Japanese Political History Since the Meiji Restoration, 1868-2000

356 Pages·1999·1.35 MB·English

by  Richard Sims

JAPANESPEO LIITCALH ISTORY SINCE THE
MEIJRIE NOVATION

RICHARDS IMS
JapanePsoel itical
Histosryi ncteh e
MeijRie novation
1868-2000
pal grave
*
JAPANESEP OLITICAHLI STORYS INCET HE MEIJIR ENOVATION 1868-2000
CopyrighRti©c haSrdi ms 2001
Alrli ghrtse servNeod p.a rotft hibso okm ayb eu seodr re produceinda nyma nner
whatsoevweirt howurti ttpeenr misseixocne ipntt hec aseo fb rieqfu otatieomnsb odied
inc ritiacratli colrre es viewFsoi.rn formatiaodndr ess
PALGRAVE,1 75F fitAhv enueN,e wY orkN,. Y.10010
Firpsutb lisbhye PdA LGRAVE1,7 5F ifAtvhe nueN,e wY orkNY, 10010.
Companiaensd re presnteatviesth roughoutth ew orldP.A LGRAVEi st hen ew global
imprionftS tM.a rtiPnr'es sLsL CS cholaarnldRy e ferenDciev isainodnP algrave
PublishLetrd(s.f ormeMralcymi llan PresLst d.)
PrintiendM alaysia
ISBNs0:- 312-2391(4c-l9o th)
0-312-2391(5p-a7p er)
LibraorfCy o ngreCsast aloging-in-PubDliactaati on
Sims,R .L(.R ichLa.r)d
Japanepsoel ithiicsatlso irnyc teh eM eirejnio vation,1 868-20I0R 0i chardS irns.
p.cm.
Includbeisb liograrpehfiecraelan ncdei sn dex.
ISBN0 -312-2391-4-I-S9B N 0-312-2391(5p-b7k .)
l.Japan--Paonldig tiocvse rnmen1t8·6-8I--.Tide.
DS8819.1S .5 66250 01
952.03'3--dc21
00-051474
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Im usfitr asctk nloegwdem yg ratittomu ypd ubel issi hnLe orndon
foirn vimteit noug pd ataen edx tetnhdee a rlvieoresnroi ft his
boowkh,i cahp peairn1e 99d1 u ndtehrie m proifnt thV ei kas
PubliHsohuisniegnN ewD elh.Bi ecautsheav te rswiaospnr a t
ofa s reeisw hcihw asi ntentdoie ndc laus deaepr avtoel uomne
recJepannate sei ctpsiio,twl asn oatpp roiparftore mteoc over
thpeo -s1t592p reoidi nd eta.i lIt haemor repefl seeatdoh ave had
thceh antcome a kteh weo rk mcooprmlee (tael thIo uaagmlth lo o
welalw atrheia ittsi mpossibtloce o veevre arsyep cotfm odne r
Japapnoelsileht iisycti aonor nveo lu.m e)
Ina ddittoit ohheni sitnaoswr hsoew orakrsle i sitnte hdbe i b­
liroagphtyh,i s obwoeaosg k r edaetad li,r eocrit nldyci ltryte,oa
consaibdlneeur mebro fs chaorls whop reshnoaavlhele yl pteod
shampyeu nderisntogaf Jn adnpeashei syt oovretrh pea sfoutr
decea.sFd irasmto ntgh eisBseli Ble salewyh,og uidemdei nitially
asar easrecshu pviesraonrld a taesacr l oleaagnufdlee l otwe acher
andto w homI o wea ni nlccauldaebtblA.em ongt hvea irous
Japahniessiteao wnrhso havean eadn iucdroeadgm eedp, ra ctiular
mentionb emm audsoetf O kaY oshitaankMdei taTnaiii cr,ho
boht ofw hom wenotft hoewuiatr,y d esptihtemeia rn oyt her
commitnmtetso,m a kmey p reoidso fr esrecahatT oykoU niver­
syir tewardainondfg S ,ka aYiu kichwih,o promveiw dietadhn
invaliunatdbrulocet tiolo onlc p aolitlh iicsatnoortya,db ulryia n g
trtiopc ollepcolti tnisrc'ei cadosir nA kiitn1a 7 92I.it as p laesure
toe xprgersast iatlusdoUe c htiok Yao wsah ,iM miiyaMcahsita, o
MiyaMkaes a,Bk aninoJ ujniE,mu rEai icMhasitu,To a kayoshi
anTda guSchhoiii rc,woh itahlo lfw homIh avhea idn ofrmative
dsicusss.Ni eoelndetsoss ayt,h ebye anror esnpsoibfiorlt ihtey
wayisnw hcihI h avien corptohreaiitdrseei dan t hbios oIkn.
sompel easic,n eddes,e vaeolr fth ewmo ualldm socte rtsatirnail kye
dieffrebnlata nceem poshria osteh fecarts oI.rit ns a tuhroawle,v er,
V
VI Ackngomewelsne td
thasto maese pcsto fJ anpeashei syts ohroublesd e etnh roau gh
dieffrepnretse pcitvfeor mo ustiJdpaea n.
Apafrrotm c oalgleuesa nd osthchoelrIam russ atlo as cnko­w
ledtghece o rnbitutioofmn y s tudaettn htSeshc ooolfO rinetal
anAdfr icSatnu diine sUt nhiev eorfLs oitnydT ohne.hy a ve pro­
vidaet det sing-gfrorot uhinend t eripornwehstci ahat pperai nt he
folloiwnpgga e,as nhda vneo itn frequfeornctemldeyt or efionre
qualmiyafy r gumoernt toss e efurkht esru oprpftor t heImh .o pe
thatth esiurc ocrewssi slld erismvoeeb neefifrto m tchrieiticlra
effor.t s
Last blueta Isn tow,tti osth h amnykw iefD enisweh oh as
laoburleodna gn do,nt hweh o,lu encomplaiintn yipningnolgty
onltyhp er esbeonobtku a tl tswoeo a rvleisreiro. n s
LondoAnu,g u2s0t0 0 R.S.
CONTENTS
Acknogmweelsne dt pagve
Praefce xi
Glossary
XVll
A NotoeJn pa asnNeea mes
xxw
TheC hagnignV aluofet hYee n
XXIV
Chapters
1.T heM eijRie novation 1
Jpaainnt hmedi n-inehtc eeennttury 2
Thec auofs etsh eI siMhne iji 5
Thee asbtislhmaenncdtos lnoitdiaofot nhM ee ijgiorn vmeent 12
Obsttaoc lceiesnnr gtoef rraml is 20
Thea biotlofif oeund daolim nas 25
Thea ccelofem roeadrtsniaiiotonn 30
Polidtiivciaasnltid ho 1en78 3 g oveernnmtcarils is 33
Thea scenofd Oaknucbyo 35
Thed itsbaeislshmofet nhtse a mauairn tdh Seats umrae bel3l6i on
Thec harofa tchMteeeij rgio vmeernnt 38
2.T heC onsolidoaftt ihoMene ijSit aatnedt hGer owth
ofPolitOipcpaols it1io78n8,- 90 40
Thec osnoidlaoftt ihoMenei jsaitt e 41
TheP epol'eRsgi hmtosv ement 44
The1 881p lo itcirciasli s 51
Thefi rnsat tipoloniatplia cratli es 56
TheP epoel'Rsgi hmtosv emienn 1tt88 hs0e 58
TheM eijgioe vrnmnestr 'peosntstoeh P eep ol'eRsgi hts
movement 61
Vll
viii Contents
3.T heC onstituEtxipoenrailm aenndtt h Bee ginning
ofC ompromiPsoel it1i9c8s0-,91 05 69
Thefi rDsitse ets sions 70
TheI t coba inaenttdhJ ei yuto 74
The1 988i mpaasntsdhe Ke e nesictbaoi net 78
TheY amagaca batinaenttdh Kees neoi t 82
Thef ormaitoofnt hSeey iukai 85
Poluintditcsehfi rer Ksatt sucraab inet 86
TheH ibPiayrark i ots 89
Thed eclrionofli tenh egel sdaetetrs men 91
4.P olitPiacratClyo nsolidaOtliiogna,r Rcehaicct ion
andt hEem ergenocfNee wF orce1s09,5- 18 93
The lpiotsittcreaaofglH y a raT aksahi 94
Thes eocnKda tscubariana enttdh Seey iukai 97
Thes eocnSda jiicoba ninaenttdh dee aoftt hhE emp eror 100
TheT aisphootl iiccrails is 140
Thes ocainiaddl leg ooicbcaaklug rnofod t hTeai sphool itical
crisis 170
Theaft ermha tof Ttaihseph ool ictriicsails 141
TheO kumcbaai naenttdh riesof et hDeos hikai 151
TheT eurcachbaii naenttdh ree gseunofrc tehS ee ikyaui 181
Theri crei aonttdsh Hea rac abinet 102
5.P artCya bineRtasd,i cMaolv emenatnsdt heC ollapse
ofTaisDheom ocra1cy98,1 -32 132
Thep ostf-erwmeanrt 132
The lpiocofit ehHsea rcaba inet 182
Seyiukdaiis uannindto pyna -rctayb inets 133
Reforma nrde acutnidtoehnKrea tcboai net 173
TheW akastuckbaii naenitdtd sijfi culties 124
Formaoft itMohinene siatnotd h 1e29 e8l ection 144
Ther perespsloiivcaeinp edlos i tdiijficcaull ttihTeeans a kofa
cbainet 164
Finarnectimraeelnna ctnth dh Neav aLli mitcaottnrioovne1sr94 s y
TheD epsrseiaonfndai luofrt ehMsei nesoi tbcianet 135
Milistbuavrye rasnitdoh Mneu kdIennc ident 145
Thec ollofat phsseee c Woankdas tuckaib inet 158
TheI unkcabaii naenttdh Mea y1 t5hI ncident 195
Thew eaknofep slosietpsia cratli es 126