Journal of African Transformation Revue des mutations en Afrique

234 Pages·2017·2.35 MB·English

Journal of African Transformation
Journal of African Transformation
Revue des mutations en Afrique
Volume 2, Numbers 1 & 2, 2017 Refections on Policy and Practice
Contents/Sommaire
Revue des mutations en Afrique
Editorial ........................................................................................................................................... v
Réfexions sur les politiques et les pratiques
Éditorial .......................................................................................................................................... ix
1. African Economies and Relevant Economic Analysis: A Structuralist
Approach to Economic Policy Research in Africa
Alemayehu Geda ...........................................................................................................1 Volume 2, Numbers 1 & 2, 2017 ISSN 2411-5002
2. Vulnérabilité socio-économique, stratégies de survie et d’accumulation
en zone rurale au Bénin : cas des populations
vivant sur les terres de barre du plateau d’Abomey
Nestor Alokpaï, Roch L. Mongbo, Sandra P. Mongbo, Augustin Aoudji .........35
3. The Challenges of the Narrative of African Economies’
Transformation
Dimitri Sanga ...............................................................................................................57
4. Women’s Empowerment: Reflection on Gumede’s conception of
‘Thought Leadership in Africa’
Francis Onditi ...............................................................................................................81
5. Politique industrielle et performance économique en Afrique :
le rôle du cadre institutionnel
Mohamed Tlili Hamdi, Mohamed Moëz Yaïche................................................ 113
6. Inégalité d’accès aux services d’assainissement en Afrique
subsaharienne : état des lieux et défis pour l’après 2015
Kabran Aristide Djane ............................................................................................. 153
7. Striving Towards an African-Centric Mode of Governance: Lessons
Learned from Development Communication in Anambra State, Nigeria
Kate Omenuga & Chekezie Uzegbunam ........................................................... 179
8. An Analysis of Zimbabwean Youths’ Socio-economic Trajectory and
Negotiation of Aspirations amidst Economic Turbulence
Tatenda Goodman Nhapi, Takudzwa L. Mathende ......................................... 201
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Journal of African Transformation • Revue des mutations en Afrique Volume 2, Numbers 1 & 2, 2017
Journal of African Transformation is an inter-disciplinary peer-reviewed journal published by the Council
Journal of African Transformation / Revue des mutations en Afrique for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) and the United Nations Economic
Commission for Africa (ECA).
Established in 1973, CODESRIA is a Pan-African organization seeking to contribute to the building of more
economically prosperous and politically stable and open societies in Africa through the promotion of basic
research in the social sciences.
Editors-in-Chief / Rédacteurs en Chef Created in 1958, ECA’s mandate is to promote the economic and social development of its member states,
foster intra-regional integration, and promote international cooperation for Africa’s development.
Said Adejumobi United Nations Economic Commission for Africa A collaborative project between Africa’s premier social science research organization (CODESRIA) and Africa’s
leading think tank on issues of socio-economic policy (ECA), the thoroughly multi-disciplinary character of
Takyiwaa Manuh United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
the journal refects the consensus of its collaborating partners on the complex and interwoven nature of the
(Feb. 2016 – June 2017) transformative processes and agendas that characterize today’s Africa.
These transformations span the political, social, economic, cultural, and technological spheres, with many
of them straddling these domains and interacting with each other in very complex ways. They are occurring
Editorial Advisory Board / Conseil consultatif éditorial at multiple levels that include the very local, national, regional and global. They encompass changes in
realms like gender and intergenerational relations, family and household confgurations, property regimes,
international political economies, and politics both local and national.
Thandika Mkandawire London School of Economics and Political Science
While some of these transformations take or aspire to a revolutionary character, others are of a slow
Abdoulaye Bathily Visiting Professor, African Leadership Centre,
evolutionary nature that is hardly noticed at any one moment but that leaves signifcant stamps on social
King’s College, London realities over time. The historical roots of these processes, how they play out over time, their impact on lives
on the continent and the futures they portend for the Africa engage contributors to the Journal of African
Stephen Karingi United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
Transformation.
Eskedar Nega United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
Jalal Abdel-Latif United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
La Revue des mutations en Afrique est une revue scientifque interdisciplinaire publiée par le Conseil pour le
Mama Keita United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
développement de la recherche en sciences sociales en Afrique (CODESRIA) et la Commission économique
Brahim El Morchid Faculté de Droit, Marrakech des Nations Unies pour l’Afrique (CEA).
Adama Diaw Université Gaston Berger Fondée en 1973, le CODESRIA est une organisation panafricaine qui cherche à contribuer à l’édifcation
de sociétés ouvertes en Afrique, économiquement plus prospères et politiquement stables, à travers la
Mame Fatou Diagne The World Bank
promotion de la recherche fondamentale en sciences sociales.
Patrick Willieu Université d’Orléans, Laboratoire d’Economie
Créé en 1958, le mandat de la CEA est de promouvoir le développement économique et social de ses Etats
d’Orléans (LEO)
membres, de favoriser l’intégration inter-régionale et de promouvoir la coopération internationale pour le
Celestin Monga African Development Bank développement de l’Afrique.
Souleymane Bachir Diagne Columbia University, New York Un projet collaboratif entre la première institution de recherche en sciences sociales en Afrique (CODESRIA)
et le premier « think tank » en Afrique sur les questions de politique socio-économique (CEA), le caractère
Justin Yifu Lin Peking University
bien pluridisciplinaire de la revue refète le consensus de ses partenaires par rapport à la nature complexe et
Winnie Mitullah Institute of Development Studies, University imbriquée des processus de transformation et des agendas qui caractérisent l’Afrique d’aujourd’hui.
of Nairobi
Ces transformations couvrent les domaines politiques, sociaux, économiques, culturels et technologiques,
Mamadou Diouf Columbia University, New York avec beaucoup d’entre elles à cheval sur ces domaines en plus d’une interaction de façon très complexe. Elles
se produisent à diférents niveaux : local, national, régional et mondial. Elles englobent des changements
Alemayehu Gedda Addis Ababa University dans des domaines tels que le genre et les relations intergénérationnelles, la famille et les confgurations
Faustin Kalabamu University of Botswana familiales, les régimes de propriété, les économies politiques internationales et la politique à la fois locale
et nationale.
Alors que certaines de ces transformations prennent ou aspirent à un caractère révolutionnaire, d’autres sont
d’une nature évolutive toutefois lente, difcile à remarquer, mais qui laissent des empreintes signifcatives sur
les réalités sociales au fl du temps. Les racines historiques de ces processus, la façon dont elles s’appliquent
au cours du temps, leur impact sur la vie dans l’ensemble du continent et l’avenir qu’elles présagent pour
l’Afrique de ces contributeurs engagés à la Revue des mutations en Afrique.
JOURNAL OF AFRICAN TRANSFORMATION
REVUE DES MUTATIONS EN AFRIQUE
Volume 2, Numbers 1 & 2, 2017
Biannual Journal of the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa and
the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
Revue biannuelle du Conseil pour le développement de la recherche en sciences sociales en
Afrique et de la Commission économique pour l’Afrique des Nations Unies
CODESRIA would like to express its gratitude to the Swedish International Development Coop­
eration Agency (SIDA), the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the Ford Foun­
dation, the Carnegie Corporation of New York (CCNY), the Norwegian Agency for Develop­
ment Cooperation (NORAD), the Danish Agency for International Development (DANIDA), the
French Ministry of Cooperation, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Neth­
erlands Ministry of Foreign Afairs, the Rockefeller Foundation, the Open Society Foundations
(OSFs), Trust Africa, UNESCO, UN Women, the African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF)
and the Government of Senegal for supporting its research, training and publication programmes.
Le CODESRIA exprime sa profonde gratitude à la Swedish International Development Corpora­
tion Agency (SIDA), au Centre de Recherches pour le Développement International (CRDI), à
la Ford Foundation, à la Carnegie Corporation de New York (CCNY), à l’Agence norvégienne de
développement et de coopération (NORAD), à l’Agence Danoise pour le Développement Inter­
national (DANIDA), au Ministère Français de la Coopération, au Programme des Nations­Unies
pour le Développement (PNUD), au Ministère des Afaires Etrangères des Pays­Bas, à la Fondation
Rockefeller, à l’Open Society Foundations (OSFs), à TrustAfrica, à l’UNESCO, à l’ONU Femmes,
à la Fondation pour le renforcement des capacités en Afrique (ACBF) ainsi qu’au Gouvernement
du Sénégal pour le soutien apporté aux programmes de recherche, de formation et de publication
du Conseil.
All editorial correspondence and manuscripts should be sent to:
Tous les manuscrits et autres correspondances à caractère éditorial doivent être adresses au :
Editor-in-Chief/Rédacteur en Chef
Journal of African Transformation / Revue des mutations en Afrique
CODESRIA, Av. Cheikh Anta Diop x Canal IV
B.P. 3304, Dakar, 18524 Senegal.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email:
Journal of African Transformation
Revue des mutations en Afrique
Volume 2, Numbers 1 & 2, 2017
Contents/Sommaire
Editorial.......................................................................................................................................................................................v
Éditorial....................................................................................................................................................................................ix
1. African Economies and Relevant Economic Analysis: A Structuralist
Approach to Economic Policy Research in Africa
Alemayehu Geda...............................................................................................................................................1
2. Vulnérabilité socio-économique, stratégies de survie et
d’accumulation en zone rurale au Bénin : cas des populations
vivant sur les terres de barre du plateau d’Abomey
Nestor Alokpaï, Roch L. Mongbo, Sandra P. Mongbo, et
Augustin Aoudji............................................................................................................................................35
3. The Challenges of the Narrative of African Economies’
Transformation
Dimitri Sanga................................................................................................................................................57
4. Women’s Empowerment: Reflection on Gumede’s Conception of
‘Thought Leadership in Africa’
Francis Onditi...............................................................................................................................................81
5. Politique industrielle et performance économique en Afrique :
le rôle du cadre institutionnel
Mohamed Tlili Hamdi et Mohamed Moëz Yaïche .............113
6. Inégalité d’accès aux services d’assainissement en Afrique
subsaharienne : état des lieux et défis pour l’après 2015
Kabran Aristide Dja ...................................................................153
7. Striving Towards an African-Centric Mode of Governance: Lessons
Learned from Development Communication in Anambra State,
Nigeria
Kate Omenuga & Chekezie Uzegbunam ......................................................179
8. An Analysis of Zimbabwean Youths’ Socio-economic Trajectory and
Negotiation of Aspirations amidst Economic Turbulence
Tatenda Goodman Nhapi, Takudzwa L. Mathende ...........201
Journal of African Transformation, Volume 2, Nos 1 & 2, 2017
© CODESRIA & ECA 2018
(ISSN 2411–5002)
idE torial
dia S edA uj mo ib & awiyka T una M h
�e world is livin g in uncertai n times. �e slowing down of the global
eoc on m,y eht sir e o f ul thgir-art oitan lan si m dna eht moev ot sdraw orap laihc
orp et oitc sin t op leici s, eht erapa tn liaf sgni o f lg olab oitazi n htiw ercni sa gni
leev ls o f eni uq la yti ow lr ediwd , dna sek ew d op ev ryt orca ss er oig sn - la l sueg s t
tah t eht lg olab oc etn tx of r eht srut utc lar snar t of mr oita n o f nac i r f A eoc on mei s
dna soeic eit s si moer et un ous naht eev r eb of er .
e� acirfA “ sir ” gni sot r y si on w a oc etn set d evitaran ni hcihw eht souecr s
dna evird sr o f taht org htw era eb gni uq esoit en ,d htiw some ugra gni taht eht
sir e saw moer o f na li lusoi n - a u� ek , ohtiw u t yna sol di of uoitadn ,n leki tahw
nacirfA oc ueirtn s entiw sse d eb of er ni eht 1069 s dna elra y 179 0s, hcihw liw l,
sooen r ehtar r naht leta ,r ehtiw r . yawa sA anihC moev s otni eht et-hgih hc
seotc r dn a ed oirp ezit i r s udni slair t orp ud oitc ,n eht epa etit of s r ’ a c i r f A mirp r a y
orp ud stc , hc i h w luetac i r b d eht ob om ni na c i r f A eoc on mei s, si .g n i n a w eH ecn ,
acirfA si niaga er sop gnidn ot eetx lanr soh skc , sa ti did ud gnir eht orht es o f
eht eoc on m ci sirc si ni eht elra y 1089 s . e� ercni sa gni ed tb orp l� e o f m yna
Af r i c a n countries is another palpable sign of the fragility and challenges
oc orfn gnitn oht se eoc on mei s.
uB t lihw e ti si rtue taht nacirfA eoc on mei s er m nia ew ka dna uv len lbar e,
ti si la so rtue taht lessosn evah eb e n le tnra dna on lbat e orp erg ss sah eb e n
er oc edr .d e� lessosn le tnra lcni ued , o n eht mgidarap o f ed ev lomp e,tn taht
eht etat S si mi op tn a tr n i eht ed ev lomp e tn orp ec ss dn a t a h t n a ee� evit c up lb – c i
etavirp seotc r m xi si eni lbativ e ni org gniw eht eoc on m y dna smit ul gnita
ed ev lomp e .tn lA so, rpued tn eoc on m ci megana me tn htiw og o d laicnan� dna
s� lac og ev ecnanr era mi op r .tnat e� er si eht en e d of r acirfA ot sert ehtgn n sti
xa t er mig e, esn uer ee� evit c ub egd t mi lp emeoitat n n dn a mootin ,gn i r orp moet
vi Journal of African Transformation, Volume 2, Nos 1 & 2, 2017
transparency and accountability in its public procurement system, an d
imrp o ev t eh intrge it y an d caap cit y of n� ancial auid t an d orev sithg institutions .
uF rthermore, for Africa to dev elop and transform itself, it must thin k
id re� ne tl ;y it must tih n k out of t eh ob ,x uq se tion t eh ortoh od yx an d cah rt its
onw cours e to leved omp ne t . nI otreh ow rsd , ihw l e Africa ma y tih n k lg oab ll,y
an d eb ap rt of t eh lg oab l toh uthg strae m, it must act locall y yb ne ag ig n g in
sociall y rle ave nt rse ae rcseh an d rp oud c e nk olw egde rp oud cts tah t can rd i ev
op licise toaw rsd t eh structural transformation of t eh continne t . tS ructural
transformation concie dev as a uq alitati ev sih ft in t eh structur e an d uq alit y of
rp oud ction from lo w to ih hg av lu e sce tors, an d uq alitati ev imrp omev ne t in t eh
uq alit y of lif e an d liiv n g stanad rsd of t eh oep lp ,e is an imrep ati ev for Africa .
nI this edition of the journal, we bring you articles from diverse areas,
focus an d id scilp inse ranig n g from an intre roag tion of t eh ap raid mg s an d
mte oh od loig cal arp oacseh to ce onomic rse ae rc,h to t eh rol e of ad ta an d
statistics in Africas’ structural transformation aneg ad , t eh issuse of oy ut h an d
ow mne s’ me op rew mne t, lev e d omp ne t communication in og rev nanc,e an d t eh
rol e of institutions in leved omp ne t . ahW t tseh e articlse ah ev in common is
tah t t yeh ar e inaw rl-d ooik n g nk olw egd e rp oud cts tah t s ke to ard se s scep ic�
arae s of Africas’ structural transformation cah llne seg an d rp oiv ed altre natisev .
oF r instanc,e t eh articl e yb Alme auhey adeG continuse t eh abed t e on t eh
toeh rte ical rep scep tisev an d ap raid mg s of rse ae rc h tah t soh ul d eb lped o dey
in ce onomic analsy is an d op lic y formulation in Africa . e H arug se tah t t eh
noe classical op “ sitiiv st ” mte oh d is not onl y inauqed at,e ub t syd functional
in comrp nehe id n g Africas’ ce onomic cah llne seg an d t eh aw y foraw r .d oF r
ih m, t eh structuralist arp oac h is mor e arp orp iat e as it unred scorse t eh rol e
an d conttxe of institutions, ce onomic structurse , rp oud ction orag niaz tions
and social classes in economic and production systems. �e structuralist
arp oac h also me ahp sisez t eh r“ ol e of intre se t rg ousp c/ lass an d id striub tion
of incom e as lew l as id striub ti ev coni� cts .” An d ig nev t eh cep uliar repxe ine cse
of African countrise iw t h colonialism an d aap rtieh d an d t eh uniuq e structurse
tah t me re deg from tah t colonial ope c,h eh conclused tah t t eh structuralist
arp oac h is mor e rle ave nt to conud ctin g ce onomic rse ae rc h in Africa .
Editorial vii
Dimtri Sanga discusses the pivotal role of data and statistics in constructing
the narrative about Africa’s economic transformation. Tose who own and
control data, ultimately control the narrative. He argues that substantial
gaps exist between the demand for quality data and statistics and the
ability and capacity of many African countries to regularly produce and
disseminate them. Te mismatch between demand and supply is caused
by many factors, including poor investments in data and statistics, limited
long-term planning capabilities, limited human and material resources and
infrastructure, and limited coordination, collaboration, networking, and
sharing of information at diferent levels of the National Statistical System
(NSS). However, for structural transformation to take place, accurate and
reliable data are indispensable; they are at the heart of development planning
and policy formulation. Beyond planning, detailed and reliable data and
statistics are needed for continuous assessment, monitoring, and evaluation
of the economic and social performance of African countries and their drive
towards economic transformation.
Te article by Francis Onditi adopts a philosophical perspective in interrogating
the issue of women’s empowerment. Te author frames his discourse in the
context of Gumede’s “thought leadership”, one of the elements of the latter’s
trilogy that also encompasses “thought liberation” and “critical consciousness”.
For gender equality and women’s empowerment to be consummated, the
women’s movement has to take those two elements seriously. Te article by
Kate Omenuga and Chekezie Uzegbunam examines the issue of development
communication in governance with a case study of Anambra state in Nigeria.
Te author argues that successive governments in the state in recent times have
adopted rural-based development communication strategies to bridge the gap
between the leadership and the citizens, and to better articulate government
programmes and activities to their constituencies. Te current government
of the state has followed the same tradition. Te government’s economic
blueprint, “Te Anambra Wheel of Development”, has a good development
communication component that seeks to reshape and reinforce the state’s
identity, the moral values to work to be inculcated by the citizens and their
relationship with the state. Te two anchors of this strategy are the notion of
“shared values” and developing new symbols in a state anthem, a new state
viii Journal of African Transformation, Volume 2, Nos 1 & 2, 2017
me lb me an d ne w rg ou p sle fi- ned tit y nam e in idN“ Anamrb a,” as oop s de
to t eh formre A“ namrb arian .” oG o d leved omp ne t communication, ihw c h is
rg oun ded in local cep uliaritise , ah s t eh caap cit y to imrp o ev og rev nanc e in t eh
op litical ssy tme . e� otreh articlse in tih s ide tion of t eh oj urnal, ihw c h ar e
not summari de z in tih s ide torial, also ard se s id re� ne t leve d omp ne t concre ns
in Africa from inaw r d l- ooik n g African rep scep tisev .
e W iniv t e t eh rae red s to ne ag eg t eh id scoursse , critiuq e tmeh an d contriub t e
n we ub t critical rep scep tisev , for t eh up rop s e of furtreh aavd ncin g t eh frontire s
of nk olw .egde