Japan Defense White Paper 2020 (full text)

576 Pages·2020·190.842 MB·English

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2020
DEFENSE OF
JAPAN
On the Publication of Defense of Japan 2020
Minister of Defense
KONO Taro
Thank you very much for taking a look at the 2020 version of the Defense White Paper.
The Defense White Paper was fi rst published exactly 50 years ago, in 1970, based on
then Defense Agency Director-General NAKASONE Yasuhiro’s strong conviction that
“more than anything else, it is the understanding, active support, and cooperation of the
people that is essential to the defense of the nation,” at a time when the general public
still had a strong negative perception of the Self-Defense Forces (SDF).
Since then, as the international situation has changed dramatically and the
uncertainty over the security environment surrounding Japan has grown rapidly, the
role and the fi eld of activities of the Ministry of Defense (MOD)/SDF have broadened
to cover the space, cyberspace and electromagnetic domains.
Although dramatic changes unimaginable half a century ago have occurred,
widespread understanding and support from the Japanese people continue to be
essential in any era in order to defend their peaceful lives and Japan’s territorial land,
seas and airspace.
We believe that Mr. Nakasone’s conviction lives on in the current Defense White
Paper, which marks the 50th anniversary of publication. We are looking forward to
your reading it.
In compiling the 2020 version of the Defense White Paper, we pursued ease of
understanding and user-friendliness. Below, let me explain the notable features of the
white paper.
First, in order to provide an overall picture, we summarized important international
developments and the MOD/SDF’s activities that we would like you to understand in
the Special Feature “Defense Chronology” and “Digest.” These include North Korea’s
repeated ballistic missile launches; China’s persistent continuation of the unilateral
attempt to alter the status quo; the MOD/SDF’s dedicated contributions to bringing the
outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease under control; disaster relief operations
conducted in response to large-scale natural disasters; the start of information gathering
activity in order to ensure the safety of Japan-related vessels in the Middle East; and
defense cooperation and exchange with the United States and other countries.
In addition, in the current white paper, we introduce to readers around 50 SDF
personnel, a higher number than previously, in order to convey the voices of SDF
personnel engaging in various activities inside and outside of the country with a strong
sense of mission so that you can feel more familiar with the MOD/SDF.
In addition, in a new departure, we have prepared more than 50 videos related to the
contents of the main text and placed QR codes linked to them in the main text.
As you can easily play various videos via a smartphone, we hope that you will enjoy
watching them.
We also changed the coverage period of the white paper. Previously, the white paper
covered a period of approximately one year to around June, but the period was changed
to approximately one year to the end of March, namely the end of a fiscal year. As a
result, the 2020 version of the Defense White Paper mainly covers activities and
incidents in FY2019. However, it also covers some important incidents, such as those
related to the novel coronavirus, that occurred by June this year.
Furthermore, while the Defense White Paper can be accessed through the MOD’s
website, the 2020 version for the first time contains editable data in the Reference
section at the end. I hope that this will be very useful for readers.
As indicated above, I expect that more people, including security experts and
ordinary people, will find the 2020 version of the Defense White Paper enjoyable and
satisfying to read.
I sincerely hope that by using the white paper as a convenient reference, you will
deepen your understanding of matters related to the security of Japan and activities of
the MOD/SDF.
Defense of Japan
2020
Table of Contents
Special 1 Defense Chronology
Feature …………………………………………………………… 001
Special
Special 2 New Domains
Feature Feature ………………………………………………………………………… 011
Special 3 50 Years of the Defense of Japan
Feature ………………………………… 013
Digest
The content of Part I to Part IV of the main text is summarized in 24 pages. ……………………………………………………………… 015
Part
Ⅰ Chapter 1 Overview Section 6 Maritime Trends ……………………………………………………186
1. Current Trends in Security Environment ……………………………………… 41 1 Trends Related to the “Principle of the Freedom of the High Seas” ……………186
2. Regional Security Environment Surrounding Japan …………………………… 42 2 National Maritime Security Initiatives …………………………………………187
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e 3 Trends in the Arctic Ocean ……………………………………………………189
c Chapter 2 Defense Policies of Countries Section 7 Transfer and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction
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r Section 1 The United States …………………………………………………… 45 (WMDs) ………………………………………………………………191
it 1 Security and Defense Policies ………………………………………………… 45 1 Nuclear Weapons ……………………………………………………………191
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E 2 Military Posture ……………………………………………………………… 53 2 Biological and Chemical Weapons ……………………………………………192
n Section 2 China ………………………………………………………………… 56 3 Ballistic Missiles and Other Missiles …………………………………………193
v 1 General Situation …………………………………………………………… 56 4 Growing Concerns about Transfer and Proliferation of WMDs and Other Technologies …193
iro 2 Military Affairs ……………………………………………………………… 57 Section 8 Trends in International Terrorism …………………………………195
n 3 Relations with Countries and Regions ………………………………………… 80 1 General Situation ……………………………………………………………195
m 4 Military Capabilities of Taiwan ……………………………………………… 86 2 Trends in ISIL-related International Terrorist Organizations ……………………195
en Section 3 Korean Peninsula …………………………………………………… 90 3 Movements of International Terrorist Organizations Other Than ISIL-Affi liated Groups … 197
t 1 North Korea ………………………………………………………………… 91
S 2 The ROK and the U.S. Forces Korea ……………………………………………109
ur Section 4 Russia …………………………………………………………………113 Part
ro 1 General Situation ……………………………………………………………113 Ⅱ Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Japan’s Security and Defense
u 2 Security and Defense Policies …………………………………………………114 Section 1 Measures to Ensure Japan’s Security ……………………………199
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d 3 Military Posture and Trends …………………………………………………115 J Section 2 Constitution and the Basis of Defense Policy ……………………200
in 4 Russian Forces in the Vicinity of Japan ………………………………………120 a 1 Constitution and the Right of Self-Defense ……………………………………200
g 5 Russian Forces in Japan’s Northern Territories…………………………………122 p 2 The Government’s View on Article 9 of the Constitution ………………………200
J 6 Relations with Other Countries ………………………………………………123 an 3 Basic Policy …………………………………………………………………202
apa Sectio1 nA u5s tOracliea an…ia… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………112299 ’s S Chapter 2 Organizations Responsible for Japan’s Security and Defense
n 2 New Zealand …………………………………………………………………132 e Section 1 National Security Council …………………………………………204
Section 6 Southeast Asia ………………………………………………………134 cu Section 2 Organization of the MOD/Self-Defense Forces (SDF) …………205
1. General Situation ……………………………………………………………134 r 1 Organizational Structure Supporting Defense Capability ………………………205
2. Security and Defense Policies of Each Country ………………………………134 ity 2 Joint Operations System of the SDF …………………………………………211
3 Military Modernization in the Region …………………………………………139 a
4 Intra-and Extra-Regional Cooperation …………………………………………140 n Chapter 3 Japan’s Security and Defense Policy
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Sectio1 nIn 7di aS …ou…th… A…sia… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………114422 D Sectio1.n J a1p Oanu’st lNinaeti oonfa lt Sheec uNraityti Poonliacyl SFreacmuerwitoyrk S t…ra…te…gy… (N…S…S)……………………………………221133
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2 Pakistan ……………………………………………………………………144 f 2. Outline of the NSS: Proactive Contribution to Peace ……………………………213
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3 Disputes over the Sovereignty of Kashmir ……………………………………145 n Section 2 Outline of NDPG ………………………………………………………215
Section 8 Europe …………………………………………………………………146 s 1 Basic Approach—Building a Multi-Domain Defense Force ……………………215
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1 General Situation ……………………………………………………………146 P 2 Japan’s Basic Defense Policy …………………………………………………216
2 Enhancement of Multinational Security Frameworks …………………………146 o 3 Priorities in Strengthening Defense Capability …………………………………217
3 Security/Defense Policies of European Countries ………………………………149 lic 4 Organization of the SDF ………………………………………………………217
Section 9 Middle East, North Africa, and Other Regions …………………153 y 5 Elements Supporting Defense Capability ………………………………………220
1 Overview ……………………………………………………………………153 Section 3 Outline of the MTDP (FY2019–FY2023) …………………………221
2 Situation in the Gulf Region …………………………………………………153 1 Program Guidelines …………………………………………………………221
3 The Situation Surrounding Middle East Peace …………………………………156 2 Quantities of Major Procurement ……………………………………………222
4 Situation in Syria ……………………………………………………………156 3 Expenditures …………………………………………………………………222
5 Situation in Yemen ……………………………………………………………157
6 Situation in Libya ……………………………………………………………158 Chapter 4 Build-up of Defense Capability, etc.
7 Situation in Egypt ……………………………………………………………159 Section 1 Build-Up of Defense Capability in FY2020 ………………………224
8 Situation in Afghanistan ………………………………………………………159 Section 2 Defense-Related Expenditures ……………………………………226
9 Situation in South Sudan ……………………………………………………160 1 Overview of Defense-Related Expenditures ……………………………………226
10 Situation in Somalia …………………………………………………………161 2 Breakdown of Defense-Related Expenditures …………………………………226
3 Initiatives for Increasing the Effi ciency of Procurement …………………………229
Chapter 3 T rends Concerning New Domains including Outer Space,
4 Comparison with Other Countries ……………………………………………229
Cyberspace, and Electromagnetic Spectrum, and Relevant
Challenges Facing the International Community Chapter 5 D evelopment of Legislation for Peace and Security and the
Section 1 Trends Concerning Military Science and Technology …………163 Self-Defense Forces (SDF) Activities since Legislation’s
1 Military Science and Technological Trends ……………………………………163 Enforcement
2 Trends Concerning Defense Technological and Industrial Bases ………………167 Section 1 Framework for Activities of the SDF and Others ………………231
Section 2 Trends in Space Domain ……………………………………………169 1 Responses to Armed Attack Situations, etc., and Survival-Threatening Situations …231
1 Space Domain and Security …………………………………………………169 2 Responses to Situations that Will Have an Important Infl uence …………………233
2 Various Countries’ Outer Space Initiatives ……………………………………170 3 Maintenance of Public Order and Responses to Aggression that Do Not Amount to an
Section 3 Trends in Cyber Domain ……………………………………………174 Armed Attack ………………………………………………………………234
1 Cyberspace and Security ……………………………………………………174 4 Disaster Relief Dispatches and Others…………………………………………236
2 Threats in Cyberspace ………………………………………………………174 5 Framework for Contributing to the Peace and Stability of the International Community …236
3 Initiatives against Cyberspace Threats ………………………………………177 Section 2 S DF Activities since Enforcement of Legislation for Peace and
Section 4 Trends in Electromagnetic Domain ………………………………180 Security ………………………………………………………………239
1. Electromagnetic Domain and Security ………………………………………180 1 Promotion of Various Preparations for New Missions Based on the Legislation for Peace and Security …239
2 Each Country’s Electronic Warfare Initiatives …………………………………181 2 Dispatch of Staff Offi cers to the Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) ………239
Section 5 Developments regarding the Novel Coronavirus Disease 3 The Operationalization of the Protection of Weapons and Other Equipment of the Units of the
(COVID-19) ……………………………………………………………183 Armed Forces of the United States and Other Countries (SDF Law Article 95-2) ……… 240
4 Conclusion of the New Japan-U.S. Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement (ACSA) … 241
5 Assignment of New Mission for the South Sudan PKO …………………………241
■Reference ……………………………472 ■Defense Chronology ………………564
D E F E N S E O F J A P A N 2 0 2 0
Part Part
Ⅲ Chapter 1 Japan’s Own Architecture for National Defense Ⅳ Chapter 1 Human Resource Base that Sustains the Defense Capability
Section 1 Response from Peacetime to Grey Zone Situations ……………243 Section 1 Reinforcing Human Resource Base ………………………………403
1 Persistent ISR in the Area Surrounding Japan …………………………………244 1 Recruitment and Employment ………………………………………………403
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h 2 Measures against Violation of Japan’s Sovereignty ……………………………247 o 2 Daily Education and Training …………………………………………………408
r Section 2 Defense of Japan including its Remote Islands…………………252 r 3 Measures Aimed at Ensuring Effective Use of Human Resources ………………408
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s 5 Initiatives Related to the Protection of Civilians ………………………………265 n 3 Reform for Promoting the Careers of Female Personnel ………………………418
o Section 3 Responses in the Domains of Space, Cyberspace and ts
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n 3 Response in Electromagnetic Domain …………………………………………273 r 2 Initiatives to Make the Most of Limited Human Resources (Manpower Saving and
’s Section 4 Efforts of the MOD/SDF in response to the Spread of Novel is Automation) …………………………………………………………………423
D Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) …………………………………275 in Section 2 Reinforcing Technology Base ………………………………………424
efe 12 DDiisspasattecrh iRnegl iNefu irns iRnges Opfofincseer st ot oC tOhVeI DC-h1a9rt …ere…d …Air…pla…ne… Le…av…ing… W…uh…an ……………………227755 g D 12 NDeecfeenssseit yT eocfh Rneoilnofgoyrc Sintrga Tteegcyh naonldo gRye lBaatesde D…oc…um…en…ts ……………………………………………………442244
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s 3 Activities at the SDF Hospital, etc. ……………………………………………277 fe 3 Initiatives for Research and Development ……………………………………426
e 4 Activities for Sending Out and Sharing of Information at Home and Abroad ……280 n 4 Active Utilization of Civilian Technology ………………………………………427
(M 5 Efforts of the MOD/SDF to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 Infection …………281 se Section 3 Optimizing Equipment Procurement………………………………430
e 6 Other Efforts …………………………………………………………………281 C 1 Project Management throughout Equipment Life Cycle …………………………430
a Section 5 Response to Large-Scale Disasters, etc. …………………………282 a 2 Improving the Contract System and Other Related Matters ……………………431
n 1 Response to Large-Scale Disasters, etc. ………………………………………282 p 3 Initiatives Aimed at Increasing the Efficiency of Procurement, and Other Related
s t 2 Response to Rescue and Transport of Japanese Nationals Overseas, etc. ………291 ab Initiatives ……………………………………………………………………433
o A Section 6 IJnafpoarmn-arteiloante Gda Vtheesrsienlgs Ainc ttihveit iMesid fdolre EEnassut ri…ng… th…e… Sa…fe…ty… o…f …292 ilit 4 PPrroocmuorteimnge nInti t…iat…ive… to…wa…rd…s S…tre…am…lin…ing… of… Fo…re…ign… M…ilit…ary… Sa…le…s (F…M…S) ………434
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v the Middle East (Cabinet Decision) ……………………………………………293 c 2 The Strategy on Defense Production and Technological Bases …………………436
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t 3 Communication and Cooperation with Relevant Countries ……………………297 3 Initiatives toward Strengthening of Defense Industrial Base ……………………437
h Section 5 Defense Equipment and Technology Cooperation ………………440
e O SeCchtiaopnt e1 rO 2u t l iJnae poaf nth-eU .JSa.p Aalnli-aUn.Sc.e Security Arrangements ………………299 12 TDhereepee Pnriningc iRpelelast ioonn sThraipnss fwerit ho ft hDee fUennistee dE qSutaiptemse rnetg aanrddi nTge cDhenfoelnosgey E…qu…ipm…e…nt …and4 40
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je 1 Significance of the Japan-U.S. Security Arrangements …………………………299 Technology Cooperation ………………………………………………………441
c 2 Background to the Strengthening of the Alliance ………………………………301 3 Building New Defense Equipment and Technology Cooperation ………………442
tiv 3 Content of the Guidelines for Japan-U.S. Defense Cooperation …………………302 4 Adapting Defense Equipment for External Use …………………………………446
e 4 Policy Consultations between Japan and the United States ……………………306 5 Participation in International Defense Equipment Exhibitions …………………446
s Section 2 S trengthening Ability of Japan-U.S. Alliance to Deter and Counter Threats …309 6 Public-Private Collaboration for Appropriate Overseas Transfer of Defense Equipment ……447
o 1 Cooperation in Space and Cyber Domains ……………………………………309 7 Preventing Leakage of Key Technologies for Defense Equipment ………………447
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D 2 Comprehensive Air and Missile Defense ………………………………………310
e 3 Bilateral Training and Exercises ………………………………………………310 Chapter 3 Enhancing Intelligence Capabilities
fe 4 ISR Activities …………………………………………………………………312 1 Military Intelligence Collection ………………………………………………448
n 5 Maritime Security ……………………………………………………………312 2 Initiatives towards Enhancing Intelligence Capabilities …………………………450
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e 6 Logistics Support ……………………………………………………………312 3 Defense Intelligence Headquarters ……………………………………………450
) 7 Cooperation in Response to a Large-Scale Disaster in Japan …………………313
Section 3 Strengthening and Expanding Cooperation in a Wide Range of Chapter 4 Elements that Sustain Defense Capability
Areas …………………………………………………………………314 Section 1 SDF Training …………………………………………………………451
1 Creation of a Desirable Security Environment …………………………………314 1 Training and Exercise by Each Self-Defense Forces (SDF) ………………………451
2 Initiatives for Leveraging Capabilities …………………………………………315 2 Training Environment …………………………………………………………451
Section 4 Steady Implementation of Measures Concerning the USFJ …317 3 Initiatives to Safety Management, etc. …………………………………………452
1 Stationing of the USFJ ………………………………………………………317 Section 2 Enhancement of Medical Functions ………………………………453
2 Progress of the Realignment of the USFJ………………………………………319 1 Enhancing Seamless Medical Care and Evacuation Posture ……………………453
3 Stationing of the U.S. Forces in Okinawa ………………………………………320 2 SDF Hospitals Serving as Hub Hospitals with Enhanced Functions ……………453
4 Stationing of the U.S. Forces in Regions Other than Okinawa …………………334 3 Strengthening the Function of the NDMC………………………………………454
5 Initiatives for Smooth Implementation of the Realignment of the USFJ …………340 4 Enhancement of Education of Medical and Nursing Officers ……………………455
5 Enhancement of Capabilities to Treat War Injury ………………………………455
Chapter 3 Security Cooperation 6 Developing Conditions Necessary for International Cooperation ………………456
Section 1 Strategic Promotion of Multi-Faceted and Multi-Layered Defense
Cooperation …………………………………………………………341 Chapter 5 Interaction with Local Communities and Japanese Citizens
1 Significance and Evolution of Security Cooperation and Dialogue, and Defense Section 1 Collaboration with Local Communities …………………………457
Cooperation and Exchanges etc. …………………………………………341 1 Supporting Civilian Life ………………………………………………………457
2 Promotion of Defense Cooperation and Exchanges ……………………………346 2 Cooperation from Local Governments and Other Relevant Organizations for the SDF ……457
3 Promotion of Multilateral Security Cooperation ………………………………373 3 Activities for Securing Understanding and Cooperation of Municipal Governments and
4 Proactive and Strategic Initiatives for Capacity Building ………………………380 Local Residents …………………………………………………………458
Section 2 Ensuring Maritime Security ………………………………………383 4 Measures to Promote Harmony between Defense Facilities and Surrounding Areas …458
1 Initiatives towards Ensuring Maritime Security ………………………………383 5 Participation in National Events ………………………………………………463
2 Counter-Piracy Operations ……………………………………………………383 6 Activities for Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games ……………………………464
3 Training-Centered Initiatives …………………………………………………387 7 Other Initiatives ………………………………………………………………466
4 Cooperation in Maritime Security ……………………………………………387 Section 2 P ublic Relations Activities, Public Records and Archives
Section 3 Cooperation in Use of Space and Cyber Domains ………………388 Management, Information Disclosure, and Related Activities …468
1 Cooperation in the Use of Space Domain ………………………………………388 1 Various Public Relations Activities ……………………………………………468
2 Cooperation in the Use of Cyber Domain ………………………………………388 2 Initiatives for Public Document Management and Information Disclosure ………471
Section 4 Initiatives for Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation …390 3 Initiatives for Policy Evaluation ………………………………………………471
1 Initiatives Focused on Treaties Relating to Arms Control, Disarmament, and Non-Proliferation …390
2 International Initiatives Aimed at Non-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction … 391
Section 5 Efforts to Support International Peace Cooperation Activities …393
1 Frameworks for International Peace Cooperation Activities ……………………393
2 Initiatives to Support UN PKO, etc. ……………………………………………394
3 International Disaster Relief Activities …………………………………………399
Defense of Japan
2020
Table of Contents
Column
Part
Ⅰ Chapter 2 Defense Policies of Countries
VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel who Participated in Capacity Building for Lao People’s
Column Establishment of the Space Force ……………………………………54 Armed Forces ……………………………………………………… 382
Column Changing Military Balance between China and Taiwan …………………88 VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Engaging in the United Nations Project for Rapid
Column N orth Korea’s nuclear and missile capabilities (Based on the current state of Deployment of Enabling Capabilities (RDEC) (renamed United Nations
miniaturization and warhead technology of nuclear weapons) ……………104 Triangular Partnership Project [UNTPP]) …………………………… 398
Column Trends in Military Cooperation Between Russia and China …………………………124 VOICE Voice of an SDF Personnel Engaged in International Disaster Relief Activities
in Response to a Large-scale Bushfi re in Australia ………………… 401
Chapter 3 Trends Concerning New Domains including Outer Space,
Cyberspace, and Electromagnetic Spectrum, and Relevant Part
Challenges Facing the International Community
Ⅳ Chapter 1 Human Resource Base that Sustains the Defense Capability
Column Technology for Coordination between Crewed Aircraft and Unmanned Aerial VOICE Voice of an Active SDF Reserve Personnel and His Employer ………… 406
Vehicles (UAV) ……………………………………………………… 165
VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Studying at Graduate Schools etc. at Home or Abroad ……409
Column SDF’s Emergency Rations ………………………………………… 410
Part Column Defensive Memorial Cordons, Defensive Meritorious Badges and Medals for
Ⅱ Chapter 2 O rganizations Responsible for Japan’s Security and Defense Contribution to Unit Merits …………………………………………………… 410
Column Duties of the Self Defense Forces ………………………………… 212 VOICE Voice of a Re-employed SDF Personnel and His Employer …………… 413
VOICE Voice of a Father Enjoying Child Rearing …………………………… 417
Chapter 3 Japan’s Security and Defense Policy
VOICE Active Participation of Female Personnel …………………………… 420
Column Acquisition of the F-35B Fighter Aircraft …………………………… 223
Chapter 2 Measures on Defense Equipment and Technology
Chapter 4 Build-up of Defense Capability, etc.
Column Development of F-X ……………………………………………… 427
Column Capability Enhancement regarding Space, Cyberspace and Electromagnetic VOICE Defense Industry Supporting Build-Up of Defense Capability ………… 439
Domains as Part of the Buildup of Defense Capability in 2020 ……… 224
Chapter 3 Enhancing Intelligence Capabilities
Part
VOICE Voice of Defense Attachés ………………………………………… 449
Ⅲ Chapter 1 Japan’s Own Architecture for National Defense
Chapter 5 Interaction with Local Communities and Japanese Citizens
VOICE Voice of Fixed-Wing Patrol Aircraft Crew in Charge of Warning and
Surveillance ……………………………………………………… 247 Column “Disposal of Unexploded Bombs” Contributing to Safety and Security of
Column Scrambling against Aircraft Intruding into Territorial Airspace ………… 250 People …………………………………………………………… 458
VOICE Working at My New Post at the GSDF Miyako Guard ………………… 255 Column Addressing Issues of perfl uorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and other organic
VOICE Activities of Personnel Dispatched to JAXA ………………………… 269 fl uorine compounds ……………………………………………… 463
VOICE A Private-ship Captain Who Fought Against COVID-19 Virus Together with VOICE Participating in a National Event (Sokuirei-Seiden-no-gi, Ceremony of the
SDF Personnel …………………………………………………… 277 Enthronement of His Majesty the Emperor at the Seiden [State Hall]) … 464
Column “Fight against an Invisible Enemy (Novel Coronavirus)”–Achieved Zero VOICE After the Ceremony to Receive the Olympic Flame ………………… 465
Secondary Infections ……………………………………………… 278 Column The Drone Act ……………………………………………………… 467
VOICE Response to the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) …………… 279 VOICE Essay Competition: Impressions upon Reading Defense of Japan 2019 … 469
Column A Letter of Thanks from a German Couple ………………………… 280
Column Launch of the MOD/SDF’s Offi cial Twitter Account (For Disaster Response) ……284
Column Use of Drones for Disasters to Convey Information on the Current Status at
the Time of Disasters ……………………………………………… 285
Column Provision of Allergy-Conscious Meals ……………………………… 286
VOICE Activities at Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. (TEPCO) during the Disaster Relief
in Response to the 2019 Boso Peninsula Typhoon (Typhoon Faxai)…… 287
Participating in Disaster Relief ……………………………………… 288
Participating in Disaster Relief Activities in Response to the 2019 East Japan
Typhoon (Typhoon Hagibis) ………………………………………… 288
VOICE Engaging in Information Gathering Activities in the Middle East ……… 296
VOICE Response from Relevant Industries to the Information Gathering Activities in
the Middle East …………………………………………………… 297
Chapter 2 Japan-U.S. Alliance
VOICE Enhancement of Multidimensional Japan-U.S. Bilateral Response Capabilities …310
VOICE Participating in Malabar 2019 ……………………………………… 315
Chapter 3 Security Cooperation
VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Who Participated in Japan-India bilateral exercise SHINYUU
Maitri 19 ……………………………………………………………………350
VOICE Announcement of “Vientiane Vision 2.0”: Voice of Personnel Who Engaged in
its Development …………………………………………………… 351
VOICE Enhancing the Ability of the Armed Forces of the Philippines to Respond to (cid:12255)Maps in this White Paper may contain omissions depending
Disasters ………………………………………………………… 354
Part on the design and layout and may not necessarily show the
VOICE Voice of SDF Personnel Who Participated in the International Fleet Review to entire Japanese territory.
Commemorate the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese People’s
Liberation Army Navy ……………………………………………… 366
VOICE Voice of the First Offi cial Trip to Pacifi c Island Countries by State Minister of
The period covered by this White Paper is up to
Defense, One of the political offi cers of the MOD and Support Staff … 369
the end of March 2020, in principle.
D E F E N S E O F J A P A N 2 0 2 0
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Call for Essays Regarding Defense of Japan 2020
Essay Competition: Impressions upon Reading Defense of Japan 2020
Essay Competition: Impressions upon Reading Defense of Japan will be held just as last year. We are looking forward to receiving impressions upon
reading the Defense of Japan from many people.
Entry requirements are as below. Please see the website of the Ministry of Defense, too.
Book for the essay competition Defense of Japan 2020 Application deadline December 31 (Thu) 2020
(postmark deadline for postal applications)
Application method
(1) Postal application Award
(cid:12255) Write only the text of your essay on up to 5 sheets of manuscript Essays will be selected for the following awards and recognized during
paper for 400 characters
March 2021 at the Ministry of Defense
(cid:12255)Write the following on other paper (free style)
(cid:12253)title of your essay (cid:12253)your address (cid:12253)your name with furigana (cid:12255)First Award
(cid:12253)your occupation (cid:12253)your age (cid:12253)your phone number Honorable certificate and extra prize (two tickets to both Fuji Fire
(cid:12253)E-mail address Power Exercise and SDF Marching Festival)
(cid:12255)Send the two items above to the following address
(cid:12255)Award for Excellence
Section in charge of Defense of Japan Essay Competition, Policy Planning
and Evaluation Division, Minister’s Secretariat, Ministry of Defense Honorable certificate and extra prize (two tickets to either Fuji Fire
5-1 Ichigaya Honmuracho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8801 Power Exercise or SDF Marching Festival)
(2) Application through the MOD website
(cid:12255)D ownload the form and write the text of your essay (up to 2,000
characters).
(cid:12255) Upload the text using the application form and send the text after
entering necessary items.
See Part IV (p. 470) for details.
Special
Feature Defense Chronology
11
Fight Against the Novel
Medical offi cer collecting PCR samples from a crew
member
Coronavirus Disease
(COVID-19)
Ambulance providing transport support
The worldwide pandemic of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses a critical
security threat not only to Japan, but also to the international community as a whole.
The Ministry of Defense (MOD) and the Self-Defense Forces (SDF) are engaged in
activities to prevent the spread of infection using all available resources.
In January 2020, the MOD voluntarily dispatched SDF personnel in order to implement
Reserve SDF member engaged in nursing duties
disaster relief operation for Japanese citizens who returned to Japan due to the spread
of COVID-19 in China. In addition, SDF Reserve Personnel qualifi ed as doctors and
nurses, etc. were mobilized to provide medical support.
Tfcorhara nprsetpeoorperltde s flru eipgtuphrotnsr titn og rteos ptheecitri vheo mcoeu ncotruienstries by
Life support assistance for returned Japanese nationals
January 2020
SDF vehicles engaged in disaster relief operations for the cruise ship
Since March 28, 2020, the SDF has conducted various activities, including March 2020
support of quarantine at airports to reinforce border control against COVID-19,
and education on prevention of infection for employees of private accommodation
facilities to prevent the spread of community-acquired infection. The SDF Central
Hospital admitted patients infected via community spread of the virus.
Training on how to wear protective clothing
Training for accommodation Transporting returnees/foreign nationals awaiting PCR test results from airports to
facility staff in preventing infection accommodation facilities
1 DEFENSE OF JAPAN 2020
Activities in the SDF Central Hospital
Among other activities, the SDF Central Hospital admitted and cared
for patients suffering from COVID-19.
Explaining the X-ray procedure to a patient
Patient guidance
Letters of encouragement to patients from the hospital
PCR testing
Sharing Information at Home and Abroad
Special pages set up on The MOD/SDF set up special pages on their and
the MOD and Joint Staff
websites other websites that published detailed measures
to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19.
In addition, the MOD/SDF shared information,
lessons learned, and knowledge obtained
through measures to fi ght COVID-19 with other
countries via their embassies in Tokyo and also
telephone conversations with defense ministers
of 15 countries. (As of June 16)
Main MOD/SDF Activities Against COVID-19
DeFpolromym oef nt Period January February March April May
Chartered fl ights Cruise ship “Diamond Princess”
Quarantine Medical support and
support (note 1) quarantine support (Note 2)
Life support assistance
(delivery/sorting of supplies, support for disinfection, etc.)
Transport support for disembarking
Disaster relief passengers
operation to Voluntary January
prevent the relief 31-March Returned Japanese nationals who required
spread of deployment 16, 2020 health ocbrusiesrev asthioipn paansds ednisgeemrsbarking
infection
Temporary accommodation facilities
Life support assistance
(distribution of supplies, serving of meals, collection of medical questionnaire, etc.)
Medical support (patient rounds and medical care by medical offi cers and nurses)
Airports (Narita and Haneda)
Quarantine support (note 2)
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Temporary accommodation facilities
Life support assistance (distribution of meals, etc.)
Lfaifceil istuiepsport assistance at accommodation Sfaucpilpitoyr ts tfaofrf t(rtarainininingg t oin l opcraelv egnotvienrgn minfeenctt iaonnd) accommodation
Disaster relief Requests
operations to from
combat prefectural April 3, Support for PCR sample
community- governors 2020- collection and medical
acquired and other Airlift of emergency cases support
COVID-19 authorities Transport between hospital and accommodation facilities for
patients who tested positive (asymptomatic or with mild
symptoms) and were staying at accommodation facilities
Activities by SDF Admission of patients who tested positive
hospitals, etc. Pcaressee anntaatliyosne sof Clinical trial of Avigan (favipiravir)
Sharing of Publication of “Keeping Everyone Safe from COVID-19” on the
information Joint Staff website
about lessons/ Sharing of lessons/fi ndings with other countries (including via telephone
fi ndings conversations with other defense ministers)
(Note 1) Q uarantine support by the second and third chartered fl ights was conducted prior to disaster relief operations on the basis of cooperation with other government agencies in response to a request from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Operations by the fourth and fi fth chartered fl ights were conducted on the basis of
disaster relief operations and cooperation with other government agencies in response to a request from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.
(Note 2) Conducted as disaster relief operations on the basis of cooperation with other government agencies in response to a request from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
Defense of Japan 2