Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 100-105.

476 Pages·2014·1.84 MB·English

Literature

2013 |2012 |2011 |2010 |2009 |2007 |2006 |2005 |2004 |2003 |2002 |2001 |2000 |1999 |
Molecular biology of Tomato spotted wilt virus: An update
Saurabh Kulshrestha, Anshul Sharma and Chandrika Attri Seth
Faculty of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences,
Bajhol, Solan, HimachalPradesh, India.
Key words: TSWV, Thrips, L RNA, M RNA, S RNA, Intergenic region
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 71-80.
Abstract: Advances in understanding of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) molecular biology
are reviewed. TSWV, a type species of the genus Tospovirus, is an enveloped virus that
causes high economical losses in many crops worldwide. It is transmitted by several species of
thrips and multiplies in insect cells. The most important vector is Frankliniella occidentalis
which transmits TSWV in a persistent propagative manner. Several factors are known from
both virus and vector side which plays important role in virus acquisition by thrips and its
subsequent transfer. TSWV is a segmented negatively strand RNA virus. RNA of TSWV is
partitioned among three negative or ambisense single stranded RNA (ssRNA) labeled as L, M
and S in order of decreasing size, (approximately 8897, 4821 and 2916 nucleotides long,
respectively). These RNA segments encode various proteins like N and Ns by S RNA; NSm and
G1/G2 by M RNA and RdRp by L RNA. Intergenic region present in M and S RNA of TSWV
helps in proper transcription of different genes encoded by M and S RNA. The different
proteins encoded by TSWV genome help the virus in protection, cellular movements, vector
transmission, replication and recently in RNA silencing suppressor activity. The present review
focuses on basic structure, genome organization, molecular basis of transmission and recent
advances in TSWV detection.

Differential response of citrus rootstocks to CuEDTA concentration in
sand culture
Joseph P. Albano, Kim D. Bowman and P. Chris Wilson
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, United States
Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, Florida 34945-3030, USA.
Key words: Orange tree, grove, orchard, nutrient toxicity, nutrient deficiency, chelates
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 81-86.
Full text PDF |
Abstract: Florida citrus groves that have been under continuous production for many years
often have high levels of soil-fraction copper (Cu) from the use of Cu-containing fertilizers and
pesticides. On such groves, citrus trees may develop Cu toxicity, a disorder that impacts both
plant growth and nutrition. The objectives of this study were to investigate the growth and
nutritional response of six citrus rootstock seedling varieties grown in sand in 3.8 L containers
to increasing concentrations of Cu-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CuEDTA). Citrus
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rootstocks included in the study were: 'Swingle' citrumelo [SC (Citrusparadisi x Poncirus
trifoliata)], 'Volkamer' lemon [VL (C. volkameriana)], 'Cleopatra' mandarin [CM (Citrus
reticulata)], 'Flying Dragon' trifoliate [FD (P trifoliata)], 'US-812' [US812 ('Sunki' mandarin x
'Benecke' trifoliate)], and 'US-897' [US897 (CMx FD)]. Incorporated into a complete nutrient
solution, Cu was supplied at 0.05, 0.25, 1.00 and 2.00 mg L-1. Citrus rootstock but not Cu
treatment was significant for root and leaf dry mass with FD and VL having the least and
greatest total plant dry mass, respectively. Rootstock and Cu treatment was significant for
root and leaf Cu. As a mean of Cu treatments, foliar Cu ranged from 4.05 ug g-1 (CM) to 7.74
ug g-1 (US812); and root Cu ranged from 30.18 ug g-1 (FD) to 61.08 ug g-1 (VL). Rootstock
but not Cu treatment was significant for Ca, K, Mg, P, Fe, Mn and Zn. 'Volkamer' lemon had
significantly higher levels of foliar Ca, K, and Mg than the other rootstocks; and along with
US812, the highest level of foliar Fe. For all nutrients analyzed except for Mg, accumulation
was greater in roots than in leaves. Magnesium, as a mean of rootstocks, accumulated equally
in roots and leaves. Subjective visual observations of plants at harvest for nutrient disorder
revealed that young terminal-growth leaves of VL and SC in the highest Cu treatment (2.00
mg L-1) showed few to pronounced symptoms of a micronutrient-type disorder, respectively,
that correlated with increasing Cu treatment. Based on visual symptoms in the highest Cu
treatment (interveinal chlorosis and leaf/leaflet deformation/cupping), plants segregated as
follows from greatest to least expression of the observed micronutrient-like disorder: SC > CM/
FD > US812/US897 > VL.
Growth control and flower promotion of Salvia with benzyladenine
foliar sprays
Dennis J. Carey, Barbara A. Fair, Wayne Buhler, Ingram McCall and Brian E. Whipker
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7609,
Key words: 6-Benzylaminopurine, N6-Benzyladenine, Configure, cytokinin, meadow sage,
plant growth regulator
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 87-89.
Abstract: Foliar sprays of benzyladenine (BA) at concentrations of 100 to 1600 mg L1 were
applied 14 days after potting (DAP) onto Salvia nemorosa (L.) Caradonna' to determine if it
would increase branching and flowering. At 28 DAP, BA foliar sprays > 400 mg L1 controlled
plant height, > 200 mg L1 resulted in smaller plant diameter, 100 mg L1 controlled growth
index and inhibited flowering. Phytotoxicity in the form of leaf edge necrosis was observed at
1600 mg L1 BA. Flowering was delayed by two to three weeks with > 400 mg L1 BA, however
the plants were more compact, and the total number of flower stalks produced increased by
350 %. Total growing time to achieve maximum increased flower stalk number was an
additional 21 days and growers will have to determine if the trade-off of flower delay is worth
having more compact plants with 350 % more flowers. In a second experiment, BA was
applied 13 DAP as a foliar spray at 0, 125, 250 and 500 mg L-1 to Salvia 'Ultra Violet', Salvia
Marcus?, and Salvia 'May Night'. Plant height, number of flowering shoots, and flowering dates
were recorded. Growth control effect was not observed with BA on 'Ultra Violet' plants, and
control effect was limited and inconsistent for both 'May Night' and Marcus?. Thus, cultivar
response to BA varies, and individual trials will have to be conducted to determine BA
suitability as a growth enhancer.
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Ecophysiological performance of eight Jatropha curcas L. provenances
cultivated in Tunisia
Z. Nasr, M.L. Khouja, R. Aini, A. Hammadi, H. Manai and B. Mimouni
Institut National de la Recherche en Genie Rural, Eaux et Forets Rue Hedi Karray, BP10 2080
Ariana - Tunisia
Key words: Biodiesel crops, irrigated jatropha, semi-arid areas, genetic diversity, global
warming
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 90-94.
Abstract: Bio-diesel crops are presented as a potential tool to mitigate global warming.
However, these crops are often highly water consuming, which limits their use in semi-arid
areas. In this respect, the Jatropha is considered by many researchers as the most
appropriate species in these dry conditions. The aim of our investigation was to study the
possibility of its use in Tunisia regarding its behavior in semi-arid area of the north-west
region. Eight provenances of Jatropha curcas L. introduced from Brazilia (5), Surinam (1),
Mosambic (1) and Tanzania (1) were compared on the basis of their ecophysiological
performance. Results showed variability in photosynthesis, leaf transpiration, chlorophyll
content and leaf growth between accessions during the growing season. Average
photosynthesis and leaf transpiration values ranged from 7 to 13 Limol m-2 s-1 and from 2.5
to 3.5 mmol m-2 s-1, respectively. Specific dry matter per unit leaf area varied from 50 g m-2
to 90 g m-2. Provenances from the Mozambic and Prana with the lowest biomass per unit leaf
area and high photosynthetic capacity are more likely to offer greater productivity in semi-arid
zone.
Effect of explants, bacterial cell density and overgrowth-control
antibiotics on transformation efficiency in tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum L.)
B.D. Pawar, A.S. Jadhav, A.A. Kale, V.P. Chimote and S.V. Pawar
State Level Biotechnology Centre, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra,
India.
Key words: Agrobacterium, GUS, transformation, Solanum lycopersicum L.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 95-99.
Abstract: Improved protocol for Agrobacterium mediated transformation of tomato cultivar,
"Dhanshree" was developed by optimizing various parameters that affect transformation
efficiency. In the present investigation, Agrobacterium strain EHA 105 harboring a pBI121:
gus gene construct was used for transformation. The kanamycin concentration was
standardized and 50 mg/L was found to be optimum based on lethal effect to the explants.
Effect of varying concentration of Agrobacterium on the transformation efficiency of cotyledon
explants revealed that the concentration of 0.2 at OD was optimum. Cotyledons proved to
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be better for transformation as compared to hypocotyls and leaf explants. Highest
transformation efficiency was obtained in 7-14 days old cotyledon which was precultured for
one day on the MS medium containing 2 mg/L zeatin and 0.2 mg/L IAA. It was then co-
cultivated with Agrobacterium for 3 days on the same medium composition used for
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preculture. Subsequently the explants were transferred to selective shooting medium
supplemented with 50 mg/L kanamycin, 250 mg/L cefotaxime and 250 mg/L carbenicillin.
These explants were maintained for 6-8 weeks which resulted in more than 12 %
transformation efficiency as judged by GUS assay technique.
Effect of modified atmospheric packaging on chilling injury and shelf-
life of custard apple fruits
R.A. Patil, D.V. Sudhakar Rao and B. Manasa
Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560
065. Division of Postharvest Technology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research,
Hessaraghatta, Bengaluru-560 089. India.
Key words: MAP, custard apple, Annona squamosa, ripening rate, chilling injury, firmness,
TSS, packaging film, temperature
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 100-105.
Abstract: Laboratory experiment was conducted to study the effect of modified atmospheric
packaging on chilling injury and shelf-life of custard apple fruits at the division of Postharvest
Technology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Hessaraghatta, Bengaluru,
during September-October, 2009. The experiment was conducted in factorial completely
randomized design. Three different kinds of flexible films viz. low density polyethylene (LDPE),
Cryovac Opti 300 and Cryovac PD-961 of 30 x 25 cm size were used for packaging of fruits as
main treatment. Eight fruits were packed in each film bag and these packs were further
master packed in ventilated CFB boxes. The boxes were then stored in "Walk-in" cold rooms
maintained at 8, 12 and 15 oC (85-90 % RH), respectively. The observations were recorded at
weekly intervals. Results of the study revealed that MAP of custard apple fruits with LDPE or
Cryovac PD-961 film could alleviate the chilling injury at 8 ?C to considerable extent, besides
extending the storage life. The non-packed control fruits could be stored up to three weeks at
8 oC, but these fruits lacked desirable appearance due to development of chilling injury. At 12
oC, the fruits could be kept in unripe condition up to two weeks, when the fruits were packed
either in LDPE or Cryovac PD-961 film, when compared to four days in non-packed fruits at
room temperature. These fruits ripened normally without chilling injury (CI) in three days
when they were shifted to RT after unpacking. It can be concluded that the storage life of
custard apple fruits could be extended at 12 oC without any CI by packing the fruits in LDPE or
Cryovac PD-961 film.
Effect of plant bio-regulators on fruit growth, quality and productivity of
pear [Pyrus pyrifolia (Brum.) Nakai] cv Gola under tarai condition
Manoj Kundu, Ritu Joshi, P.N. Rai and L.D. Bist
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and
Technology, Pantnagar- 263145 (Uttarakhand), India
Key words: Pear, plant bio-regulators (PBRs), trunk soil line pore (TSLP), productivity, total
sugar content, TSS to acid ratio.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 106-109.
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Abstract: Pear (Pyrus spp.) mainly cultivated in the temperate Himalayan region of India, is
an important fruit crop. Although, it is a temperate fruit but tarai region of northern India
have great potential for growing different low chilling cultivars of this fruit. But the main
problem of these low chill cultivars in this area is vigorous growth with shy bearing habit with
heavy fruit drop and poor fruit growth resulting very low yield with much inferior fruit quality
as compared to fruits produced in temperate region. Plant bio-regulators have the great
potential to boost up reproductive growth resulting higher yield with better quality fruits under
tarai region. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to study the role of different plant bio-
regulators (PBRs) to prevent fruit drop and to improve fruit growth, quality and the
productivity of low chill pear cv Gola. Fifteen years old Gola trees were foliar sprayed or soil
drenched with different PBRs viz., gibberellin (GA ), benzyl adenine (BA) and paclobutrazol
3
(PP ) at petal fall (PF) stage followed by two and four weeks after PF or at late fall stage.
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The results indicate that different treatments had significant effect on all the parameters
studied. Minimum fruit drop and maximum productivity was depicted in foliar and soil
application of PP followed by foliar spray of GA . However, fruit growth (length and width)
333 3
and volume at maturity and total sugar content was recorded maximum in combined
application of GA and BA. Foliar as well as soil application of PP was also found effective
3 333
for increasing the sugar content of the fruit while maximum TSS to acid ratio was also
recorded in these two treatments. Based on results, it could be said that the foliar as well as
the soil application of PP is highly effective for controlling shy bearing problem with minimal
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fruit drop and improved fruit quality resulting higher productivity of marketable fruits of better
quality.
An efficient selfing technique for inbred development-A prerequisite for
hybrid production in petunia
K. Swathi, Tejaswini and K.V. Jayaprasad
Division of Ornamental Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesserghatta,
Bangaluru-560089, India
Key words: Bagging, hybrids, inbreds, inbreeding depression, petunia
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 110-113.
Abstract: Petunia is one of the important bedding plants and occupies an ever increasing
demand in flower seed industry. The present study was carried out to evaluate various selfing
techniques to identify the efficient one for the production of large quantity of seeds in short
duration to facilitate inbred development. Different selfing techniques like threading, manual
pollination, bagging of single bud and bagging of multiple buds were tried in three inbred lines
and also their interactions were studied. The results indicated that bagging of multiple buds
took minimum days to seed set, higher pod weight and highest number of seeds/mg. Seed
germination percentage was high in manual pollination followed by bagging of multiple buds.
Inbred lines IIHRP-WT gave best results as compared to other inbred lines. Interaction of this
inbred line with bagging of multiple buds gave good seed quality results like higher pod weight
and number of seeds/mg.
Performance of novel insecticide for management of onion thrips
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(Thrips tabaci L.)
Durga Singh, R.P.S. Shaktawat and I.S. Naruka
Krishi Vigyan Kendra and Department of Plantation and Spice Crops, College of Horticulture,
Mandsaur (MP)-458001 India
Key words: Thrips tabaci, onion, fipronil, lambda-cyhalothrin, thiacloprid, deltamethrin,
malathion
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 114-116.
Abstract: Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci L.) is a major pest of onion (Allium cepa L.) of family
Alliaceae in India and widely spread in summer season. For the control of its infestation, the
crop is sprayed intensively with insecticides. In order to find out the most efficient and eco-
friendly method of thrips control, an experiment was conducted at Shajapur (M.P.) during the
year 2007 and 2008 to assess the thrips population. Thrips population was counted at 15 days
interval. Thrips population was peaked in February when they reached the maximum mean
values ranging between 15.30 and 153.45 thrips per plant. The seven treatments of
insecticides i.e. fipronil 5 % SC, lambda-cyhalothrin 5 % EC, lambda-cyhalothrin 4.9 % CS,
thiacloprid 21.7 % SC, deltamethrin 11 % w/w EC, malathion 50 % EC were applied at 30, 45
and 60 days after transplanting of onion crop for management of onion thrips. Among all the
insecticides applied fipronil 5 % SC and lambda-cyhalothrin 4.9 % CS was the most effective
insecticide in reducing the thrips population and increasing the weight of exportable bulb and
yield of onion as compare to control and other insecticides. Fipronil 5 % SC treatment reduced
the thrips population by 98.56 percent over control and increased the bulb yield by 124.90
percent compared with control.
Studies on parasitoid complex of mealybug infesting grapes in
Maharashtra
U. Amala, D.S. Yadav and A.M. Bhosale
Department of Entomology, National Research Centre of Grapes, Solapur Road, P.B. No. 3,
Manjri Farm, Pune - 412 307, Maharashtra, India
Key words: Maconellicoccus hirsutus, parasitization, Leptomastix dactylopii, Encyrtidae,
Anagyrus dactylopii, mummies, Planococcus citri, Coccidoxenoides perminutus
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 117-119.
Abstract: Survey was conducted to investigate the parasitoid complex of mealybug infesting
grapes in the vineyards during 2012 to 2013. The parasitized mummies of mealybugs were
collected and held in the test tubes until the parasitoid emerged out. The emerged parasitoids
were identified and preserved. Three encyrtid parasitoids viz., Coccidoxenoides perminutus
Girault, Anagyrus dactylopii Howard, Leptomastix dactylopii Howard were found to effect
parasitization of the mealybugs. A. dactylopii was found specific to pink hibiscus mealybug,
Maconellicoccus hirsutus. L. dacylopii and C. perminutus were found parasitizing Planococcus
citri. Percent parasitization of mealybug by C. perminutus, A. dactylopii andL. dactylopii was
56.25, 72.72 and 81.81 per cent, respectively during the peak incidence of mealybugs. Mean
population of C. perminutus A. dactylopii and L. dactylopii were 6.3, 5.4 and 5.9 individuals
per vine.
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Population dynamics of red pumpkin beetle on cucumber in mid-hill
Himalayas
Sheikh Khursheed, Desh Raj and Nisar A. Ganie
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural
University Palampur-176 062 (H.P.) India.
Key words: Red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis, cucumber, population dynamics
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 120-123.
Abstract: The population dynamics of Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas in relation to abiotic
factors was studied on cucumber (Cucumis sativus), var. 'Khira-90' during 2009 and 2010.
Incidence of red pumpkin beetle in field indicated that its initial activity and peak period varied
with the locations and prevailing weather conditions. At Palampur, the insect was found active
from second fortnight of April with three peaks during 2nd and 4th weeks of May and 3rd week
of July, 2009 whereas, one major peak during 2nd week of May was recorded in 2010. At
farmer's field, Bara (Hamirpur) the insect first appearance was noticed during first fortnight of
March and reached to its peak during 3rd and 2nd weeks of April, 2009 and 2010, respectively.
The highest plant infestation (100 %) was observed when the crop was at its early growing
stage. The correlation studies revealed that average minimum temperature showed significant
negative correlation at farmer's field whereas other weather parameters had no significant
effect on the beetle population at Palampur as well as Bara.
Effect of N-sources on nitrogen use efficiency and nutrient content of
Ocimum canum plants grown using nutrient film technique (NFT)
Hassan A. Hamouda, A.A. El-Sayed, Mohamed M. El-Fouly, A.A. Fawzi, B.M. Mansour and H.A.
Bosila
Fertilization Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo-Dokki-Egypt
Key words: Ocimum canum, nutrient film technique (NFT), nitrogen utilization, uptake
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 124-127.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate which nitrogen source gives the highest
vegetative growth, nutrient uptake and highest nitrogen use efficiency of Ocimum canum
plant. Nutrient film technique was used to grow O. canum using different nitrogen sources;
Nitrate (calcium and potassium nitrate) (N), urea (U) and Ammonium nitrate (AN) in the same
dose. Results showed that in general, growth parameters and nutrient uptake by whole plant
and different plant organs were significantly higher in nitrate treatment in comparison with the
other sources. The nutrient solution containing ammonium nitrate gave the highest number of
leaves, number of branches, height and leaf area per plant, as well as fresh and dry weights.
Nitrogen use efficiency of N treatment (57 %) was a little bit higher than of AN (53 %), while
U nitrogen utilization was much lower (NUE = 31). In conclusion, when growing O. canum
using NFT, it is recommended that N should be supplied as ammonium nitrate.
Pollen storage and use for enhancing fruit production in kiwifruit
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(Actinidia deliciosa A. Chev.)
Sharmistha Naik, Poonam and Vishal Rana
Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni,
Solan-173 230, India.
Key words: Kiwifruit, pollen storage, pollen viability, in vitro pollen germination, absolute
pollen viability, TTC staining.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 128-132.
Abstract: Insufficient pollination due to asynchrony between staminate and pistillate
blossoms in kiwifruit and unfavourable environmental conditions results in reduced fruit size
and unequal fruit shape. In the present investigation an attempt was made to develop a
simple and reliable method for storage of kiwifruit pollen and their utilization in hand
pollination in following year. Pollen were stored at different temperatures [room temperature
(25 ? 2 0C), 4, 0 and -20 0C] for a period of one year. Pollen viability was determined at
monthly intervals using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and percent in vitro
germination using 14 % sucrose,1.7 mM calcium nitrate and 3mM Boric acid. Initial TTC
stainability (78.83 %), in vitro germination (65.55%) and absolute viability (51.72 %) of fresh
pollen went on reducing with storage periods. -20 0C was the best temperature at which
maximum viability of kiwifruit pollen can be retained up to one year. Pollination using pollen
stored for one year showed that pollen stored at -20 0C were able to set 100 % fruits, pollen
stored at 0 0C could set 36 % fruits, while there was no fruit setting with pollen stored at
room temperature and 4 0C. These findings have practical implications for kiwifruit production
in India. Artificial pollination with stored pollen can circumvent several uncertainties of natural
pollination and guarantee adequate pollination in kiwifruit.
Evaluation of makoi (Solanum nigrum L.) germplasm for growth, yield
and quality
C.S. Ravi, B.S. Sreeramu, A.P. Mallikarjuna Gowda and G.R. Smitha
Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vignan Kendra,
Bengaluru-560065, Karnataka, India.
Key words: Germplasm, growth, heritability, makoi, quality, yield.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 133-137.
Abstract: Evaluation of seventeen genotypes of makoi (Solanum nigrum L.) revealed
maximum dry herbage yield in MG-1 (209.07 g) followed by MG-14 (161.73 g). While, for
total alkaloid content the genotype MG-13 (0.23 % w/w) recorded highest followed by MG-16
(0.22 %w/w). The genotype MG-14 had maximum total alkaloid yield (12.26 kg ha-1) followed
by MG-13 (11.91 kg ha-1). Result of genetic studies revealed that phenotypic coefficient of
variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits studied, indicating
environmental influence on expression of these characters. Both GCV and PCV were high for
total alkaloid yield, moderate to high for remaining traits and low for days to maturity. High
heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for leaf area, total alkaloid
content and total alkaloid yield indicating the presence of additive gene effects. Hence,
selection can be employed for improvement of these characters in makoi. Dry herbage yield
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per plant was found to be positive and highly significant genotypic association with fresh
herbage yield, leaf area, number of leaves, plant spread and plant height and significant with
total alkaloid content. The total alkaloid yield had positive and highly significant genotypic
correlation with total alkaloid content. The total alkaloid yield had the maximum direct positive
effect on dry herbage yield followed by number of leaves and fresh herbage yield. The total
alkaloid content and dry herbage yield had the maximum direct effect on total alkaloid yield.
Response of magnesium oxide treatment and method of drying on
quality of dried lasoda (Cordia myxa Roxb.) fruits
M.R. Choudhary, S. Dadheech, S.P. Singh and R.S. Dhaka
S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner, Distt. Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Key words: Drying, magnesium oxide, blanching, solar drier, NEB, organoleptic acceptance.
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 138-141.
Abstract: Dried lasoda fruits are generally used as off-season vegetable in kitchen for
preparing curry, pickle, 'Pachkutta', a special five star hotel dish and snacks. The aim of the
study was to determine effect of concentration of magnesium oxide and drying method on
quality attributes of lasoda fruits viz., protein content, ascorbic acid, organoleptic acceptance,
solid gain ratio and minimum non-enzymatic browning (NEB). Mature, green and uniform
sized lasoda fruits were selected and blanched in various concentrations of magnesium oxide
(0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 %) before drying and dried under different drying methods (open sun,
solar and oven). The statistically better quality dried lasoda fruits were obtained when
blanched with 0.2 % magnesium oxide solution and dried in a solar drier.
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2013 |2012 |2011 |2010 |2009 |2007 |2006 |2005 |2004 |2003 |2002 |2001 |2000 |
1999 |
Molecular biology of Tomato spotted wilt virus: An update
Saurabh Kulshrestha, Anshul Sharma and Chandrika Attri Seth
Faculty of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management
Sciences, Bajhol, Solan, HimachalPradesh, India.
Key words: TSWV, Thrips, L RNA, M RNA, S RNA, Intergenic region
Journal of Applied Horticulture, 2013, volume 15, issue 2, pages 71-80.
Abstract: Advances in understanding of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)
molecular biology are reviewed. TSWV, a type species of the genus Tospovirus,
is an enveloped virus that causes high economical losses in many crops
worldwide. It is transmitted by several species of thrips and multiplies in insect
cells. The most important vector is Frankliniella occidentalis which transmits
TSWV in a persistent propagative manner. Several factors are known from
both virus and vector side which plays important role in virus acquisition by
thrips and its subsequent transfer. TSWV is a segmented negatively strand
RNA virus. RNA of TSWV is partitioned among three negative or ambisense
single stranded RNA (ssRNA) labeled as L, M and S in order of decreasing size,
(approximately 8897, 4821 and 2916 nucleotides long, respectively). These
RNA segments encode various proteins like N and Ns by S RNA; NSm and G1/
G2 by M RNA and RdRp by L RNA. Intergenic region present in M and S RNA of
TSWV helps in proper transcription of different genes encoded by M and S RNA.
The different proteins encoded by TSWV genome help the virus in protection,
cellular movements, vector transmission, replication and recently in RNA
silencing suppressor activity. The present review focuses on basic structure,
genome organization, molecular basis of transmission and recent advances in
TSWV detection.

Differential response of citrus rootstocks to CuEDTA
concentration in sand culture
Joseph P. Albano, Kim D. Bowman and P. Chris Wilson
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, United
http://horticultureresearch.net/abstract.php?a=2013 (1 of 38)2/16/2014 4:08:58 AM