Description:David Nicolle has produced an excellent book in which he places the evolution of Italian arms within its proper social and political context. He places much emphasis on the technological development of the crossbow and the effects this had not only on other military accoutrements, such as armour, but also on the resultant changes in military affairs and organisation. The examination of this important weapon is a key part of an extensive investigation into the units that used them - the Italian city militias. All aspects of these units are explored, from their organisation and arming to their eventual supersedence by professional soldiers.