James the Just and Christian Origins (Supplements to Novum Testamentum) PDF
Preview James the Just and Christian Origins (Supplements to Novum Testamentum)
Jamest he Just & Christian Origins Ct' Edited by Bruce Chilton & h I Craig A. Evans I BRILL ,-j2! , - ;r ,:.. The lack of serious and sustained investiga- tion of the historical figure of James 'the Just,' brother of Jesus, is one of the curious over- sights in modern critical study of Christian origins.James theJ ust and Christian Origins addresses this problem. The questions that surround this exceedingly important, yet largely ignored figure are several and com- plicated. Was he really the brother of Jesus? How influential was he in the early church? What was the nature of his relationship to the other apostles, especially to Paul? H Odi~d James understand Christianity's relationship to Judaism and to the people of Israel? Out of this grows a very important question: In its generative moment, was Christianity in k tas well as in its self-awareness, a species ofJ udaism? Contributors from several coun- tries are currently engaged in collaborative study in James and early Jewish Christianity. James theJ ust and Christian Origins is the first of several planned volumes to be published. Bruce Chilton is Bernard Iddings Bell Professor of Philosophy and Religion at Bard College, and the author of A Feast of Meanings:E ucharistic Theologiesf romlesus thnnrghJohannine Circles (Leiden, Brill, 1994). CnigE vans is Professor of New Testament at Trinity Western University and Senior Research Fellow at Roehmpton Institute London, and author ofbsus and His Con- tmrporaries: Comparative Studies (Brill, 1995). JAMES THE JUST AND CHRISTM ORIGINS Thlr One SUPPLEMENTS TO NOVUM TESTAMENTUM C K. BARWIT, Durham - P. BORGENT, r~~ldlieit~i J.K. EILIOTTL, ceds - H.J . DE JONGEL, cidcn A.J.M UERBE, Nrw Haven M.J.J. hILweh., Utrecht - J. Sun: SIRINGAh,i strrdam Exetuhue Mzlnn M h.1 M~tcttcll,C hicago & D P MOFSS~XR1),u buquc VOI,UME XCVIII JAMES THE JUST AND CHRISTIAN ORIGINS EDITED BY BRUCE CHIL'TON am CRAIG A. EVANS BRILL . . LEIDEN BOSTON KOLN 1999 This book is pririted on acid-free paper. ISSN 0167-9732 ISBN 90 04 1 1550 1 AN ngkr reserved. No part of thu publtcdton my be rcpmducd, trw~~latesdto, red zn a reh~ayis Uni, or lrcnmtllfld 1n N Ifm~m or by anp nuam, ekchmtc. wchanllaf, phol~c@"g~r ccordqq or olh;rte, rudwut pnar rurtUen pmnrfnon Jiom the publrrhtr Authrmtatron to photocopy ttnntjor UIICWIU~o r pnsmal uu u gr& by BnU ptdcd that the appropatefcrr arc pad drrcctly fa 77u: CInrInrbpynghi Ciearancr C&, 222 R o s dh ,Su tte 910 L)anwr MA 01923, M4. Fees are nrb~eclfo chaqc PRINTED fh' THE NP.THERLANDS CONTENTS Preface ......................................... vii Abbreviations ..................................... ix Contributors.. .................................... xi PART ONE ISSUES OF BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT BRUCE CHILTON Introduction ....................................... 3 PHILIP DAVIES James in the Qumran Scrolls. .......................... 17 PETER H. DAVIDS Palestinian Traditions in the Epistle of James ...............3 3 JACOB NEUSNER Vow-Taking, the Nazirites, and the Law: Does James' Advice to Paul Accord with Halakhah? .......... 59 SCOT MCKNIGHT A Parting within the Way: Jesus and James on Israel and Purity . . 83 PART TWO JAMES AND JEWISH CHRISTIANlTY WILLIAM R. FARMER James the Lord's Brother, according to Paul. .............. 133 MARKUS BOCKMUEHL Antioch and James the Just ........................... 155 RICHARD J. BAUCKHAM For What Offence Was James Put to Death? ............... 199 CRAIG A. EVANS Jesus and James: Martyrs of the Temple .................. 233 BRUCE CHILTON Conclusions and Questions ........................... 25 1 Index of Ancient Literature. ..........................2 69 Index of Modem Authors ............................ 287 Index of Subjects and Figures ......................... 293 PREFACE The consultation on James, Jesus' brother, emerged out of interactive scholarship and discussion which has been pursued at Bard College over the past four years. Since 1996, a series of international meetings has focused on the relationship between Judaism and Christianity, especially during their formative periods. A conference at Bard in 1997, entitled "The Missing Jesus - Rabbinic Judaism and the New Testament," found that James was a particularly fruitful focus of inquiry. As a result, Mr. Frank T. Crohn, the principal supporter of our work, suggested that a consultation specifically devoted to James might be productive. The itinerary and method of the consultation are described in this volume, and the principal contributors have prepared their work for publication. We are indebted to Mr. Crohn, to the contributors, and to Miss Theresa Desmond, our conference officer. Audio and video- tapes of our discussion have also been produced, and are available from Bard College. The approach and level of our interaction have been developed within the Institute for Advanced Theology at Bard, which is dedi- cated to comparative study and cooperative scholarship. The Institute sponsored the consultation by means of grants from Mr. Crohn and the Pew Charitable Trusts, and is engaged to pursue this and similar initiatives. As our volume attests, we alln to continue investigating the seam which the study of James has opened up for us. The authors are grateful to the editorial board of Supplements to Novutn Testamentum for accepting this collection of studies for publication, to Dr. Theo Joppe of E. J. Brill for his guidance during the publication process, and to Ginny Evans for preparing the indexes. All of the essays are in English, but contributors were free to follow either British or A~nericans tyle. Bruce Chilton June, 1999 Bard College Craig A. Evans Trinity Western University
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