Italian Women at War The Fairleigh Dickinson University Press Series in Italian Studies GeneralEditor:Dr.AnthonyJulianTamburri,DeanoftheJohnD.Calandra ItalianAmericanInstitute TheFairleighDickinsonUniversityPressSeriesinItalianStudiesisdevotedtothepubli- cationofscholarlyworksonItalianliterature,film,history,biography,art,andculture,as wellasoninterculturalconnections,suchasItalian-AmericanStudies. RecentPublicationsinItalianStudies Amatangelo,Susan,ItalianWomenatWar:SistersinArmsfromtheUnificationtothe TwentiethCentury(2016) Bazzoni,Alberica,EmmaBond,andKatrinWehling-Giorgi(eds.)GoliardaSapienzain Context:IntertextualRelationshipswithItalianandEuropeanCulture(2016) Pagano,Tullio,TheMakingandUnmakingofaMediterraneanLandscape:TheCaseof Liguria(2015) Gabriele,Tommasina,DaciaMaraini’sNarrativesofSurvival:(Re)Constructed(2015) Tamburri,AnthonyJulian,Re-readingItalianAmericana:SpecificitiesandGeneralities onLiteratureandCriticism(2013) Parati,Graziella,NewPerspectivesinItalianCulturalStudies—Volume2:TheArtsand History(2012) Pezzotti,Barbara,TheImportanceofPlaceinContemporaryItalianCrimeFiction(2012) Aliano,David,Mussolini'sNationalProjectinArgentina(2012) Parati,Graziella,NewPerspectivesinItalianCulturalStudies—Volume1:Definition, Theory,andAccentedPractices(2012) Smith,ShirleyAnn,ImperialDesigns:ItaliansinChina,1900–1947(2012) Rosengarten,Frank,GiacomoLeopardi’sSearchforaCommonLifethroughPoetry:A DifferentNobility,aDifferentLove(2012) Baliani,Marco(au.),NicolettaMarini-Maio,EllenNerenberg,ThomasSimpson(trans. andeds.),BodyofState:ANationDivided(2012) Ducci,Lucia,GeorgeP.MarshCorrespondence:ImagesofItaly,1861–1881(2012) Godey,AmberR.,SisterSouls:ThePowerofPersonalNarrativeinthePoeticWorksof AntoniaPozziandVittorioSereni(2011) Verdicchio,Pasquale,Looters,Photographers,andThieves:AspectsofItalianPhoto- graphicCultureintheNineteenthandTwentiethCenturies(2011) Parati,GraziellaandAnthonyJulianTamburri(eds.),TheCulturesofItalianMigration (2011) OntheWebathttp://www.fdu.edu/fdupress Italian Women at War Sisters in Arms from the Unification to the Twentieth Century Edited by Susan Amatangelo FAIRLEIGHDICKINSONUNIVERSITYPRESS Madison•Teaneck PublishedbyFairleighDickinsonUniversityPress CopublishedbyTheRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup,Inc. 4501ForbesBoulevard,Suite200,Lanham,Maryland20706 www.rowman.com UnitA,WhitacreMews,26-34StannaryStreet,LondonSE114AB Copyright©2016bySusanAmatangelo Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyany electronicormechanicalmeans,includinginformationstorageandretrievalsystems, withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher,exceptbyareviewerwhomayquote passagesinareview. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationInformationAvailable LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Amatangelo,Susan,1967-editorofcompilation. Title:Italianwomenatwar:sistersinarmsfromtheUnificationtothetwentiethcentury/editiedby SusanAmatangelo. Description:Madison:FairleighDickinsonUniversityPress,2016.|Series:TheFairleighDickinson UniversitypressseriesinItalianstudies|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2016022572(print)|LCCN2016027049(ebook)|ISBN9781611479539(cloth: alkalinepaper)|ISBN9781611479546(electronic) Subjects:LCSH:Womenandwar—Italy—History.|Womeninwar—Italy—History.|Women soldiers—Italy—History.|Womenpoliticalactivists—Italy—History.|Protestmovements— Italy—History.|Mafia—Italy—History.|Italy—History,Military.|Italy—Socialconditions.| Italy—History—19thcentury.|Italy—History—20thcentury. Classification:LCCHQ1638.I842016(print)|LCCHQ1638(ebook)|DDC320.082/0945—dc23 LCrecordavailableathttp://lccn.loc.gov/2016022572 TMThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican NationalStandardforInformationSciencesPermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibrary Materials,ANSI/NISOZ39.48-1992. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Thisvolumeisdedicatedtoallofoursisters. Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction:Italy’sSistersinArms 1 SusanAmatangelo I:TheUnificationofItaly 1 OneinaMille:CountessMartinidellaTorre 13 BenedettaGennaro 2 PeppalaCannoniera:CitizenshipinAction 35 GiovannaSummerfield 3 “Sonobriganta,io,nondonnadibrigante”:TheFemale Brigand’sSearchforIdentity 51 SusanAmatangelo II:TheTwoWorldWars 4 WomenatWar:EvaKühnAmendola(Magamal): Interventionist,Futurist,Fascist 75 LuciaRe 5 “WeWillBuildaBetterWorldTogether”:FemalePartisans’ MemoriesofTheirResistancetoFascism(1943–1945) 113 FionaM.Stewart 6 WhereWomenMeetResistance:Fenoglio’sWarNarratives 133 DariaValentini vii viii Contents III:StateTerrorismandtheMafia 7 ASisterwithoutArms:TheMythofAntigoneinLiliana Cavani’sTheCannibals 151 StefaniaBenini 8 FightingCosaNostrawiththeCamera’sEye:LetiziaBattaglia’s EvolvingIconsof“TraumaticRealism” 167 NormaBouchard Index 183 AbouttheEditorandContributors 195