Japanese Art: A Cultural Appreciation

184 Pages·1978·30.66 MB·English

by  Saburo Ienaga

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:
Japanese Art
A Cultural Appreciation
Volume 30
THEHEIBONSHA SURVEY OF JAPANESE ART
For a list of the entire series see endof book
CONSULTING EDITORS
Katsuichiro Kamei, art critic
Seiichiro Takahashi, Chairman, Japan Art Academy
Ichimatsu Tanaka, Chairman, Cultural Properties Protection Commission
Japanese
Art:
A
Cultural
Appreciation
by SABURO IENAGA
translated by Richard L. Gage
New York WEATH ERHILL H IBONSHA Tokyo
• / E •
This book is a basically a translation of the author'sNihon Bunka Shi (Cul-
tural History of Japan), published in 1959 by Iwanami Shotcn, Tokyo,
and especially revised and expanded by the authorfor this English version.
First English Edition, 1979
PublishedbyJohn Weatherhill, Inc., ofNew York and Tokyo, witheditorialoffices
at 7-6-13 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106. Copyright (C) 197/1by John Weath-
erhill, Inc.; all rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
Library ofCongress Cataloging in Publication Data: [enaga, SaburO, 1913 /
Japanese art. / (The Heibonsha .survey ofJapaneseart; v. 30) / Revised
and expanded translation of the author's Nihon bunka slii. / I.Japan-
Civilization. I. Title. N. Series. / I)SJS21.[381W / 7(M)'.T)2 / 7H 2566/ isi.n
Y.MHA02<) 8
11
Contents
1. Primitive Society 11
The Stone Age inJapan 1
Jomon Pottery
1
The Stagnation of Productive Power 12
A Controlling Beliefin Magic 13
Social Structure and Housing 14
TheJomon Age in Summary 14
2. Early Ancient Society 15
The Advent ofMetal Culture 15
The Emergence ofSocial Classes and Political
Controls 15
Ethnic Religion and Festivals 16
Early Chronicles the Kojiki and the Nihon
:
Shoki 29
Sex in AncientJapanese Culture 31
Daily Life in the Ancient Age 33
Tumulus Art 33
3. The Age ofthe Penal and Administrative Codes 36
The Establishment ofthe Codes 36
The Importing ofContinental Spiritual
Culture 38
Buddhist Art ofthe Asuka, Hakuho, and
Tempyo Periods 41
New Developments in Traditional Arts 51
Early Heian Culture 53
4. Aristocratic Society 55
The Character ofAristocratic Society 55
The Literary Art ofthe Tales 57
The Development ofthe Picture Scrolls 69
The Extension ofAristocratic Culture 75
Ways ofLife in Town and Country 78
5. The Growth of Feudal Society 80
The Rise and Historical Significance of the
Warrior Class 80
The Evolution ofthe Warrior Aesthetic
Tradition 81
The Realization ofa New Buddhism 85
The Emergence ofTheoretical Philosophy 90
The Persistence of the Aristocratic Tradition 92
The Dissolution of the Manor System and the
Decline ofAncient Power 93
The Cultural Reversal 95
The Secularization ofReligion and the New
Advance in Cultural Developments 100
Daily Life in the Muromachi Period 1 11
6. The Culture ofEstablished Feudal Society 116
The Aesthetics ofMilitary Commanders and
Rich Merchants 16
1
Initial Contacts with the West 123
The Entrenchment ofthe Feudal System and
the Supremacy ofConfucianism 126
The Flourishing ofScholarship and the
Spread of Education 132
The Development of Popular Arts 141
Urban Culture in the Genroku Era 147
7. The Culture ofFeudal Decline 150
The Decline ofthe Feudal System and the
Overripeness of Urban Culture 150
The Birth of the Scientific Spirit 160
The Rising Spirit ofSocial Reform 164
Cultural Expansion 168
8. Traditional Characteristics ofJapanese Culture 172