Jazz & the Germans : essays on the influence of "hot" American idioms on 20th-century German music

229 Pages·2002·16.926 MB·English

by  Michael J. Budds

JAZZ AND
THE CilERMANS
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JAZZ & THE GERMANS
MONOGRAPHS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES
IN AMERICAN MUSIC No. 17
Series Editor
Michael J. Budds, University of Missouri-Columbia
Members of the Editorial Board
Gene Anderson, University of Richmond
Marva Carter, Georgia State University
Claire Brook, Pendragon Press
William Keams, University of Colorado
MONOGRAPHS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES IN AMERICAN MUSIC
1. Charles Schwartz
George Gershwin: A Selective Bibliography and Discography
2. Hans Nathan
William Billings: Data and Documents
3. Donna K. Anderson
Charles T. Griffes: An Annotated Bibliograhy-Discography
4. H. Earle Johnson
First Performances in America to 1900: Works with Orchestra
5. Irving Lowens
Haydn in America
6. Wilma Reid Cipolla
A Catalog of the Works of Arthur Foote, 1853-1907
7. John G. Doyle
Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1829-1869):
A Bibliographical Study and Catalog of Works
8. James R. Heintze
American Music Studies: A Classified Bibliography of Ma$ter Theses
9. William Phemister
American Piano Concertos: A Bibliography
10 Edward Brookhart
Music in American Higher Education: An Annotated Bibliography
11. Ernst C. Krohn
Music Publishing in St. Louis
12. Thomas E. Warner
Periodical Literature on American Music, 1620-1920:
A Classified Bibliography
13. Kenneth Graber
William Mason ( 1829-1908 ):
An Annotated Bibliography and Catalog of Works
14. Clayton Henderson
A Charles Ives Tune Book
15. David P. DeVenney
Source Readings in American Choral Music:
Composers' Writings, Interviews, & Reviews
16. James R. Heintze and Michael Saffle, eds.
Reflections on American Music:
The Twentieth Century and the New Millennium
ii
JAZZ & THE GERMANS
ESSAYS ON THE INFLUENCE
OF "HOT" AMERICAN IDIOMS
ON 20TH-CENTURY GERMAN MUSIC
Michael J. Budds, Editor
MONOGRAPHS & BIBLIOGRAPHIES
IN AMERICAN MUSIC, No. 17
PENDRAGON PRESS
HILLSDALE, NY
PENDRAGON PRESS SERIES IN MUSICOLOGY
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Dimension & Diversity: Studies in 20th-Century Music
Distinguished Reprints
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Franz Liszt Studies
French Opera in the 17th & 18th Centuries
Harmonologia: Studies in Music Theory
The Historical Harpsichord
Interplay: Music in Interdisciplinary Dialogue
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Jazz & the Germans : essays on the influence of "hot" American idioms on
20th-century German Music I Michael Budds, editor.
p. cm. - (Monographs and bibliographies in American Music; no. 17)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Discography: p.
ISBN 1-57647-072-5
1. Music--Germany--20th century--American influences. 2.
Jazz--History and criticism. I. Title: Jazz and the Germans. II. Budds,
Michael J., 1947- III. Series.
ML275 .J38 2002
781.65'0943--dc21
2001058056
Cover design by Robert Freese based on an original poster design by Barbara Bradac
Copyright 2002 Pendragon Press
iv
Contents
Illustrations vii
Contributors x
Acknowledgments xiv
Michael J. Budds
The New World Enriches the Old 1
Alan Lareau
Jonny's Jazz:
From Kabarett to Krenek 19
Frank Tirro
Jazz Leaves Home:
The Dissemination of "Hot" Music to Central Europe 61
E. Douglas Bomberger
European Perceptions of Ragtime:
Hindemith and Stravinsky 83
Dane Heuchemer
American Popular Music in
Weill's Royal Palace and Krenek's Jonny spielt auf:
Influences and Usage 99
Kathryn Smith Bowers
East Meets West:
Contributions of Matyas Seiber to Jazz in Germany 119
Joachim Lucchesi
Hanns Eisler: Jazz as a Weapon 141
David Snowball
Controlling Degenerate Music:
Jazz in the Third Reich 149
v
vi CONTENTS
Carlo Bohlander
The Evolution of Jazz Culture in Frankfurt:
A Memoir 167
Heinz Werner Zimmermann
The Influence of American Music
on a German Composer 179
Heinz Werner Zimmermann
Worklist 194
Heinz Werner Zimmermann
Discography 199
Index 202
Illustrations
Alan Lareau
Example 1 - Rudolf Nelson, with Lyrics by Herman Klink.
"Cake-Walk Lied: Meine kleine Braune."
Dance Passage following the Verse. 33
Berlin: Harmonie, 1904.
Example 2 - Mischa Spoliansky, with Lyrics by Walter Mehring.
"Jazz Band." First Six Measures of the Verse.
[Manuscript dated 1923]. 39
Example 3 - Kurt Weill, with Lyrics by Felix Joachimson.
Na und? [From a Draft of the Opera].
"Lady Lily You." Measures 9-16. 50
Example 4 - Hanns Eisler, with Lyrics by David Weber.
"Ballade von Nigger Jim." Measures 40-49.
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1932. 56
Figure 1-Ernst Krenek. Jonny spielt a11f. Cover to the Score. 20
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1927.
Figure 2 - Entartete Musik. Cover to the Exhibition Guide. 22
Dusseldorf: Volkischer Verlag, [1938].
Figure 3 - Friedrich Hollaender. "Jonny."
Sheet Music Cover to the White Version. 26
Berlin: Heiki-Verlag, 1920. [Collection Alan Lareau].
Figure 4 - Friedrich Hollaender. "Jonny."
Sheet Music Cover to the Black Version. 27
Berlin: Heiki-Verlag, 1920.
Figure 5 - Paul Abraham, with Lyrics by Alfred Grunwald and
Beda.
Blume von Hawaii. "Bin nur ein Jonny."
Sheet Music Cover from after World War II. 30
Munich: Dreiklang-Dreimasken Biihnen-und
Musikverlag
[BMG Ufa Musikverlage], 1931.
Figure 6 - Anti-Black Caricature after the Occupation of the
Rhineland. [Original Source Unknown]. 42
Figure 7 - Mischa Spoliansky. "Jimmy Shimmy." Sheet Music
Cover 48
Berlin: Schlesinger, 1921. [Collection Spoli Mills, Lon-
don].
Figure 8 - Ernst Krenek. Potpourri Based on Jonny spielt auf.
Sheet Music Cover Showing Jonny Playing astride the
Globe. Vienna: Universal Edition, 1927.
[Collection Gerhard Zeyen, Offenbach-Hundheim]. 60
vii
viii ILLUSTRATIONS
Frank Tirro
Figure 1 - Alfred Baresel. Das Jazz-Buch, 4th ed. Title Page. 72
Berlin: Julius Heinrich Zimmermann, 1926.
Figure 2 - Alfred Baresel. Das Jazz-Buch, 4th ed.
Page 19: A Sample Exercise. 73
Berlin: Julius Heinrich Zimmermann, 1926.
Figure 3 - Will Marion Cook. "Darktown Is Out To-Night." 74
Lead Sheet. New York: M. Witmark & Sons, 1898.
E. Douglas Bomberger
Example 1 - Untied Syncopations. 85
Example 2 - Tied Syncopations. 85
Example 3 - Paul Hindemith. Suite 1922. "Ragtime." 90
Measures 1-3. Mainz: Schott, 1922.
Example 4 - Paul Hindemith. Suite 1922. "Ragtime." 91
Measures 108-16. Mainz: Schott, 1922.
Table 1-Paul Hindemith. Suite 1922. "Ragtime." Formal Plan. 92
Example 5-Paul Hindemith. Suite 1922. "Ragtime." 93
Syncopation Patterns. Mainz: Schott, 1922.
Example 6 - Igor Stravinsky. Ragtime for Eleven Instruments.
Measures 1-6. 95
London: J. & W. Chester, 1919.
Example 7 - Igor Stravinsky. Piano-Rag Music. Measures 29-38. 96
London: J. & W. Chester, 1920.
Paul Hindemith. Suite 1922. "Ragtime." Formal Plan.
Dane Heuchemer
Example 1 - Kurt Weill. Royal Palace [Piano Reduction].
"Foxtrot." Measures 60-74. 104
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1926.
Example 2 - Kurt Weill. Royal Palace [Piano Reduction].
"Tanz der Wasserfrau" [Tango]. Measures 119-29. 106
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1926.
Example 3- Ernst Krenek. Jonny spielt atif [Piano Reduction]. 111
Selected Motifs. Vienna: Universal Edition, 1926.
Example 4- Ernst Krenek. Jonny spielt atif [Piano Reduction].
"Shimmy." Act I, Scene 3, Measures 580-604. 112
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1926.
Example 5- Ernst Krenek. Jonny spielt aiif[Piano Reduction].
"Blues." Act I, Scene 3, Measures 941-51. 114
Vienna: Universal Edition, 1926.
ILLUSTRATIONS ix
Kathryn Smith Bowers
Example 1 - Matyas Seiber. "Jazzolette No. 2." Measures 1-9. 134
Copenhagen: Edition Wilhelm Hansen, 1955.
Example 2 - Matyas Seiber. "Jazzolette No. 2." 135
Tone Row in Trumpet Line.
Example 3 - Matyas Seiber. Rhythmische Studien,
Etude No. 7, "Tempo di Blues." Measures 16-28. 135
Frankfurt am Main: Schott, 1933.
Example 4 - Matyas Seiber. String Quartet No. 2.
Movement II, "Intermezzo alla Blues." Measures 1-9. 138
Milan: Edizioni Suvini Zerboni, 1935.
Figure 1 - Matyas Seiber. Sclmle fiir Jazz-Scltlagzeug. Advertisement.
From Melos VIII (1929), 411. 126
Table 1 - Enrollment of Students in Dr. Hoch's Conservatory,
1927-1932. From Peter Cahn, Das Hoclz'sche
Konservatorizm1 in Frankfurt am Main (Frankfurt am Main: 124
Dr. Waldemar Kramer, 1979), 378.
Table 2 - Jazz-Related Compositions of Matyas Seiber. 132
Heinz Werner Zimmermann
Example 1 - Heinz Werner Zimmermann. Geistliches Konzert (1955).
Movement III (Finalsatz), "Halleluja." Measures 1-6. 184
Unpublished.
Example 2 - Heinz Werner Zimmermann. "Praise Him,
0 Servants of God" (1956). Measures 1-18. 185
Springfield, Ohio: Chantry Music Press, 1961.
Example 3 - Heinz Werner Zimmermann. Psalmkonzert (1956-1957).
Movement V. Measures 1-16. 187
St. Louis: Concordia, 1966.
Example 4 - Heinz Werner Zimmermann. Vespers. 189
Movement I, "Hurry, God, to My Aid."
Measures 16-27. 189
Carol Stream, Ill.: Agape, 1975.
Example 5 - Heinz Werner Zimmermann. 17ze Bible of Spirituals
(1987). "My God is a Rock in a Weary Land."
Measures 134-40. 192
Bad Schwalbach: Edition Gravis, 1996.