Jenkins: The Definitive Guide (Also Covers Hudson)

406 Pages·2011·6.57 MB·English

by  John Ferguson Smart

Jenkins: The Definitive Guide

Jenkins: The Definitive Guide
John Ferguson Smart
Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Sebastopol • Tokyo
Jenkins: The Definitive Guide
by John Ferguson Smart
Copyright © 2011 John Ferguson Smart. All rights reserved.
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Printing History:
July 2011: First Edition.
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Jenkins: The Definitive Guide is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No
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tained herein.
ISBN: 978-1-449-30535-2
[LSI]
1309980503
Table of Contents
Foreword .................................................................. xiii
Preface ..................................................................... xv
1. Introducing Jenkins ..................................................... 1
Introduction 1
Continuous Integration Fundamentals 1
Introducing Jenkins (née Hudson) 3
From Hudson to Jenkins—A Short History 4
Should I Use Jenkins or Hudson? 5
Introducing Continuous Integration into Your Organization 6
Phase 1—No Build Server 6
Phase 2—Nightly Builds 6
Phase 3—Nightly Builds and Basic Automated Tests 6
Phase 4—Enter the Metrics 7
Phase 5—Getting More Serious About Testing 7
Phase 6—Automated Acceptance Tests and More Automated
Deployment 7
Phase 7—Continuous Deployment 7
Where to Now? 8
2. Your First Steps with Jenkins .............................................. 9
Introduction 9
Preparing Your Environment 9
Installing Java 10
Installing Git 10
Setting Up a GitHub Account 11
Configuring SSH Keys 11
Forking the Sample Repository 12
Starting Up Jenkins 13
Configuring the Tools 17
v
Configuring Your Maven Setup 18
Configuring the JDK 19
Notification 20
Setting Up Git 20
Your First Jenkins Build Job 21
Your First Build Job in Action 26
More Reporting—Displaying Javadocs 33
Adding Code Coverage and Other Metrics 34
Conclusion 40
3. Installing Jenkins ...................................................... 41
Introduction 41
Downloading and Installing Jenkins 41
Preparing a Build Server for Jenkins 44
The Jenkins Home Directory 46
Installing Jenkins on Debian or Ubuntu 47
Installing Jenkins on Redhat, Fedora, or CentOS 48
Installing Jenkins on SUSE or OpenSUSE 48
Running Jenkins as a Stand-Alone Application 49
Running Jenkins Behind an Apache Server 52
Running Jenkins on an Application Server 53
Memory Considerations 54
Installing Jenkins as a Windows Service 54
What’s in the Jenkins Home Directory 58
Backing Up Your Jenkins Data 62
Upgrading Your Jenkins Installation 62
Conclusion 63
4. Configuring Your Jenkins Server .......................................... 65
Introduction 65
The Configuration Dashboard—The Manage Jenkins Screen 65
Configuring the System Environment 68
Configuring Global Properties 69
Configuring Your JDKs 70
Configuring Your Build Tools 72
Maven 73
Ant 74
Shell-Scripting Language 75
Configuring Your Version Control Tools 75
Configuring Subversion 76
Configuring CVS 76
Configuring the Mail Server 76
Configuring a Proxy 77
vi | Table of Contents
Conclusion 78
5. Setting Up Your Build Jobs ............................................... 79
Introduction 79
Jenkins Build Jobs 79
Creating a Freestyle Build Job 80
General Options 81
Advanced Project Options 82
Configuring Source Code Management 84
Working with Subversion 84
Working with Git 87
Build Triggers 97
Triggering a Build Job Once Another Build Job Has Finished 98
Scheduled Build Jobs 98
Polling the SCM 99
Triggering Builds Remotely 100
Manual Build Jobs 102
Build Steps 102
Maven Build Steps 102
Ant Build Steps 104
Executing a Shell or Windows Batch Command 105
Using Jenkins Environment Variables in Your Builds 106
Running Groovy Scripts 108
Building Projects in Other Languages 110
Post-Build Actions 110
Reporting on Test Results 110
Archiving Build Results 111
Notifications 114
Building Other Projects 115
Running Your New Build Job 115
Working with Maven Build Jobs 115
Building Whenever a SNAPSHOT Dependency Is Built 116
Configuring the Maven Build 117
Post-Build Actions 119
Deploying to an Enterprise Repository Manager 119
Deploying to Commercial Enterprise Repository Managers 123
Managing Modules 123
Extra Build Steps in Your Maven Build Jobs 123
Using Jenkins with Other Languages 125
Building Projects with Grails 125
Building Projects with Gradle 127
Building Projects with Visual Studio MSBuild 130
Building Projects with NAnt 131
Table of Contents | vii
Building Projects with Ruby and Ruby on Rails 131
Conclusion 133
6. Automated Testing ................................................... 135
Introduction 135
Automating Your Unit and Integration Tests 136
Configuring Test Reports in Jenkins 137
Displaying Test Results 139
Ignoring Tests 142
Code Coverage 144
Measuring Code Coverage with Cobertura 145
Measuring Code Coverage with Clover 153
Automated Acceptance Tests 155
Automated Performance Tests with JMeter 158
Help! My Tests Are Too Slow! 166
Add More Hardware 167
Run Fewer Integration/Functional Tests 167
Run Your Tests in Parallel 168
Conclusion 168
7. Securing Jenkins ...................................................... 169
Introduction 169
Activating Security in Jenkins 169
Simple Security in Jenkins 170
Security Realms—Identifying Jenkins Users 171
Using Jenkins’s Built-in User Database 171
Using an LDAP Repository 175
Using Microsoft Active Directory 176
Using Unix Users and Groups 177
Delegating to the Servlet Container 177
Using Atlassian Crowd 178
Integrating with Other Systems 178
Authorization—Who Can Do What 181
Matrix-based Security 181
Project-based Security 185
Role-based Security 188
Auditing—Keeping Track of User Actions 189
Conclusion 193
8. Notification .......................................................... 195
Introduction 195
Email Notification 195
More Advanced Email Notification 197
viii | Table of Contents