposed to get
TL: up there? Here. Buy yourself
MARGE: Tunggu dulu, something nice.
bagaimana dengan kakek?
(Datum number 6:06/WP- TL:
Pn/Tr/Ac) HOMER: Marge! Marge!
Marge! Oh, tidak. Pohon
Epipa! Aku berusaha. Aku