James. Career Paths English: Agriculture Teacher's Book

41 Pages·6.134 MB·English

by  O' Sullivan Neil, Libbin D.

Neil 0' Sullivan
James D. Libbin
Neil O'Sullivan
lames D. Libbin
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Express Publishing
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Published by Express Publishing
Liberty House, Greenham Business Park, Newbury,
Berkshire RG19 6HW
Tel.: [phone]
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© Express Publishing, 2011
Design and Illustration © Express Publishing, 2011
First published 2011
Made in EU
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
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This book is not meant to be changed in any way.
ISBN 978-0-78098-379-0
Table of Contents
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1
Answer Key ............................ .......................... .......... 4
Audioscripts .. .. .................. ..... .... ... ... .... ..... ... ............ ... 12
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2
Answer Key .. ......... ... ........... .......... .... ...... ....... .... ........ 14
Audioscripts .......... ..... ... ... .. ...... ......... ........ .......... ....... 23
f:)
3
Answer Key .. .... ...... ... ........... .... .... ....... .... ............... ... 26
Audioscripts ... .......... ................. ................................. 36
Book 1
Answer Key
Unit 1 Unit 2
1 Suggested Answer 1 Suggested Answer
1 In the USA, Native Americans began farming 1 My favourite fruits are cherries and mangos. My
roughly 7000 years ago. favourite vegetables are carrots and potatoes.
2 Farmers first grew squash and maize. 2 Non-food products that come from plants include.
clothing, rope, and furniture.
2 F 2 T 3 F
2 1 melons, strawberries, blueberries
3 1 C 3 E 5 F 2 broccoli, peas, lettuce, tubers, legumes
2 A 4 D 6 B 3 granola
4 hemp shoes, shirts, hats
4 1 A water supply B Irrigation
2 A Farming B harvesting 3 1 D 3 E 5 B
2 C 4 A 6 F
5 Suggested Answer
4 B 2 B 3 B 4 A
1 Agriculture started in the Fertile Crescent.
2 Farmers used the Nile River to water their crops.
5 Suggested Answer
3 Extra food was used to feed domesticated animals.
At the market you can find fresh fruit (such as
6 B 2 A melons, strawberries and blueberries) and fresh
vegetables (such as broccoli, peas and lettuce). You
7 1 Excuse me 3 ditches 5 control can also find cereal and clothing.
2 crops 4 water 6 gates
6 potatoes, strawberries, granola
8 Suggested Answer
7 1 help you 4 How much
A: Excuse me, Mr. Brown. I have a question.
2 strawberries 5 granola
B: Great. What is it?
3 potatoes 6 Cereal crops
A: How did early farmers irrigate their crops?
B: Oh, with ditches. They connected their fields and
8 Suggested Answer
the Nile river.
A: Okay. So, water moved through the ditches to the B: Welcome to the farmer's market. Can I help you?
fields. A: Yes please I want some fresh vegetables.
B: Exactly! B: These peas are very fresh.
A: Then, I have another question. How did they A: Okay, great. I'd also like some potatoes and some
control the water? broccoli. How much are they?
B: The ditches had gates. They opened and water B: The peas are $2 a pound, the potatoes are $1.50
flowed through. and the broccoli is $4.00.
A: I'll take two pounds of each one please.
9 Suggested Answer B: Okay. Anything else today?
A: No, thank you.
Name: Sam Johnstone
Date: 11/12
9 Suggested Answer
Class: 10 C
Date of Sale: 03/08
Subject: History
Items Purchased: Price:
Farmers got water from the Nile River.
21b Peas $4.00
Water came to the fields in ditches.
21b Potatoes $3.00
They controlled the water by opening and closing
21b Broccoli $8.00
gates in the ditches.
Total Amount Due: $15.00
4
Answer Key
Book 1 Answer Key
Unit 3 2 Good soil is important because it provides crops
1 Suggested Answer with nutrients to grow. The more nutrients the soil
has the better the crops will grow.
1 Different types of meat come from different animals,
they include: beef (cow), pork (pig), poultry (chicken),
2 F 2 T 3 T
venison (deer) and lamb (sheep).
2 Other products that come from animals include.
3 1 soil structures 3 humus 5 Loam
leather, wool and tallow.
2 clay 4 Aeration
2 C 2 D 3 A
4 1 D 3 B 5 C
2 A 4 E 6 F
3 1 A Milk B wool
2 A Leather B protein
3 A meat B By-products 5 Suggested Answer
When planting tomatoes you need to take into
4 1 fat 3 hooves 5 tallow consideration the amount of water and air their roots
2 bones 4 rendering will have access to.
5 Suggested Answer 6 A 2 D
Before it is used to produce soaps animal fat is
rendered. 7 1 soil 4 good aeration
2 larger pot s 5 holds water
6 T 2 F 3 F 3 In that case 6 I'll take it
7 1 Listen up 3 chemicals 5 I'm sorry 8 Suggested Answer
2 do you mean 4 expensive 6 most soaps A: Hi. Can I help you with anything?
B: Yes. I need some soil.
8 Suggested Answer A: OK. Is it for indoor or outdoor plants?
A: Listen up. We have a new product to sell. Mr. B: It's for outdoor plants.
Vlass will tell us about it. A: What kind of plant is it for? Houseplants?
B: Okay. Customers want natural products, right? So Flowering plants? Vegetables?
we made an all-natural candle. B: I have some tomatoes I would like to plant.
A: What do you mean by "all-natural"? A: In that case you should use VegeGrow. It has
B: There are no extra chemicals. It's made of Tallow. good aeration and holds water well, too.
A: I'm sorry. What's tallow? B: Okay. I'll take it. Thanks for your help.
B: Oh, Tallow is rendered animal fat. It's used in most
soaps and candles. 9 Suggested Answer
A: Is it expensive? Product Name: VegeGrow
B: No, It's very cheap because it's a by-product that VegeGrow can be used for indoor or outdoor plants.
few people use. Each candle will cost 1Q c. It supports houseplant and vegetable growth.
A: That is cheap! Best of all, it has good aeration and holds water
better than any product.
9 Suggested Answer
Product: Candle Unit 5
Description/Special Qualities: All natural
Suggested Answer
Main Ingredient: Tallow
Expected Costs: 1Q c per candle 1 Farmers get water from rain, rivers and wells.
2 Water shortages limit the amount of water a
farmer has to water their crops. Without water,
Unit 4
crops fail. With no crops to sell the farmer will
1 Suggested Answer have no income.
1 In the USA we have many different types of soil.
Dark, rich soil is used for growing crops, loose, 2 1 B 2 B 3 A
sandy soil is found in the deserts, and clay which is
not very fertile can be found throughout the USA.
5
Answer Key
Book 1 Answer Key
3 1 A ditch B groundwater 4 1 seeds 4 bulk
2 A rainfall B shortage 2 days to maturity 5 dormancy
3 A drought -resistant B rain-fed 3 sowing methods
4 B 2 D 3 C 4 A 5 Suggested Answer
The broccoli will be edible in approximately 8 weeks.
5 Suggested Answer
Less rainfall in the mountains has limited the water 6 T 2 F 3 F
cycle, meaning there will be less rain in the future.
7 1 watermelon 4 bulk
6 F 2 T 3 T 2 didn't catch 5 No thanks
3 Got it 6 come in
7 1 survive 4 could be
2 do about 5 drought-resistant 8 Suggested Answer
3 expand 6 won't help A: Hi there. Welcome to Braxton Farms. How can I
help you?
8 Suggested Answer
B: Hi, I'd like to buy some seeds.
A: I'm worried. My vegetables won't survive if this A: Great. What varieties are you interested in?
drought continues. B: I want some cucumber, the Green Giant, and
B: I feel the same way. My corn and brocceli aren't some zucchini, the Imperial Blue.
doing well. A: I'm sorry. I didn't catch that.
A: What are you going to do about it? B: The Green Giant cucumber and the Imperial Blue
B: I might expand my irrigation system. zucchini.
A: That could be very expensive. A: Got it. Also we have a special today on bulk
B: I agree. But I don't know what else to do. orders. You get 20% off.
A: You could always plant drought-resistant B: No thanks. I only need three packets of each.
vegetables next year. A: Well, they come in packs of 5 for $6.99.
B: That's a good idea. It will cost less. But it won't
help this year. 9 Suggested Answer
Seed variety: Green Giant cucumber
9 Suggested Answer Number of packets: 3
Farm Report Seed variety: Imperial blue zucchini
Number of packets: 3
Date: 09/07
Discount? N
Crops planted: Corn, Broccoli Total Price: $13.98
Crop Condition: Not doing well
Water problems: Drought
Unit 7
Possible Solutions: Expand irrigation system, plant
drought -resistant vegetables 1 Suggested Answer
1 As they grow plants get bigger. Their roots grow
Unit 6 longer in order to draw more water and to support
the plant. Leaves increase in size and number and
1 Suggested Answer
most plants produce flowers.
1 When planting in fields farmers use machines to 2 Roots- The roots absorb water and anchor the
plant seeds. When planting in a greenhouse or plant into the ground.
small containers they do it by hand. Stem- The stem supports the plant and contains
2 Seeds need good soil and water to grow. the pipes that carry water and nutrients from the
leaves to the roots.
2 F 2 T 3 T Leaves- The leaves capture light and turn it into
food through a process called photosynthesis.
3 1 A 3 E 5 D Flowers- flowers are the plants reproductive
2 B 4 F 6 C organ.
6
Answer Key
Book 1 Answer Key
2 F 2 F 3 T 4 1 yield 3 stacks 5 package type
2 threshing 4 bushels
3 B 2 C 3 A 4 D
5 Suggested Answer
4 1 buds 3 leaves 5 Flowering
During this year's harvest one field matured later than
2 roots 4 growth chart 6 seed head
expected, farmers reaped several bushels too early
and there was a problem with the equipment during
5 Suggested Answer
threshing.
Gardeners like quinoa because it contains a lot of
protein and can grow in different environments. 6 B 2 C
6 1 F 2 F 3 F 7 1 status 4 planting schedule
2 How many 5 Nice job
7 1 didn't you 4 doing well
3 excellent 6 largest
2 at first 5 few acres
3 takes a while 6 or so 8 Suggested Answer
A: Joe, what's the status on the latest wheat
8 Suggested Answer
harvest?
A: Peter, you planted quinoa for the first time this
B: Well, we have twelve tons for immediate sale.
year, didn't you? A: Twelve tons? How many did we sell from the last
B: I did. I was worried at first, but it seems okay now. field?
A: Worried? Why?
B: Let's see. We sold ten tons from the last field.
B: It was growing so slowly. But it just takes a while A: That's excellent! Your new planting schedule is
for the buds to flower. working nicely.
A: Oh, so they're doing well? B: Yes, it is. We will approve another seven tons by
B: Yeah, they are. We expect to harvest them next
Monday.
week. A: Nice job, Joe. This is our largest harvest ever.
A: That's great. How much do you expect to
harvest? 9 Suggested Answer
B: Well, we planted 6 acres. So probably four thousand
Date Crop Package Package
pounds or so.
Type Weight
10/09 wheat bushel 16 tons
9 Suggested Answer
10/15 wheat bushel 12 tons
Acres Planted: 6
Summary of crop growth: Crops took some time to
Unit 9
flower but grew well.
Expected harvest: 4 thousand pounds 1 Suggested Answer
Actual Harvest: 5 thousand pounds 1 In the USA different crops are stored in different
ways. For temporary storage crops are put into
UnitS bales or stored in silage bags. For permanent
storage they are kept in tower or bunker silos.
1 Suggested Answer
2 Stored crops can be damaged by excess
1 In the USA different crops are harvested at
moisture and too little or too much ventilation. This
different times of the year. Corn, for example, is
leads to mold growing on the crops. Also, stored
harvested from October to November.
crops can be damaged by pests such as mice.
2 During harvest farmers use combine harvesters to
gather crops. 2 1 bunker silo 3 ventilation 5 tower
2 leveling 4 silage
2 F 2 F 3 T
3 1 A Cool B dry
3 1 A Reap B mature 2 A mold B storage
2 A harvest B chaff
3 A silage bag B ventilation
3 A bales B tons
7
Answer Key
Book 1 Answer Key
4 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 B 4 1 ration 3 nutrition
2 minerals 4 carbohydrates
5 Suggested Answer
5 Suggested Answer
Carla Thompson is contacting Mr. Garcia to inform
him that mold is growing on the silage. The main duties of the animal nutritionist will be:
preparing feed formula for fifteen varieties of chicken,
6 F 2 T 3 F researching and selecting low-cost ingredients with
high nutrient content, balancing carbohydrate, fat,
7 1 all over the place 4 see that protein, vitamin and mineral content in daily rations
2 new assistant 5 ventilation and adjusting the feed formula as needed.
3 leveling 6 old tower silo
6 B 2 B
8 Suggested Answer
7 1 Nice to meet 4 pig facility
A: Mr. Garcia, did you get my email about the bunker
2 take a seat 5 poultry
silo?
3 Tell me about 6 chickens
B: I did. How bad is it?
A: It's pretty bad. There's mold all over the place.
8 Suggested Answer
B: How did this happen?
A: It was our new assistant. He wasn't trained on A: Good morning Mr. Smith, I'm Peter Ronaldson.
leveling. B: Nice to meet you, Mr Ronaldson.
B: Well, see that he gets trained. A: Nice to meet you too. Please, take a seat and
A: Of course. We're also checking the ventilation we'll get started.
system. There's too much air moving in there. B: Thank you. Did you get my resume?
B: Use the old tower silo until you fix it and keep me A: Yes, I did. It looks very good. Tell me about your
updated. work at DPM Industries.
B: Well, I worked at their pig facility. I created special
9 Suggested Answer formulas for high-protein feed.
A: Interesting. Now, applicants must have experience
Bunker silo 13 has mold in it.
with poultry. Have you ever worked with chickens?
This was caused by improper leveling and too much
B: Yes, in my previous job. It was at Reynolds Farms.
ventilation.
Use the old tower silo until it is fixed.
9 Suggested Answer
There is training on leveling for all new employees
this week. Name: Ben Smith
Position applying for: Animal Nutritionist
Current Position: Animal nutritionist at DPM Industries
Unit 10
Responsibilities: Create special formulas for high
1 Suggested Answer protein feed
1 The type of food a farm animal eats depends on Former Position: Animal Nutritionist at Reynolds farms
the type of animal it is. Cattle eat a variety of Responsibilities: Creating feed for chickens
grass, hay and grain. Pigs are omnivores so they
eat feed made from plants and animals. Poultry Unit 11
are fed mostly grain, however, free range poultry
1 Suggested Answer
feeds mainly on grass.
2 Feed provides the nutrients an animal needs to 1 In the USA Animals are housed in different ways.
grow and survive. If the animal doesn't get the How they are housed depends on what type of
nutrients it needs it will not grow. Feed can also animal they are. For example chickens are kept
affect the taste of an animals' meat or milk and in a coop and cows can live in a barn.
its fat levels. 2 Workers maintain animal housing structures
through regular cleaning and maintenance.
2 T 2 T 3 F
2 1 F 2 T 3 F
3 D 2 B 3 E 4 C 5 A
8
Answer Key
Book 1
Answer Key
3 1 A coop B cold stress 2 F 2 T 3 F
2 A heat stress B pen
3 A Waste management B slotted floor 3 1 progeny 3 rate of gain
2 breeding value 4 heritability
4 B 2 A 3 D 4 C
4 B 2 A 3 E 4 C 5 D
5 Suggested Answer
For animals to be productive they must be at the 5 Suggested Answer
correct temperature and kept clean. The cattle breeding service claims it can predict the
heritability of most traits.
6 1 They will have more animals
3 The barn has poor ventilation 6 C 2 D
7 1 ventilation 4 twenty more cows 7 1 milk production 4 Of course
2 too hot 5 good point 2 might interest 5 That depends
3 summer 6 space requirements 3 sire summary 6 far more
8 Suggested Answer 8 Suggested Answer
A: I think we need a new barn. A: Here are pictures of all our bulls. What traits do
B: What's wrong with this one? you want in the offspring?
A: First, the ventilation isn't very good. B: Well, I have a dairy herd. So, I'd like to increase
B: I agree with you there. It's too cold in here during milk production.
the winter. A: This Holstein might interest you. Many of his
A: And don't forget, we're getting 30 more llamas in progeny are prize milk cows.
June. B: Really! Can I see his sire summary?
B: That's a good point. We'll need more space then. A: Of course. I'll get you a copy.
A: I'll talk to a builder tomorrow. B: How much do you charge for breeding?
B: Let's estimate the space requirements first. A: That depends. I give a discount for more than 20
cows.
9 Suggested Answer B: That's great! I need to breed 40.
Dear Mr. Haynes,
We need a new barn. 9 Suggested Answer
Our current barn has poor ventilation. Customer name: Tom Smith
And we are getting 30 more llamas in June. Type of Farm: Dairy
The barn won't meet space requirements. Traits Desired: High level of milk production
We need the new barn to be a lot larger and with Paperwork requested: Sire summary
better ventilation. Number of cows: 40
It should be able to house 60 llamas. Discount: Y
How much will that cost?
Thanks,
Unit 13
Frank Carmichael
1 Suggested Answer
Unit 12 1 There are numerous slaughter methods. The most
common are:
1 Suggested Answer
Chemical: Animal is asphyxiated with carbon
1 Farmers want different traits in different animals. dioxide and then their neck is cut and they are
Cattle farmers want cows which produce a lot of allowed to bleed out.
milk and have high quality meat. Poultry farmers Mechanical (captive bolt): A captive bolt stunner
want chickens that produce high quality eggs and is used on the animal to knock it unconscious
mature quickly for processing. before its neck is cut.
2 Animals breed throughout the year. Animals, such Mechanical (gunshot): The animal is shot in the
as cows and sheep generally breed once a year head. This renders the animal unconscious or kills
whereas chickens may breed multiple times a year. it. It is then bled.
9
Answer Key