IUTAM Symposium on Mechanics of Granular and Porous Materials: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Cambridge, U.K., 15–17 July 1996

459 Pages·1997·31.899 MB·English

by  N. A. Fleck, B. Storåkers, R. M. McMeeking (auth.), N. A. Fleck, A. C. F. Cocks (eds.)

IUTAM SYMPOSIUM ON MECHANICS OF GRANULAR AND POROUS
MATERIALS
SOLID MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Volume 53
Series Editor: G.M.L. GLADWELL
Solid Mechanics Division, Faculty of Engineering
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
Aims and Scope of the Series
The fundamental questions arising in mechanics are: Why?, How?, and How much?
The aim of this series is to provide lucid accounts written by authoritative research
ers giving vision and insight in answering these questions on the subject of
mechanics as it relates to solids.
The scope of the series covers the entire spectrum of solid mechanics. Thus it
includes the foundation of mechanics; variational formulations; computational
mechanics; statics, kinematics and dynamics of rigid and elastic bodies; vibrations
of solids and structures; dynamical systems and chaos; the theories of elasticity,
plasticity and viscoelasticity; composite materials; rods, beams, shells and
membranes; structural control and stability; soils, rocks and geomechanics;
fracture; tribology; experimental mechanics; biomechanics and machine design.
The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student. Some texts are
monographs defining the current state of the field; others are accessible to final
year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity.
For a list of related mechanics titles, see final pages.
IUTAM Symposium on
Mechanics of Granular
and Porous Materials
Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium
held in Cambridge, U.K.,
15-17 July 1996
Edited by
N. A. FLECK
Department of Engineering,
University of Cambridge, U.K.
and
A. C. F. COCKS
Department of Engineering,
University of Leicester, U.K.
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A CLP. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 978-94-010-6324-1 ISBN 978-94-011-5520-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5520-5
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1997
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any mean,s electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Committees and Sponsors x
Dedication xi
Constitutive Models
The Viscoplastic Compaction of Powders 1
N. A. Fleck, B. Storakers and R. M. McMeeking
Inelastic Behaviour of Random Arrays of Identical Spheres 11
J. T. Jenkins
Fractal Fragmentation and Frictional Stability in Granular Materials 23
C. G. Sammis
Clastic Mechanics 35
M. D. Bolton and G. R. McDowell
Compressible Porous Media: Toward a General Theory 47
R. de Boer
Mechanical Behaviour of Mixtures of Kaolin and Coarse Sand 57
G. V. Kumar and D. Muir Wood
Constitutive Modelling of Response of Granular Interface Layers 69
Z. Mr6z
A Characteristic State Plasticity Model for Granular Materials 83
S. Krenk
On the Constitutive Potential for Powder and Porous Bodies 95
M. Shtern
Scaling Laws in the Consolidation of Powder Compacts 105
A. Casagranda and P. Sofronis
v
vi
Constitutive Equation for Compaction of Ceramic Powders 117
N. D. Cristescu, O. Cazacu and 1. Jin
A Constitutive Model for the Sintering of Fine Grained Alumina 129
M. Jan and A. C. F. Cocks
Importance of Incremental Nonlinearity in the Deformation of Granular
Materials 139
Y. Tobita
The Use of Legendre Transformations in Developing the Constitutive
Laws of Geomechanics from Thermodynamic Principles 151
l. F. Collins
Derivation of Incremental Stress-Strain Response for Plasticity Models
Based on Thermodynamic Functions 161
G. T. Houlsby
Contact Mechanics and Computational Methods
Local Contact Behaviour of Viscoplastic Particles 173
B. Storakers
Cement Among Grains in Rocks 185
1. Dvorkin
Three Dimensional Discrete Mechanics of Granular Materials 193
M. Satake
Numerical Analysis of Clay Particle Assemblies 203
A. Anandarajah
On Gradient-Enhanced Damage Theories 215
R. de Borst, A. Benallal and R. H. J. Peerlings
Granular Flow: Theory and Applications
Remarks on Coaxiality in Fully Developed Gravity Flows of Dry
Granular Materials 227
A. J. M. Spencer
vii
Modelling Mathematically the Flow of Granular Materials 239
D. Harris
The Double-Shearing Velocity Equations for Dilatant Shear-Index
Granular Materials 251
1. M. Hill
Distinct Element Simulations and Dynamic Microstructural Imaging of
Slow Shearing Granular Flows 263
U. Tuzun and D. M. Heyes
Granular Avalanches on Complex Topography 275
J. M. N. T. Gray
Tracking Particles in Tumbling Containers 287
G. Metcalfe
On the Reality of Antisymmetric Stresses in Fast Granular Flows 299
H. -B. Muhlhaus and P. Hornby
Internal Friction Angles: Characterization Using Biaxial Test
Simulations 313
D. Corriveau, S. B. Savage and L. Oger
A Mechanistic Model for Attrition of Particles in Flow Systems 325
D. C. Clupper, B. V. Sankar, Z. Chen, M. Gundepudi and
J. J. Mecholsky, Jr.
Instabilities
Simple Shear of Porous Materials at Large Strains 335
D. Durban and 0. Yagel
Formation of Shear Bands in Models of Granular Material 343
M. Shearer, F. X. Garaizar and M. K. Gordon
Microstructure Developed in Shear Bands of Dense Granular Soils
and its Computer Simulation -Mechanisms of Dilatancy and Failure 353
M. Oda, K. Iwashita and H. Kazama
viii
The Evolution of Anisotropy in Porous Materials and its Implications
for Shear Localization 365
M. Kailasam and P. Ponte Castaneda
Shear Band Localization in Fluid-Saturated Granular Elasto-Plastic
Porous Media 377
W. Ehlers
Applications
Consolidation of Metal Coated Fibres 389
H. N. G. Wadley and 1. M. Kunze
Analysis for Die Compaction of Metal Powders 403
K. T. Kim, H. T. Lee, 1. S. Kim and Y. S. Kwon
The Modelling of the Influence of Wall Friction on the Characteristics
of Pressed Ceramic Parts 415
S. A. Watson, M. 1. Adams, S. L. Rough, B. 1. Briscoe and
T. Papathanasiou
Drainage and Drying of Deformable Porous Materials: One-Dimensional
Case Study 427
P. Dangla and 0. Coussy
Mechanics of Sand Production for Acting Wells 439
S. B. Grafutko and V. N. Nikolaevskiy
Preface
This volume constitutes the Proceedings of the IUT AM Symposium on
Mechanics of Granular and Porous Materials, held in Cambridge from 15th
to 17th July 1996. The objectives were:
1. To review existing experimental results and practical phenomena on the
flow and compaction of particulate media;
2. To review the current state of constitutive models, and their
implementation for predicting the macroscopic response.
3. Identification of the shortcomings of existing models and procedures in
understanding practical phenomena.
The Symposium brought together the research communities of solid
mechanics, materials science, geomechanics, chemical engineering and
mathematics to review current knowledge of the flow and compaction of
granular and porous media. The meeting emphasised the development and
use of constitutive laws to model practical processes such as mixing,
drainage and drying, compaction of metal and ceramic powders and soils,
and instabilities associated with these processes. A common theme was to
develop constitutive models from an understanding of the underlying
physical mechanisms of deformation and fracture.
It was particularly rewarding to find that the separate research communities
came together during the meeting and came to a consensus as to the main
mechanisms of deformation and failure of particulate and porous solids.
The Symposium consisted of forty lectures, all of which were invited and
accorded equal weight in the programme. In addition, two poster sessions
allowed for a further twenty presentations. Only the content of the lectures
is reflected in this volume. All the papers contained herein have been
reviewed to the standard of leading scientific journals.
The smooth running of the Symposium owes much to the initiative and
organisational skills of Jo Ladbrooke and Roxana Saadatnejad.
Norman A. Fleck
Alan C. F. Cocks
Cambridge, England
December 1996
ix
x
International Scientific Committee
R. de Boer (Germany)
I. F. Collins (New Zealand)
O. Coussy (France)
N. A. Fleck (UK)
P. Germain (France)
R. M. McMeeking (USA)
A. Needleman (USA)
M. Satake (Japan)
S. B. Savage (Canada)
Local Organising Committee
M. F. Ashby
M. D. Bolton
J. Bridgwater
A. C. F. Cocks (Secretary)
N. A. Fleck (Chairman)
R. M. McMeeking
M. Thiercelin
J. R. Willis
Sponsors of the IUT AM Symposium on Mechanics of
Granular and Porous Materials
International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUT AM)
US Office of Naval Research
Kluwer Academic Publishers BV
Schlumberger Cambridge Research, Ltd.
The Royal Society, London
Cambridge Centre for Micromechanics