Java: Start your programming career by learning Java and teach yourself to develop professional applications for desktop PCs such as utilities and games. (The Complete Reference)

413 Pages·2017·1.66 MB·English

Copyright © 2017 by Mr Kotiyana
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording,
or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission
of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical
reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
Table of Contents
1) Introduction
5
1.1 What This Book Is About? 6
1.2 Why Read This Book? 7
1.3 Do I Need to Know Math? 9
1.4 Programming as a Form of Expression 10
1.5 A Brief History of Computer Programming 11
2) Getting Started 18

2.1 What is Programming? 19
2.2 What is Data? 22
2.3 What is Compiler? 24
2.4 What is interpreter? 28
2.5 Programming Environment Setup 30
2.6 Compilation and Execution 33
3) Basic Programming Terms 37

3.1 Tokens 39
3.2 Writing Java 40
3.3 Separator Tokens 42
3.4 Operator Tokens 44
3.5 Literals 45
4) Basic of Java Program 47

4.1 Basic Structure of Java Program 48
4.2 The main () Method. 54
4.3 Access Control 62
4.4 Package in java 64
4.5 The import Keyword 68
4.6 Access Modifiers 70
5) Variables, Data Types and Keywords 77
5.1 Understanding Variables. 78
5.2 Naming Variables. 80
5.3 Types of Variables. 86
5.4 Data Types in Java. 93
5.5 Types 95
5.6 Value and Reference Types 97
5.7 Strong Typing 99
5.8 Understanding floating points. 100
5.9 Keywords 101
5.10 Return Keyword 116
5.11 Are Errors Bad? 118
5.12 Compile Time and Run Time Errors 119
6) Methods and Operators 121

6.1 What are Functions? 122
6.1.1 Parameter Lists 130
6.1.2 Side Effects 131
6.1.3 Multiple Arguments 133
6.2 Code Blocks 134
6.3 Logic and Operators 138
7) Controlling Execution, Arrays and Loops 143
7.1 Controlling Execution 144
7.2 Loops 151
7.3 Arrays 163
8) Object Oriented Programming 169

8.1 Classes 170
8.2 Introduction to Objects 173
8.3 Characteristics of OOP 180
8.4 An object has an interface 182
8.5 An object provides services 191
8.6 The hidden implementation 193
8.7 Reusing the implementation 200
8.8 Inheritance 202
8.9 Polymorphism 216
9) Exception Handling 220

9.1 Error Handling with Exceptions 221
9.1.1 Basic exceptions 224
9.1.2 Catching an exception 228
9.1.3 Catching any exception 232
10) Algorithms and the Big O Notation 235
10.1 Thinking in Algorithms. 236
10.2 The Big O Notation. 249
11) Data Structures 257

11.1 Binary Search. 264
11.2 Bubble Sort 272
11.3 Insertion Sort 275
11.4 Merge Sort. 278
11.5 Quick Sort. 282
11.6 Selection Sort 287
11.7 Linked List 290
12) Network Programming
306
12.1 What is network programming 307
12.2 Socket Programming 308
12.3 URL Processing 322
13) Tips and Advice 333

13.1 Learning to copy & paste code. 334
13.2 Skills self-taught programmers commonly lack. 336
13.3 Nine ways to become Great Programmer. 340
13.4 Four Secrets of Great Programmers. 355
13.5 Difference between a programmers, a good Programmer and a
357
great programmer. .
14) Programming Quotes!
358
CHAPTER 1 | INTRODUCTION
What This Book is about?
This book was written as an answer for anyone to pick up a programming
language and be productive. You will be able to start from scratch without
having any previous exposure to any programming language. By the end of this
book, you will have the skills to be a capable programmer, or at least know what
is involved with how to read and write code. Afterward you should be armed
with the knowledge required to feel confident in learning more. You should have
general computer skills before you get started. After this you’ll know what it
takes to at least look at code without your head spinning.
Why Read This Book?
You could go online and find videos and tutorials to learn; however, there is a
distinct disadvantage when it comes to learning things in order and in one place.
Most YouTube or tutorial websites either gloss over a topic or dwell at a turtle’s
pace for an hour on a particular subject. Online content is often brief and doesn’t
go into much depth on any given topic. It is incomplete or still a work in
progress. You’ll often find yourself waiting weeks for another video or tutorial
to come out.
Most online tutorials for Java are scattered, disordered, and in cohesive. It is
difficult to find a good starting point and even more difficult to find a continuous
list of tutorials to bring you to any clear understanding of the Java programming
language. Just so you know, you should find the act of learning exciting. If not,
then you’ll have a hard time continuing through to the end of this book. To learn
any new skill, a lot of patience is required.
I remember asking an expert programmer how I’d learn to program. He told me
to write a compiler. At that time, it seemed rather mean, but now I understand
why he said that. It is like telling someone who wants to learn how to drive
Formula 1 cars to go compete in a race. In both cases, the “learn” part was left
out of the process of learning. It is very difficult to tell someone who wants to
learn to write code where to begin.
However, it all really does start with your preparedness to learn. Your
motivation must extend beyond the content of this book. You may also have
some preconceived notions about what a programming is.
I can’t change that, but you should be willing to change your thoughts on the
topic if you make discoveries contrary to your knowledge. Keep an open mind.
Computer artists often believe that programming is a technical subject that is
incompatible with art. I find the contrary to be true. Programming is an art, much
as literature and design is an art. Programming just has a lot of obscure rules that
need to be understood for anything to work.
Do I Need to Know Math?
With complex rules in mind, does programming require the knowledge of
complex mathematics? Actually, unless you program mathematical software,
only a bit of geometry is nice to have. Most of the examples here use only a tiny
bit of math to accomplish their purposes.
Mathematics and programming do overlap quite a lot in their methodology.
Math taught in schools provides a single solution. Programming results tend to
behave a bit like a math proof, but only the proof isn’t just another bit of math.
Rather, the proof of your code means that your zombies chase after humans.
A considerable amount of math required has been done for you by the computer.
It is just up to you to know what math to use, and then plug in the right variables.