Journalistic Metamorphosis: Media Transformation In The Digital Age

213 Pages·2020·2.736 MB·English

by  Jorge Vázquez-Herrero, Sabela Direito-Rebollal, Alba Silva-Rodríguez, Xosé López-García

Studies in Big Data 70
Jorge Vázquez-Herrero
Sabela Direito-Rebollal
Alba Silva-Rodríguez
Xosé López-García   Editors
Journalistic
Metamorphosis
Media Transformation in the Digital Age
Studies in Big Data
Volume 70
Series Editor
Janusz Kacprzyk, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Theseries“StudiesinBigData”(SBD)publishesnewdevelopmentsandadvances
in the various areas of Big Data- quickly and with a high quality. The intent is to
coverthetheory,research,development,andapplicationsofBigData,asembedded
inthefieldsofengineering,computerscience,physics,economicsandlifesciences.
The books of the series refer to the analysis and understanding of large, complex,
and/or distributed data sets generated from recent digital sources coming from
sensorsorotherphysicalinstrumentsaswellassimulations,crowdsourcing,social
networks or other internet transactions, such as emails or video click streams and
other. The series contains monographs, lecture notes and edited volumes in Big
Data spanning the areas of computational intelligence including neural networks,
evolutionary computation, soft computing, fuzzy systems, as well as artificial
intelligence, data mining, modern statistics and Operations research, as well as
self-organizing systems. Of particular value to both the contributors and the
readership are the short publication timeframe and the world-wide distribution,
which enable both wide and rapid dissemination of research output.
**Indexing: Thebooksofthis series aresubmitted toISIWebofScience,DBLP,
Ulrichs, MathSciNet, Current Mathematical Publications, Mathematical Reviews,
Zentralblatt Math: MetaPress and Springerlink.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11970
á
Jorge V zquez-Herrero Sabela Direito-Rebollal
(cid:129) (cid:129)
í é ó í
Alba Silva-Rodr guez Xos L pez-Garc a
(cid:129)
Editors
Journalistic Metamorphosis
Media Transformation in the Digital Age
123
Editors
Jorge Vázquez-Herrero SabelaDireito-Rebollal
Faculty of Communication Sciences Faculty of Communication Sciences
Universidade deSantiagodeCompostela Universidade deSantiagodeCompostela
SantiagodeCompostela, Spain SantiagodeCompostela, Spain
AlbaSilva-Rodríguez XoséLópez-García
Faculty of Communication Sciences Faculty of Communication Sciences
Universidade deSantiagodeCompostela Universidade deSantiagodeCompostela
SantiagodeCompostela, Spain SantiagodeCompostela, Spain
ISSN 2197-6503 ISSN 2197-6511 (electronic)
Studies in BigData
ISBN978-3-030-36314-7 ISBN978-3-030-36315-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36315-4
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2020
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart
of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar
methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom
therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregard
tojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG
Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland
Editorial Project
This book is part of the activities developed in:
(cid:129) the research project Digital native media in Spain: storytelling formats and
mobile strategy (RTI2018-093346-B-C33) funded by the Ministry of Science,
Innovation and Universities (Government of Spain), Agencia Estatal de
Investigación, and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund
(ERDF);
(cid:129) theresearchprojectNewvalues,governance,fundingandpublicmediaservicesfor
the Internet society: European and Spanish contrasts (RTI2018-096065-B-I00)
funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Government of
Spain),AgenciaEstataldeInvestigación,andco-fundedbytheEuropeanRegional
Development Fund (ERDF); and
(cid:129) Novos Medios research group, supported by Xunta de Galicia (ED431B
2017/48).
Editorial coordination, book layout and formatting: Jorge Vázquez-Herrero,
Sabela Direito-Rebollal and Alba Silva-Rodríguez.
v
Preface
Over the past decades, journalism has been in a state of flux due to the outcome
of the digitalization of the media environment. The increase of channels and
platforms together with the emergence of digital native players has created an
immediate need for journalism to innovate in order to survive in this digital and
socialmediaage.However,althoughinnovationhasturnedintoasignificantmatter
to guarantee the future of journalism, it is still necessary to deeply understand its
potential implications within the media industry. In order to identify relevant fea-
tures for media innovation, this book emphasizes three dimensions of change:
content and narrative, technology and formats, and business models.
Journalistic Metamorphosis: Media Transformation in the Digital Age is
divided into four parts. The first part consists of three chapters which cover the
technological impact of the challenges and consequences in media. Ramón
Salaverría and Mathias-Felipe de-Lima-Santos (University of Navarra) study the
implementation of the so-called Internet of things (IoT) within the framework of
technological innovations assimilated by journalism over the last 25 years. They
describe devices, applications and systems that media have incorporated in the
production and consumption of news content, by providing a general overview
of the opportunities and challenges that IoT offers to journalism.
The debate about automated journalism is addressed in the chapter signed by
José Miguel Túñez-López, Carlos Toural-Bran (Universidade de Santiago de
Compostela) and Ana Gabriela Frazão-Nogueira (Universidade Fernando Pessoa).
The automation of the search engines, classification and the treatment of infor-
mationasaresultofthealterationofajournalist’sroutineduetotheconsequences
of the implementation of AI to the workflow is part of the analysis made by the
aforementioned authors.
The search for new ways of journalistic narratives is the main topic of the
chapter by Jorge Vázquez-Herrero, Xosé López-García (Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela) and Fernando Irigaray (Universidad Nacional de Rosario), for
whomubiquity,transmedialityandmicro-contentsdefineemergingnarratives,with
a strong link with social media and their consumption.
vii
viii Preface
The second part of this book revolves around these emerging narratives and
journalistic formats. Ana Cecília B. Nunes (Pontifical Catholic University of Rio
Grande do Sul) and João Canavilhas (University of Beira Interior) look for the
identificationofpeculiaritiesininnovativejournalismtakingasareferencethecase
study of Google DNI Fund initiatives in the European context highlighted in its
three-yearreport.Digitalrevenueandnewsnarrativesorformatsarethemaingoals
to achieve consumers’ needs. Jonathan Hendrickx, Karen Donders and Ike Picone
(VrijeUniversiteitBrussel)discusstheunexpectedpopularityofe-mailnewsletters
as a successful tool for legacy and new news media outlets alike to independently
disseminate their content, without having to rely on social media algorithms.
Andreu Casero-Ripollés, Silvia Marcos-García and Laura Alonso-Muñoz
(UniversitatJaumeI)presentnewsocialmediaformatsforlocaljournalismlikelive
blogging, summary information through WhatsApp or Instagram Stories and 360°
image and video.
The continuous rise of visual information available online is prompted by the
current state of the so-called liquid modernity. Ángel Vizoso (Universidade de
Santiago de Compostela) focuses his work on this topic by underlining the weak
and strong points of this visual system. Sara Pérez-Seijo and Berta García-Orosa
(Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) analyze the use of this immersive nar-
rative in five international NGOs from an ethical and critical point of view.
The third part of this book, which begins with the one signed by Ainara
LarrondoUreta,KoldoMesoAyerdiandSimónPeñaFernández(Universityofthe
Basque Country), addresses the impact that social networking sites have caused in
thelegacymediaanditscontinuoususeasawaytoinnovativelyenhanceconsumer
engagement. The authors show a global vision of the strategies used by Spanish
media concerning social networks, especially regarding the development of pro-
fessional practices adapted to new patterns of users’ consumption, as well as new
modes of content creation, distribution and promotion.
Newsorganizationspublishsocialmediaguidelinestoguidetheconductoftheir
journalists on social networks, due to the common use of Facebook and Twitter to
collect, distribute, promote and discuss the news. Sabela Direito-Rebollal,
María-Cruz Negreira-Rey and Ana-Isabel Rodríguez-Vázquez (Universidade de
Santiago de Compostela) study the social media guidelines developed by public
service broadcasting corporations in the European Union to explain the recom-
mendations for their journalists.
The last two chapters of the third segment are focused on the innovation of
broadcasting formats. Jose A. García-Avilés (Miguel Hernández University) ana-
lyzes six new international broadcasting formats. The author concludes that inno-
vation in newscasts essentially lies in the audiovisual narrative, integrating image
and sound, telling the story with fluency and holding viewers’ trust with rigorous
journalism. This topic is also considered by Ana González-Neira and Natalia
Quintas-Froufe (Universidade da Coruña) with their analysis of TV’s audience
participation in news bulletins.
Preface ix
Last part of this book puts together three chapters that delve into the study of
digital media revenue business models and in the era of the so-called post-
journalism, focusing on the figure of the journalist, particularly in its loss of
legitimacy.
Manuel Goyanes (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid), Marta Rodríguez-Castro
and Francisco Campos-Freire (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela) analyze
the relation between innovation and digital media revenue business models.
The authors consider that the core relies on social value and creative intelligence.
Laura Solito and Carlo Sorrentino (Università degli Studi di Firenze) study the
practices journalists use to authenticate their work. They argue that journalistic
authorityisalwaystheproductofcomplexandvariablerelationships.Furthermore,
the authors go in depth studying the changes of the professional identity in con-
sequenceofthelossoftrustfromtheaudienceandthedifficultiesencounteredfrom
traditional business models within the industry. Finally, Xosé López-García, Alba
Silva-Rodríguez,SabelaDireito-RebollalandJorgeVázquez-Herrero(Universidade
deSantiagodeCompostela)theorizeaboutthefutureroleofjournalistsintheeraof
post-journalism. The authors come to the conclusion that journalism is not dying,
but it is returning to its roots. In order to do so, it is necessary to implement data
journalism, immersive journalism, multimedia and multi-format narratives, trans-
media narratives, verification techniques (fact-checking) or semi-automated
systems.
Journalistic Metamorphosis: Media Transformation in the Digital Age, edited
by Jorge Vázquez-Herrero, Sabela Direito-Rebollal, Alba Silva-Rodríguez and
Xosé López-García (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela), brings together
experts from Europe and America working on the impact of technology, the
reconfiguration of the media ecosystem and the transformation of business models
within the context of glocal information and enriched innovation.
Santiago de Compostela, Spain Jorge Vázquez-Herrero
Sabela Direito-Rebollal
Alba Silva-Rodríguez
Xosé López-García
Contents
Towards Ubiquitous Journalism: Impacts of IoT on News. . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ramón Salaverría and Mathias-Felipe de-Lima-Santos
From Data Journalism to Robotic Journalism: The Automation
of News Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
José Miguel Túñez-López, Carlos Toural-Bran
and Ana Gabriela Frazão-Nogueira
The Technology-Led Narrative Turn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Jorge Vázquez-Herrero, Xosé López-García and Fernando Irigaray
Journalism Innovation and Its Influences in the Future of News:
A European Perspective Around Google DNI Fund Initiatives . . . . . . . 41
Ana Cecília B. Nunes and João Canavilhas
Innovating Journalism by Going Back in Time? The Curious
Case of Newsletters as a News Source in Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Jonathan Hendrickx, Karen Donders and Ike Picone
New Formats for Local Journalism in the Era of Social Media
and Big Data: From Transmedia to Storytelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Andreu Casero-Ripollés, Silvia Marcos-García and Laura Alonso-Muñoz
Information Visualization and Usability: Tools for Human
Comprehension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Ángel Vizoso
Use of 360-Degree Video in Organizational Communication:
Case Study of Humanitarian Aid NGOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Sara Pérez-Seijo and Berta García-Orosa
Shared Spaces for News Content Production in Spanish
Online Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Ainara Larrondo Ureta, Koldo Meso Ayerdi and Simón Peña Fernández
xi