Editor-in-Chief Ira Mellman Editors Lewis Cantley Louis F. Reichardt Don W. Cleveland Randy Schekman Elaine Fuchs Kenneth M. Yamada News Editor William A. Wells Review Editors Karen Dell Louis F. Reichardt Editorial Board Angelica Amon Werner Eranke Hynda Kleinman Anne Ridley Kathryn Anderson Larry Gerace Douglas Koshland Howard Riezman Ben Barres Larry Goldstein Arthur D. Lander Daniel B. Rifkin Hugo Bellen Barry Gumbiner Jeanne Lawrence David Ron Andrew Belmont Alan Hall Leslie Leinwand Mark Rose Vann Bennett Ulrich Hartl Richard Lewis Joshua Sanes Juan Bonifacino Rebecca Heald Laura Machesky Richard Scheller Fony Bretscher Nobutaka Hirokawa Joan Massague Trina Schroer Marianne Bronner-Fraser Arthur Horwich Jacopo Meldolesi Martin Schwartz Erie]. Brown Alan Rick Horwitz Timothy ]. Mitchison Jean Schwarzbauer Kevin P. Campbell M. Andrew Hoyt Randall T. Moon Shoichiro Tsukita Caroline Damsky Tony Hunter David Morgan David L. Vaux Pietro De Camilli FLd Hurt Bjorn Olsen Graham Warren Elisabetta ITejana Pony Hyman Leslie Parise Colin Watts Ray Deshaies Keith Joiner Mark Peifer Judith White David Drubin Rudy Juliano Daphne Preuss Junying Yuan William Earnshaw Eric Karsenti xMartin Raff .Marino Zerial Scott Emr Gerard Karsenw Tom Rapoport Managing Editor Michael T. Rossner Tel.: (212) 327-8881 | Fax: (212) 327-8576 E-mail: [email protected] Volume 154, 2001 Editorial Assistants Jackie Holloway | Helen Lee | Sati Motieram j Heather \'lach The Rockefeller Universiw Press 1114 First Avenue, New York, NY 10021 2' iqOl-2001 2 THE Tel.: (212) 327-8581 | Fax: (212) 32:’-8576 _ ROCKEFELLER , i UNIVERSITY ~ E-mail: [email protected] ■f -<«- Copyediting and Production Paula j. Blinebn.' j Greg S. Boustead Published biweekly by Colleen M. Smith | Matthew Webb The Rockefeller University Press www.jcb.org Production Director Suzanne M. Runvan Electronic Publishing Director Robert ]. O’Donnell News - - Research Articles - Editorial Reports Ceil biology's journal gets a new look 9 ZNF265—a novel spliceosomal 1. Mcliman protein able to induce alternative splicing In this Issue I).J. .Adams, 1.. van dcr Weyden, .A. Mayeda, • Long live the pore 10 S. .Stamm, B.J. Morris, and J.F.J. Rasko • RhoA brings up the rear • Transcription in tight quarters Articles • Cataracts and NrCAM Large-scale chromatin decondensation 33 • How Toxoplasma hooks up On the Cover • Clumping lysosomes and recondensation regulated by Monocytes inhibited for transcription from a natural promoter A.W. Dove RhoA can still crawl for¬ wards, but they fail to W.C'i. .Miiller, D. XA'alker, G.I.. H,igcr. and Research Roundup pick up their back ends. J. G. .McNally The trailing tails are • Translation in the nucleus 12 packed with integrin ad¬ • Algal Rb sets size limits hesions. See page 147. Normal telomere length and 49 • Containing the bullet Cover design based chromosomal end capping in • Taking tea with actin and microtubules on a concept by Leslie poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-deficient • Microtubules concentrate Thomas, Heidelberg, Germany. mice and primary cells despite W'.A. Wells increased chromosomal instability Meeting Report K. Samper, F..A. Goytisolo, |. Menissier-de Murcia, F. Cionz.ilez-Suarez, Death and Destruction: The Cold 14 I.C!. Cigudosa, ti. de .Murcia, and .M..A. Blasco Spring Harbor Meeting on Proteolysis and Biological Control. May 2-6, 2001 A role for nuclear lamins in nuclear 61 W.A. Wells envelope assembly R.l. l.opez-Soler. R.F). .Moir, F.P. Spann, - Reviews - R. Stick, and R.!"). Cioldman Nuclear pore complexes form 71 Comments’' immobile networks and have a very Nuclear pore complexes: dynamics in 17 low turnover in live mammalian cells unexpected places .N. l^aiglc, J. Bcaudouin. 1.. Hartnell, tj. Imrch, S.K. l.yman and 1.. Gerace FI. Hallhcrg, 1. I.ippincott-Schwartz, and |. Fllcnbcrg Fishing out proteins that bind to titin 21 Activity of the APC*'*"’’ form of the 85 J.W. Sanger and J,.M. Sanger anaphase-promoting complex persists until S phase and prevents the Articles with related stories in the In This Issue section have premature expression of Cdc20p page numbers in red; articles J.N. Fluang, 1. Park. F. Fllingson, with Comments have page numbers in blue. I..F. I ittlcpagc. and H. Pcilman Vav2 is required for cell spreading Articles (cont.) P,A, Marignani and CEE, CEirpenter The Toxoplasma gondii protein ROP2 mediates host organelle association Targeted ablation of NrCAM or with the parasitophorous vacuole ankyrin-B results in disorganized lens membrane fibers leading to cataract formation A.l’. Sinai and K.A. Joiner M.l, More, E,-P, Kirsch, and E,(E Rathjen Human VamSp promotes lysosome The colocalization of novel role for FGF and extracellular clustering and fusion in vivo connexin 43 (green) signal-regulated kinase in gap with pi 20 catenin (red) S. C'aplan. L.M. Hartnell, R.C. Aguilar, has implications for mo¬ junction-mediated intercellular N, N'aslavskv, and 1,S, Bonilacino tility in cardiac neural communication in the lens crest cells. See page 61. A.-C.N. Ee and E.S. .Mu.sil Obscurin, a giant sarcomeric Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor Modulation of mouse neural crest cell protein involved in sarcomere motility by N-cadherin and connexin assembly 43 gap junctions P, d oling, E, Ehler, and .\1. Gautel X. Xu, \N .E,E Ei, C,'>’, Eluang, R, Mever, r, Cdicn, V, Euo, .\EP, T homas, Ct,E, Radicc, Myosin II dynamics and cortical flow andCEW, Eo during contractile ring formation in Dictyostelium cells Multiple cadherin extracellular repeats mediate homophilic binding and adhesion RhoA is required for monocyte tail ,S. C'happuis-lTamcnt, E, W’ong, E.D, Hicks retraction during transendothelial CE.NE Kav, and B,M. C'lumhiner migration R,A, W’orthylake, S. l.emoine, Watson, and K, Burridge The LD4 motif of paxillin regulates cell spreading and motility through an Normal nuclear enve¬ lope assembly (top) is interaction with paxillin kinase linker disrupted by interfering (PKL) with lamins (bottom). See page 217. K,A, 'X'est, FE /hang, M,(E Brown, S,N, Nikolopoulo.s, .NEC, Riedy, A.E, Horwitz, and CEE, 1 timer 11 The journal of ^ | Bioiog^ Volume 154 1 No. 2 July 23, 2001 News - - Research Articles - In this issue Of coilin and Cajal bodies Regulation of limb patterning by A dystroglycan ligand in the brain extracellular microfibrils Matrix patterning of digits Bringing channels into the node E. Artcaga-Solis. B. tlayraud, S.Y. Lee, L. Shum, Tenascin turns on the EGFR L. Sakai, and F, Ramirez K. jcgalian Research Roundup The replication timing program of the Chinese hamster ^-globin Fail-safe replication On the Cover Tensegrity lives locus is established coincident Christmas in )uly Lack of a matrix compo¬ with its repositioning near peripheral nent (fibrillin 2) leads to Keeping the lid on destruction a limb-patterning defect heterochromatin in early G1 phase 1 .M. Powicdgc in mice (bottom). Tbe F, 1.1, J, ('hen, ,\1. l/iimi, .\1.C. Butler, syndactyly in tbe mutant S.M. Keezer, and Gilbert mice is primarily due to - Reviews - a defect in mesenchyme differentiation ratber Residual Cajal bodies in coilin than a reduction in knockout mice fail to recruit Sm Comments apoptosis of interdigital tissue. See page 275. snRNPs and SMN, the spinal Mystery solved: discovery of a novel muscular atrophy gene product integrin ligand in the developing kidney K.E. Fucker, .\1.1. Berciano, E.V. Jacobs, D. F. LePage, K.B. Shpargei, J.j. Rossire, E. K,E, Chan, M, Eatarga, R,.\. Conlon, Mini-Reviews and A,G. ,\latera Mitosis, microtubules, and the matrix Targeting of an abundant cytosolic J.M. Scholey, ti.C], Rogers, and D.J. Sharp form of the protein import receptor atTocl59 to the outer chloroplast Hsp90: a specialized but essential membrane protein-folding tool A. Hiltbrunner, J, Bauer, P.-A. \’idi, S, Intanger, J.C. \’oung, 1. Moarefi, and F.U. Idartl P, W'eibei, \E Hoh\v\,and E, Kessler Golgi clusters and vesicles mediate mitotic inheritance independently of the endoplasmic reticulum F^, jokitalo, N. ('abrera-Poch, G. VCarren, and l').’F, Shima Articles with related stories in the In This Issue section have page numbers in red; articles with Comments have page numbers in blue. mua-3, a gene required 415 Articles (cont.) for mechanical tissue integrity Adenovirus E4orf4 protein induces in Caenorhabditis elegans, encodes PP2A-dependent growth arrest a novel transmembrane protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and of epithelial attachment complexes interacts with the anaphase-promoting M. Bcrcher, J. M'ahl, B.E. V'ogcl, C. l.u. complex/cyclosome E.M. Hcdgccock, D.EE Hall, and J.I). PlcncEisch D. Kornitzer, R. Shart, and T. Klcinbcrgcr Sodium channel and P3 subunits 427 Novel p62dok family members, dok-4 associate with neurofascin through MU P-4 (red) is required and dok-5, are substrates of the c-Ret for mechanical coupling their extracellular immunoglobulin¬ receptor tyrosine kinase and mediate of tissues in the worm. like domain See page 403. neuronal differentiation C.E. Ratclille, R.EE Wcstcnhrock, R. Curtis, J. Grimm, M. Sachs, S. Britsch, S. Di Cesarc, and W.A. Ciattcrall r. Schwarz-Romond, K. Alitalo, and W. Birchmeier A stoichiometric complex of neurexins 435 Regulation of presynaptic 355 and dystroglycan in brain phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate S. Sugita, E. Saito, J. Pang, J. Satz, by neuronal activity K. Camphell. and 1 .C. Siidhot K.D. Micheva. R.W. Holz, and S.J. Smith Identification and characterization 447 Vitamin D3 promotes the 369 of a novel extracellular matrix protein differentiation of colon carcinoma cells nephronectin that is associated with by the induction of E-cadherin and integrin aSpi in the embryonic kidney the inhibition of ^-catenin signaling R. Brandcnhcrgcr, A. Schmidt. J. Linton, I). Wang, C. Backus, S. I^cnda, U. Miillcr, H.G. Palmer, J..\t. Gonzalez-Sancho, J. Espada, and I..E. Reichardt M.T. Bcrciano, I. Puig. J. Baulida, M. Quintanilla, A. Cano, A.G. de Elerreros, M. Eatarga, and A. .Munoz Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like 459 repeats of human tenascin-C as Vaccinia virus utilizes microtubules ligands for EGF receptor for movement to tbe cell surface Vitamin promotes co¬ C.S. Swindle, K. 1. I ran, l .D. Johnson, lon carcinoma cell dif¬ M. Hollinshead, G. Rodger, H. Van Eijl, ferentiation by inducing P. Banerjee, A.M. Mayes, 1.. Griffith, and A. M'ells .M. l.aw, R. Elollinshead, D.J.’l. Vaux, the expression of E-cad¬ and G.L. Smith herin (red) and thus the Additions and corrections 469 translocation and colo¬ calization of |3-catenin MU P-4 is a novel transmembrane 403 (green). See page 369. protein with functions in epithelial cell adhesion in Caenorhabditis elegans L. Eiong, 1. Elhl, J. Ward, C. Eranzini-.Armstrong, K.K. Ryhicka, B.K. Gatewood, E).I. Baillie, and E..A. Bucher In this Issue Reports • Putting cell polarity on the map 478 Activated platelets mediate 485 • How to survive a macrophage attack inflammatory signaling by regulated • Deleting keratins to find one interleukin I3 synthesis • ARNO gets things moving S. Lindcmann, N.D. 1 ollcy, D.A. Dixon, • The hidden power of platelets T .M. MclnrvTf, S.M. Prescott, Ci.A. Zimmerman, and A.S. We\ ric A.W'. Dove Junctional adhesion molecule (JAM) 491 On the Cover Research Roundup binds to PAR-3: a possible mechanism A protein interaction for the recruitment of PAR-3 to tight • Sudden bacterial death syndrome 430 map for cell polarity in junctions yeast reveals new con¬ • A nurse for bicoid nections between cellu¬ M. Itoh, H. Sasaki, M. Fiiruse, H. (^/aki, • Formin a link to microtubules lar processes, and new r. Kita, and S. I'sukita • Transcription gets a licence candidate yeast polarity factors such as Ypr171w • Touching cells transform (localization pictured in overlay). See page 549. Articles W'.A. Wells RNA-mediated interaction of 499 Cajal bodies and U2 snRNA genes Meeting Report M.R. Frey and A.Ci. Matera Biotechnology on Parade: BIO 2001 482 San Diego, CA June 24-27, 2001 Barentsz is essential for the posterior 511 W.A. Wells localization of oskar mRNA and colocalizes with it to the posterior pole F.J.M. van Eedcn, l..\l. Palacios, M. Petronezki. M.J.D. Weston, and D. St Johnston Head-to-tail oligomerization of 525 calsequestrin: a novel mechanism for heterogeneous distribution of endoplasmic reticulum luminal proteins C'l. Clatti, S. Tritari, N. Mesaeli. Parker, \l. Michalak, and j. Meldolesi Articles with related stories in the In This Issue section have page numbers in red. Myosin light chain kinase binding Articles (cont.) to a unique site on F-actin revealed Clathrin-dependent and -independent by three-dimensional image internalization of plasma membrane reconstruction sphingolipids initiates two Golgi V. Match, G. Zhi, E. Smith, J. I . Stull, targeting pathways R. (Yaig, and W. Echman V'. Puri. R. 'OC'atanabc, R.l). Singh, M. Dominguez, J.C^ Brown, C.L. Wheatley, Discovery of a novel murine keratin 6 D.L. Marks, ami R.E. Pagano (K6) isoform explains the absence of hair and nail defects in mice deficient A protein interaction map for ceil for K6a and K6b polarity development Barentsz colocalizes with oskar mRNA (see S. .M. 'X'ojcik, M.A. l.ongley, and D.R. Roop B.L. Drees, B. Sundin, E. Brazeau, above) and is necessary |.P. Caviston, G.-C. Chen, W. Ciuo, for oskar mRNA's polar Role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase K. G. Kozminski. MAX'. I.au, I.J. Moskow, localization. See page A. long, 1..R. Schenkman, A. McKenzie 111, 511. and Rab5 effectors in phagosomal P. Brennwald. M. Longtinc, E. Bi, C. C'han, biogenesis and mycobacterial P. Novick, C. Boone, J.R. Pringle, E.N. Davis, phagosome maturation arrest S. Fields, and D.G. Drubin R. A. Fratti, j.M. Backer, j. Grticnbcrg, S. Corvera, and \'. Derctic Expression of a-catenin in a-catenin- deficient cells increases resistance to High resolution mapping of mast cell sphingosine-induced apoptosis membranes reveals primary and S. .Marsubara and M. Ozawa secondary domains of FceRI and LAT B.S. Wilson, J.R. Plcillcr, Z. Stirviladzc, Neuronal survival induced by E.A. Gaudet, and J.M. CMivcr neurotrophins requires calmodulin J. Egea, C. Espinet, R.M. Soler, X. Dolcet, Coordinated expression of matrix Gla V.J. Yuste, M. Encinas, M. Iglesias, protein is required during endochondral N. Rocamora, and J.X. Cornelia ossification for chondrocyte survival B. Newman, L.l. Gigout, E. Sudre, .Vl.Fl. Grant, Activation of ARF6 by ARNO and G.A. Wallis stimulates epithelial cell migration Sphingomyelin uptake through downstream activation of occurs via two path¬ ways, one of which can both Rad and phospholipase D be perturbed by high cholesterol. See page L. C. Sanr\' and J.E. Casanova Volume 154 | No. 4 August 20, 2001 - News - - Research Articles - in this Issue^ Reports • Cross-linking can be good 674 Centromere identity in Drosophila is 683 • CENP-E falls off not determined in vivo by replication • Zones and rings in wound healing timing • Making virus in the axon B. Sullivan and tl. Karpcn • Compartmentalized insulin signaling W'.A. Wells The BPAGl locus: alternative splicing 691 produces multiple isoforms with Research Roundup distinct cytoskeletal linker domains, On the Cover • Garbage in, garbage out 676 When Duox is prevent¬ including predominant isoforms in • Running interference ed from crosslinking the neurons and muscles tyrosines of cuticular • Cell cycling with Rac C. L. l.vung, M. Zheng, S.-\!. Prater, collagen, the layers of and R.K.H. l.iem • The (formerly) missing link the worm cuticle detach from each other. See • Shedding light on protein folding page 881. Regulation of cytokine-independent 699 1. Powiedgc survival kinase (CISK) by the Phox homology domain and - Reviews - phosphoinositides J, Xu, 1), Liu, G, Gill, and Z, Songyang Mini-Reviews Articles Abpi p and cortactin, new "hand¬ 679 Elevating the level of Cdc34/Ubc3 707 holds" for actin ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in l.M. Ola/.iibal and I..M. Macheskv mitosis inhibits association of CENP-E with kinetochores and blocks metaphase alignment of chromosomes l.,M, Topper, H. Bastians, J,V. Ruderman, and CL). Gorbskv Thylakoid ApH-dependent precursor 719 proteins bind to a cpTatC-Hcfl 06 complex before Tha4-dependent transport R. Cdine and H. .Mori Articles with related stories in the In This Issue section have page numbers in red. v-Src phosphorylation of connexin 43 815 Articles (cont.) on Tyr247 and Tyr265 disrupts gap The discrepancy between presenilin 731 junctional communication subcellular localization and k. kin. B.J. 'X'arn-C.ramer, W'.l'.. Kurata. y-secretase processing of amyloid and A.F. I.aii precursor protein 1’. Capers, M. Ik'iitahir, K. Oacssaens, Lipid raft microdomain 829 I. Orlans, H. X’andersrichclc, P. .Sahig, compartmentalization oftCIO is B. Dc Strooper, and W. Annacrt required for insulin signaling and GLUT4 translocation A conserved a-herpesvirus protein 741 Centromeric chromatin (on a minichromosome R. r. W arson. S. .Shigematsu. ' -H. Chiang, necessary for axonal localization of indicated by the arrow) S. Mora. M, Kan/aki, l.('i. Ma ara. A.R. Saltiel. viral membrane proteins is functional despite and |.F. Pessin replicating neither early M.j. l omishima and I..\V. Hnquist (red) or late (green) in S phase. See page 683. LAD-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans 841 Disruption of cytoskeletal integrity 753 LI CAM homologue, partit ipates in impairs Gj-mediated signaling due to embryonic and gonadal displacement of Gj proteins morphogenesis and is a substrate for fibroblast growth factor rt ceptor W. Bloch, . I an, J. Han, ,S. Xuc, T. ,Schdnchcrg, C. Ji, Z.J. l.u, M, W’althcr, pathway-dependent phosphotyrosine- R, l assIcT, J. Hc'schfler, K. Addicks, based signaling and B.K. Flcischmann 1 . Cdtcn, B. Oni;. and \'. Bcnn tt Simple epithelium keratins 8 and 18 763 The AP2 binding site of synaptotagmin 857 provide resistance to Fas-mediated 1 is not an internalization signal but a apoptosis. The protection occurs regulator of endocytosis through a receptor-targeting modulation N. laroussc and R.B. Kcllv S. Cilbcrt, A. l.orangcr, N. Daigle, and Marceau CRYP-2/cPTPRO Is a neurite 867 inhibitory repulsive guidance cue for retinal neurons in vitro Comparisons of CapG and gelsolin- null macrophages: demonstration of a I- Stcpanck. Q.k. .Sun. j. W'ang. C.. Wang, unique role for CapG in receptor- and j.l . Bixb\ mediated ruffling, phagocytosis, and vesicle rocketing Tyrosine cross-linking of extracellular 879 matrix is catalyzed by Duox, a W'itke, W. l.i, D.|, Kwiatkovvski, and I'..S. Southwick multidomain oxidase/peroxidase with homology to the phagocyte oxidase An amyloid precursor subunit gp91pbox Contraction and polymerization protein (APP) derivative cooperate to assemble and close (green) that is retained \\ .A. Fklcns, 1.. Sliarling. C'l. (dicng. R. Shapira. actomyosin rings around Xenopus in the ER colocalizes J..M. Kinkadc. F. l.cc. H.A. kdens X. Fang. with presenilin 1 (PS1; Sullards. l^.B. Flahert}-. (I.M. Bcnian. oocyte wounds red) but shows little or and j.n. l.ambcrh C.A. Mandate) and \X’,M. Bement no processing. This is further evidence that PS1 may not be suffi- Additions and Corrections 893 Impaired skin wound healing in 799 cient for APP process¬ ing. See page 731. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)a and PPAR(3 mutant mice I, . Michalik, B. Desvergne, N.S. I'an, S. Basu-Mi)dak, B. Eschcr, J, Rieusset, J. M. Peters, C. Kaya, F,|. Conzalez, J. Zakany, I). Metzger. P, Chambon, I). Duboule, and W. Wahli