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JUDAISM AND CHRISTIAN ART .................17877$ $$FM 10-05-1009:04:00 PS PAGEi This page intentionally left blank J U D A I S M A N D C H R I S T I A N A R T Aesthetic Anxieties from the Catacombs to Colonialism ( Edited by Herbert L. Kessler and David Nirenberg University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia ∙ Oxford .................17877$ $$FM 10-05-1009:04:00 PS PAGEiii Copyright(cid:2)2011UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress Allrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsusedforpurposesofrevieworscholarly citation,noneofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanymeanswithoutwritten permissionfromthepublisher. Publishedby UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress Philadelphia,Pennsylvania19104-4112 www.upenn.edu/pennpress PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData JudaismandChristianart:aestheticanxietiesfromthecatacombstocolonialism/editedby HerbertL.KesslerandDavidNirenberg. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-8122-4285-0(hardcover:alk.paper) 1.Christianartandsymbolism—Europe. 2.Judaisminart. 3.Art,European—Themes, motives. I.Kessler,HerbertL.,1941– II.Nirenberg,David,1964– N8180.J83 2011 704.9(cid:2)482—dc22 2010023068 .................17877$ $$FM 10-05-1009:04:00 PS PAGEiv contents ( ListofIllustrations vii Introduction DavidNirenberg 1 Chapter1. ‘‘Pharaoh’sArmyGotDrownded’’:SomeReflectionson JewishandRomanGenealogiesinEarlyChristianArt Jas´ Elsner 10 Chapter2. UnfeignedWitness:Jews,Matter,andVisionin Twelfth-CenturyChristianArt SaraLipton 45 Chapter3.ShadedwithDust:JewishEyesonChristianArt HerbertL.Kessler 74 Chapter4. Iudeussacer:Life,Law,andIdentityinthe‘‘State ofException’’Called‘‘MarianMiracle’’ FranciscoPrado-Vilar 115 Chapter5. AbrahamCircumcisesHimself:ASceneattheEndgame ofJewishUtilitytoChristianArt MarciaKupfer 143 Chapter6. FrauVenus,theEucharist,andtheJewsofLandshut AchimTimmermann 183 Chapter7. JewishCarnality,ChristianGuilt,andEucharisticPeril intheRotterdam-BerlinAltarpieceoftheHolySacrament MitchellB.Merback 203 .................17877$ CNTS 10-05-1009:04:06 PS PAGEv Chapter8. TheGhettoandtheGazeinEarlyModernVenice DanaE.Katz 233 Chapter9. ThroughaGlassDarkly:PathstoSalvationinSpanish PaintingattheOutsetoftheInquisition FelipePereda 263 Chapter10. RenaissanceNaturalismandtheJewishBible:Ferrara, Brescia,Bergamo,1520–1540 StephenJ.Campbell 291 Chapter11. Poussin’sUselessTreasures RichardNeer 328 Chapter12. Euge`neDelacroix’sJewishWeddingandtheMedium ofPainting RalphUbl 359 Chapter13. TheJudaismofChristianArt DavidNirenberg 387 ListofContributors 429 Index 431 Acknowledgments 443 vi contents .................17877$ CNTS 10-05-1009:04:06 PS PAGEvi illustrations ( Figure1.1. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currentlyin ArchaeologicalMuseum,Split 13 Figure1.2. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currently servingasaltarfrontinArles 13 Figure1.3. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currentlyin MuseoPioCristianoinRome 16 Figure1.4. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currentlyin Muse´eGranetinAix-en-Province 16 Figure1.5. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,leftside,showing MosesbeforePharaohandtheIsraelitesbeginningtheirjourneyout ofEgypt 17 Figure1.6. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,rightside,showing miracleofmannaandquailsandMosesmakingthebitterwaterssweet 18 Figure1.7. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,detailofthe Hebrewsfleeing,Muse´edel’Arlesantique 20 Figure1.8. ArchofTrajanatBeneventum 22 Figure1.9. ReliefpanelshowingMarcusAureliusdistributinglargesse toparentsandchildren,ArchofConstantine,Rome. 23 Figure1.10. Trajan’sColumninRome,reliefshowingDacianfamilies withchildreninflightfromRomansoldiers 24 Figure1.11. ColumnofMarcusAureliusinRome,reliefshowing motherandchildinflightfromRomanlegionary 25 Figure1.12. TombstoneofPetroniaGratainTurin,reliefshowing Aeneascarryinghisfather,Anchises,andleadinghissonIulusbythe hand 27 .................17877$ ILLU 10-05-1009:04:09 PS PAGEvii Figure2.1. OldTestamentprophetsidenticaltoNewTestament apostles,FirstBibleofCharlestheBald 47 Figure2.2. RomanesquearchaizingdepictionofaHebrewprophet, LobbesBible 48 Figure2.3. EilbertusportablealtarinBerlin 54 Figure2.4. ChristinMajesty,thetwelveapostles,andGospelscenes, Eilbertusportablealtar 55 Figure3.1. Davidcomposingpsalms,inSt.Alban’sPsalter 76 Figure3.2. ChristinMajestywithprophets 81 Figure3.3. SaintEtienneatSens,altarpiece 84 Figure3.4. Leviticusfrontispiece 88 Figure3.5. TitusreturningwithJerusalemtrophies 91 Figure3.6. Reims,St.Remi,MosesandAaronwithbrazenserpent 94 Figure3.7. Mosesandthebrazenserpent 96 Figure3.8. Felanitx,Passioimaginisaltarpiece 98 Figure3.9. MandylionandKeramion 101 Figure3.10. Ezekiel’svisionoftheTemple 103 Figure4.1. Lapidary,Escorial,MS.H.I.15,folio1r 117 Figure4.2. Lapidary,Escorial,MS.H.I.15,folio19r 118 Figure4.3. CantigasdeSantaMaria,Florence,MS.B.R. 20,folio119v 119 Figure4.4. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.B.R.20,folio92r 120 Figure4.5. CantigasdeSantaMaria,Escorial,MS.T.I.1,folio39r 122 Figure4.6. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.B.R.20,folio119v 123 Figure4.7. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.T.I.1,folio131r 125 Figure4.8. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.T.I.1,folio155v 127 Figure4.9. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.T.I.1,folio9v 130 Figure4.10. Biblemoralis´ee,Toledo,MS.1,folio53v 132 Figure5.1. LuisdeGuzma´nsendinghisletterofcommissiontoMoses Arragel;therabbiatworkbetweenhiscensors;AlbaBible 147 viii illustrations .................17877$ ILLU 10-05-1009:04:10 PS PAGEviii Figure5.2. RabbiMosesArragel’spresentationofthecommissioned manuscripttoLuisdeGuzma´n,AlbaBible 148 Figure5.3. ArrageltouchingthefeetofKingJuanIIofCastile, AlbaBible 149 Figure5.4. Jerusalemattackedbythenations,AlbaBible 155 Figure5.5. Abrahamcircumciseshimself,AlbaBible 159 Figure5.6. JoshualeadstheassaultonAi,AlbaBible 165 Figure5.7. Abrahamcircumciseshimself,BibleofJeandeSy 169 Figure5.8. ConclusionofthestoryofHagar;Godintheperson ofChristspeakswithAbraham;Abrahamcircumciseshimself; PaduaBible 171 Figure6.1. Poniky,St.Francis,LivingCross 184 Figure6.2. Landshut,St.Martin,LivingCross 185 Figure6.3. DetailofSynagogafromLandshut,St.Martin,LivingCross 185 Figure6.4. JosephHuber,longitudinalsectionofLandshut’s synagogue 187 Figure6.5. Landshut,viewoftheDreifaltigkeitsplatz 193 Figure6.6. WasserburgamInn,St.James,LivingCross 195 Figure6.7. Landshut,St.Martin,tabernaclealtar 197 Figure7.1. DircBouts,AltarpieceoftheHolySacrament 206 Figure7.2. LastSupper,centerpaneloftheRotterdam-BerlinCorpus ChristiAltarpiece 208 Figure7.3. IsraelitePassover,leftwingoftheRotterdam-BerlinCorpus ChristiAltarpiece 210 Figure7.4. DetailofJudasfromtheRotterdam-BerlinCorpusChristi Altarpiece 212 Figure7.5. MasterBertramofMinden,LastSupper,fromPassionAltar 213 Figure7.6. DetailofyouthfulapostlefromtheRotterdam-BerlinCorpus ChristiAltarpiece 218 Figure7.7. MasterI.A.M.vanZwolle,LastSupper 219 illustrations ix .................17877$ ILLU 10-05-1009:04:10 PS PAGEix

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Christian cultures across the centuries have invoked Judaism in order to debate, represent, and contain the dangers presented by the sensual nature of art. By engaging Judaism, both real and imagined, they explored and expanded the perils and possibilities for Christian representation of the materia
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456 Pages·2011·60.45 MB·English
by  Herbert L. Kessler
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JUDAISM AND CHRISTIAN ART .................17877$ $$FM 10-05-1009:04:00 PS PAGEi This page intentionally left blank J U D A I S M A N D C H R I S T I A N A R T Aesthetic Anxieties from the Catacombs to Colonialism ( Edited by Herbert L. Kessler and David Nirenberg University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia ∙ Oxford .................17877$ $$FM 10-05-1009:04:00 PS PAGEiii Copyright(cid:2)2011UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress Allrightsreserved.Exceptforbriefquotationsusedforpurposesofrevieworscholarly citation,noneofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanymeanswithoutwritten permissionfromthepublisher. Publishedby UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress Philadelphia,Pennsylvania19104-4112 www.upenn.edu/pennpress PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData JudaismandChristianart:aestheticanxietiesfromthecatacombstocolonialism/editedby HerbertL.KesslerandDavidNirenberg. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-8122-4285-0(hardcover:alk.paper) 1.Christianartandsymbolism—Europe. 2.Judaisminart. 3.Art,European—Themes, motives. I.Kessler,HerbertL.,1941– II.Nirenberg,David,1964– N8180.J83 2011 704.9(cid:2)482—dc22 2010023068 .................17877$ $$FM 10-05-1009:04:00 PS PAGEiv contents ( ListofIllustrations vii Introduction DavidNirenberg 1 Chapter1. ‘‘Pharaoh’sArmyGotDrownded’’:SomeReflectionson JewishandRomanGenealogiesinEarlyChristianArt Jas´ Elsner 10 Chapter2. UnfeignedWitness:Jews,Matter,andVisionin Twelfth-CenturyChristianArt SaraLipton 45 Chapter3.ShadedwithDust:JewishEyesonChristianArt HerbertL.Kessler 74 Chapter4. Iudeussacer:Life,Law,andIdentityinthe‘‘State ofException’’Called‘‘MarianMiracle’’ FranciscoPrado-Vilar 115 Chapter5. AbrahamCircumcisesHimself:ASceneattheEndgame ofJewishUtilitytoChristianArt MarciaKupfer 143 Chapter6. FrauVenus,theEucharist,andtheJewsofLandshut AchimTimmermann 183 Chapter7. JewishCarnality,ChristianGuilt,andEucharisticPeril intheRotterdam-BerlinAltarpieceoftheHolySacrament MitchellB.Merback 203 .................17877$ CNTS 10-05-1009:04:06 PS PAGEv Chapter8. TheGhettoandtheGazeinEarlyModernVenice DanaE.Katz 233 Chapter9. ThroughaGlassDarkly:PathstoSalvationinSpanish PaintingattheOutsetoftheInquisition FelipePereda 263 Chapter10. RenaissanceNaturalismandtheJewishBible:Ferrara, Brescia,Bergamo,1520–1540 StephenJ.Campbell 291 Chapter11. Poussin’sUselessTreasures RichardNeer 328 Chapter12. Euge`neDelacroix’sJewishWeddingandtheMedium ofPainting RalphUbl 359 Chapter13. TheJudaismofChristianArt DavidNirenberg 387 ListofContributors 429 Index 431 Acknowledgments 443 vi contents .................17877$ CNTS 10-05-1009:04:06 PS PAGEvi illustrations ( Figure1.1. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currentlyin ArchaeologicalMuseum,Split 13 Figure1.2. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currently servingasaltarfrontinArles 13 Figure1.3. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currentlyin MuseoPioCristianoinRome 16 Figure1.4. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,currentlyin Muse´eGranetinAix-en-Province 16 Figure1.5. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,leftside,showing MosesbeforePharaohandtheIsraelitesbeginningtheirjourneyout ofEgypt 17 Figure1.6. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,rightside,showing miracleofmannaandquailsandMosesmakingthebitterwaterssweet 18 Figure1.7. SarcophagusoftheRedSeacrossing,front,detailofthe Hebrewsfleeing,Muse´edel’Arlesantique 20 Figure1.8. ArchofTrajanatBeneventum 22 Figure1.9. ReliefpanelshowingMarcusAureliusdistributinglargesse toparentsandchildren,ArchofConstantine,Rome. 23 Figure1.10. Trajan’sColumninRome,reliefshowingDacianfamilies withchildreninflightfromRomansoldiers 24 Figure1.11. ColumnofMarcusAureliusinRome,reliefshowing motherandchildinflightfromRomanlegionary 25 Figure1.12. TombstoneofPetroniaGratainTurin,reliefshowing Aeneascarryinghisfather,Anchises,andleadinghissonIulusbythe hand 27 .................17877$ ILLU 10-05-1009:04:09 PS PAGEvii Figure2.1. OldTestamentprophetsidenticaltoNewTestament apostles,FirstBibleofCharlestheBald 47 Figure2.2. RomanesquearchaizingdepictionofaHebrewprophet, LobbesBible 48 Figure2.3. EilbertusportablealtarinBerlin 54 Figure2.4. ChristinMajesty,thetwelveapostles,andGospelscenes, Eilbertusportablealtar 55 Figure3.1. Davidcomposingpsalms,inSt.Alban’sPsalter 76 Figure3.2. ChristinMajestywithprophets 81 Figure3.3. SaintEtienneatSens,altarpiece 84 Figure3.4. Leviticusfrontispiece 88 Figure3.5. TitusreturningwithJerusalemtrophies 91 Figure3.6. Reims,St.Remi,MosesandAaronwithbrazenserpent 94 Figure3.7. Mosesandthebrazenserpent 96 Figure3.8. Felanitx,Passioimaginisaltarpiece 98 Figure3.9. MandylionandKeramion 101 Figure3.10. Ezekiel’svisionoftheTemple 103 Figure4.1. Lapidary,Escorial,MS.H.I.15,folio1r 117 Figure4.2. Lapidary,Escorial,MS.H.I.15,folio19r 118 Figure4.3. CantigasdeSantaMaria,Florence,MS.B.R. 20,folio119v 119 Figure4.4. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.B.R.20,folio92r 120 Figure4.5. CantigasdeSantaMaria,Escorial,MS.T.I.1,folio39r 122 Figure4.6. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.B.R.20,folio119v 123 Figure4.7. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.T.I.1,folio131r 125 Figure4.8. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.T.I.1,folio155v 127 Figure4.9. CantigasdeSantaMaria,MS.T.I.1,folio9v 130 Figure4.10. Biblemoralis´ee,Toledo,MS.1,folio53v 132 Figure5.1. LuisdeGuzma´nsendinghisletterofcommissiontoMoses Arragel;therabbiatworkbetweenhiscensors;AlbaBible 147 viii illustrations .................17877$ ILLU 10-05-1009:04:10 PS PAGEviii Figure5.2. RabbiMosesArragel’spresentationofthecommissioned manuscripttoLuisdeGuzma´n,AlbaBible 148 Figure5.3. ArrageltouchingthefeetofKingJuanIIofCastile, AlbaBible 149 Figure5.4. Jerusalemattackedbythenations,AlbaBible 155 Figure5.5. Abrahamcircumciseshimself,AlbaBible 159 Figure5.6. JoshualeadstheassaultonAi,AlbaBible 165 Figure5.7. Abrahamcircumciseshimself,BibleofJeandeSy 169 Figure5.8. ConclusionofthestoryofHagar;Godintheperson ofChristspeakswithAbraham;Abrahamcircumciseshimself; PaduaBible 171 Figure6.1. Poniky,St.Francis,LivingCross 184 Figure6.2. Landshut,St.Martin,LivingCross 185 Figure6.3. DetailofSynagogafromLandshut,St.Martin,LivingCross 185 Figure6.4. JosephHuber,longitudinalsectionofLandshut’s synagogue 187 Figure6.5. Landshut,viewoftheDreifaltigkeitsplatz 193 Figure6.6. WasserburgamInn,St.James,LivingCross 195 Figure6.7. Landshut,St.Martin,tabernaclealtar 197 Figure7.1. DircBouts,AltarpieceoftheHolySacrament 206 Figure7.2. LastSupper,centerpaneloftheRotterdam-BerlinCorpus ChristiAltarpiece 208 Figure7.3. IsraelitePassover,leftwingoftheRotterdam-BerlinCorpus ChristiAltarpiece 210 Figure7.4. DetailofJudasfromtheRotterdam-BerlinCorpusChristi Altarpiece 212 Figure7.5. MasterBertramofMinden,LastSupper,fromPassionAltar 213 Figure7.6. DetailofyouthfulapostlefromtheRotterdam-BerlinCorpus ChristiAltarpiece 218 Figure7.7. MasterI.A.M.vanZwolle,LastSupper 219 illustrations ix .................17877$ ILLU 10-05-1009:04:10 PS PAGEix

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Christian cultures across the centuries have invoked Judaism in order to debate, represent, and contain the dangers presented by the sensual nature of art. By engaging Judaism, both real and imagined, they explored and expanded the perils and possibilities for Christian representation of the materia
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