Japans Alliance Politics and Defence Production

182 Pages·1995·11.34 MB·English

by  Neil Renwick

ST ANTONY'S/MACMILLAN SERIES
General Editor: Alex Pravda, Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford
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Japan's Alliance Politics
and Defence Production
Neil Renwick
Senior Lecturer in International Relations
Nottingham Trent University, and
Northern Territory University, Darwin, Australia
>n association with
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MACMILLAN OXFORD
©NeilRenwick 1995
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Contents
List of Tables and Figure viii
Acknowledgements ix
List of Abbreviations x
1 Japan's Alliance Politics 1
The Alliance Problem I
The Alliance and Defence Production 5
2 Japan's Secondary Alliance Dilemma 8
3 Japan's Self-Defence Forces and the Alliance 32
Post-War Origins of the JSDF 32
Justifying the JSDF 33
Japanese Political Rivalries 63
The JSDF at the Crossroads 65
4 'Defence Inc.'? 67
Historical Development 68
Japan's Contemporary Arms Industry 70
The Next Step 83
5 Alliance Techno-Nationalism 85
Japan's Defence Technology 88
The Alliance and Techno-Nationalism 92
6 Japan's Alliance after the Cold War 105
Alliance National Interests and Tensions 106
Ending the Alliance? 139
Towards Stable Peace 141
Notes and References 152
Index 162
vn
List of Tables and Figure
Tables
4.1 Japan's defence budget, 1955-93 74
4.2 Japan's arms production, employment and procurement,
1982-90 75
4.3 Defence production in Japan, 1990 76
4.4 Japan's top 20 defence contractors, 1991 77
4.5 Comparative defence sales/total sales ratios for major
defence contractors, 1991 78
5.1 Japan's defence R&D in international comparison, 1992 89
5.2 DSB list of Japanese dual-use technologies, 1984 96
6.1 Comparative defence profiles in Northeast Asia, 1992-93 113
6.2 US defence budgets, 1988-94 117
6.3 The evolving US force structure 121
6.4 JDA five-year defence programme, 1991-95 and Revision 125
6.5 Opinion polling: US-Japan relations 130
6.6 House of Representatives election, 18 July 1993 132
Figure
6.1 International trade flows, 1991 149
via
Acknowledgements
The extensive research involved in this study could not have been
undertaken without the financial support of the Australian Academies
of Humanities and Social Sciences Program to Foster Australia-Japan
Relations in the Humanities and Social Sciences and from the Univer-
sity College of the Northern Territory. The Northern Territory Univer-
sity was generous in granting sabbatical leave to undertake this study.
I am particularly indebted to Ambassador Rawdon Dalrymple for
his continued support and friendship during the years of research for
this study. Again, I owe a great deal to Professor Arthur Stockwin at
the Nissan Institute of Japanese Studies, University of Oxford for his
assistance and guidance throughout. My tenure as a Senior Associate
Member in the lively and engaging atmosphere of St Antony's Col-
lege was especially helpful in the development of this study. Simi-
larly, the Fellows and students of Pembroke College provided a happy
academic home, and without the friendship, patience and support of
Vernon and Glynne Butt this book is unlikely to have been concluded
successfully. My gratitude is also due to John Welfield for his support
and advice during the embryonic stages of this work and to Ron Morse
for his thoughtful suggestions.
In the course of extensive research, a large number of personal debts
accrue. In a study of this nature, many contributed on the basis of
non-attribution. To those who necessarily remain anonymous, I extend
my gratitude for their often candid comments. Fortunately, there are
those whose contribution I am able to acknowledge. These include Pro-
fessor Nishihara Masashi of the National Defense Academy, Ryozo
Tsutsui, Director of the Technical Research and Development Insti-
tute, Akihito Kuno and Sasaki Michio of Keidanren, Anzei Yoichi of
the Keizei Koho Centre, Dr Michael Chinworth, Dr Ellen Frost (United
Technologies), Dr Ron Morse (Wilson Centre); Dr Karl Jackson, Larry
Niksch (CRS), Dr Amelia George and Dr David Morris.
My thanks to all who assisted in the development and production of
this book. Such errors that may be ascribed to this work are, obvi-
ously enough, attributable solely to the deficiencies of its author.
NEIL RENWICK