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Issues in the Psychology of Women PDF

303 Pages·2002·1.839 MB·English
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Issues in the Psychology of Women Issues in the Psychology of Women Edited by Maryka Biaggio and Michel Hersen Pacific University Forest Grove, Oregon Kluwer Academic Publishers New York • Boston • Dordrecht • London • Moscow (cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:44)(cid:54)(cid:37)(cid:49)(cid:29) 0-306-47185-X (cid:51)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:54)(cid:37)(cid:49)(cid:29) 0-306-46321-0 (cid:139)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:21)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:88)(cid:69)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:86) (cid:49)(cid:72)(cid:90)(cid:3)(cid:60)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:78)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:39)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:71)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:47)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:48)(cid:82)(cid:86)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:90) (cid:36)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:74)(cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:71) (cid:49)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:68)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:83)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:71)(cid:88)(cid:70)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:85)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:80)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:87)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:15) (cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:71)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:90)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:88)(cid:69)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85) (cid:38)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:56)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:87)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:68) (cid:57)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:50)(cid:81)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:3) (cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:83)(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:18)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:17)(cid:78)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:17)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:80) (cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:10)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:29) (cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:83)(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:18)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:17)(cid:72)(cid:69)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:86)(cid:17)(cid:78)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:72)(cid:17)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:80) To my parents, who taught me the value of determination and integrity. —M.B. To Vicki. —M.H. Contributors Kristine M. Baber, Department of Family Studies, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824 Mary Ballou, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02478 Tammy A. R. Bartoszek, Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, In- diana, Pennsylvania 15705 Maryka Biaggio, School of Professional Psychology, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Ore- gon 97116 Joan C. Chrisler, Department of Psychology, Connecticut College, New London, Connecti- cut 06320 Shiata Forcet, Cora Neumann Job Training Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19124 Linda B. Gallahan, College of Arts and Sciences, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon 97116 Angela R. Gillem, Beaver College, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038-3295 Rhonda Felece Jeter, Department of Education, Bowie State University, Bowie, Maryland 20715 Ingrid Johnston-Robledo, Department of Psychology, Connecticut College, New London, Connecticut 06320 Maureen C. McHugh, Department of Psychology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indi- ana, Pennsylvania 15705 Susan L. Morrow, Faculty of Educational Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 841 12-9255 Linda Krug Porzelius, School of Professional Psychology, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon 97116 vii viii CONTRIBUTORS Laurie A. Roades, Department of Behavioral Sciences, California State Polytechnic Univer- sity, Pomona, California 9 1768 Patricia D. Rozee, Women’s Studies Program, California State University, Long Beach, Cali- fornia 90840 Radhika Sehgal, Beaver College, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038-3295 Carolyn West, Western New England College, Springfield, Massachusetts, 01119 Janice D. Yoder, Department of Psychology, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-4301 Preface Over the past 15 years, I (MB) have taught a graduate-level course in Psychology of Women to students in two different professional psychology programs. Because my students were at the doctoral level and often had some familiarity with the psychology of women, these courses focused on bringing a feminist analysis of psychology and integrating a feminist analysis into one’s scholarly work and professional activities. Although I used several fine psychology of women textbooks during this time, I found none that was specifically designed for graduate students. Thus, I always augmented the textbook with journal articles on specific aspects of the topic, and these focused articles have typically been well received by the students. The stu- dents whom I have encountered in these courses have often expressed a wish for a textbook that is designed for their needs; I think what they are asking for is one that could serve as a foundation for their scholarly analysis of psychology as well as a springboard for thoughtful application of a feminist perspective to the profession of psychology. Therefore, Issues in the Psychology of Women has been designed to serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses including Psychology of Women or Feminist Analysis of Psychology. This book is the collective work of authors with special expertise in their chapter topic. The authors were directed to write on focused aspects of their topic, ground the material in current research and theory, and bring a social constructionist perspective to bear. The text is divided into four parts: (1) Historical and Scientific Foundations; (2) Social Issues and Prob- lems; (3) Relationships and Sexuality; and (4) Psychological and Health Issues. Diversity and developmental issues are integrated into each chapter. Thus, the organization and coverage are somewhat different from that found in a text designed to survey the psychology of women. But the format should lend itself to a progression of topics, starting with foundations and theo- retical/conceptual frameworks, moving to more specific and practical issues, and concluding with a chapter on feminist therapy. We believe that the focus on specific topics or issues in psychology of women will facili- tate in-depth exploration of such issues by our students. It may be especially fitting for gradu- ate courses in clinical and counseling psychology. Chapters on historical and scientific foun- dations are intended to allow for a scholarly focus on research in psychology. Also, the issues approach is designed to lend itself to an examination of specific concerns of women, including clinical the implications of these concerns. We have found, and believe students would agree as well, that the academic experience for a course such as Psychology of Women or Feminist Analysis of Psychology is unlike that of most other courses. That is, the learning experience encompasses far more than a body of knowledge, the discussion quickly moves beyond a mere exchange of abstract ideas, and the exploration of one’s perspective and attitudes often touches unexamined parts of the develop- ix x PREFACE ing student. It is our hope that this textbook will serve to facilitate the special learning experi- ence that can occur when an instructor and students come together to examine the discipline and perspective that is feminist psychology. Many individuals have contributed to the fruition of the textbook. First we thank our emi- nent authors for taking time out to write the chapters. Second, we are most appreciative of the technical help of Carole Londoreé, Erika Qualls, Eleanor Gil, and Megan Schmidt. Third, we are grateful to Eliot Werner, our editor, for understanding the need for this text. Maryka Biaggio Michel Hersen Contents I. HISTORICAL AND SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS 1. History of the Contemporary Women’s Movement............................ 3 Maryka Biaggio 2. Feminist Reconstructions of Psychology.................................... 15 Susan L. Morrow 3.Research and Conceptual Approaches to the Understanding of Gender ......... 33 Linda B. Gallahan II. SOCIAL ISSUES AND PROBLEMS 4. Understanding Prejudice and Discrimination ............................... 55 Angela R. Gillem, Radhika Sehgal, and Shiata Forcet 5. Women and Work ...................................................... 71 Janice D. Yoder 6. Sexual Victimization: Harassment and Rape................................ 93 Patricia D. Rozee 7. Intimate Violence...................................................... 115 Maureen C.McHugh andTammy A.R.Bartoszek III. RELATIONSHIPS AND SEXUALITY 8. Women’s Sexualities ................................................... 145 Kristine M. Baber xi xii CONTENTS 9. Intimate Relationships................................................ 173 Rhonda Felece Jeter 10. Motherhood and Reproductive Issues ................................... 199 Joan C. Chrisler and Ingrid Johnston-Robledo IV. PSYCHOLOGICAL AND HEALTH ISSUES 11. Physical Health Issues for Women ...................................... 229 Linda Krug Porzelius 12. Mental Health Issues for Women ....................................... 251 Laurie A. Roades 13. Feminist Therapy Approaches.......................................... 273 Mary Ballou and Carolyn West Index.................................................................. 299

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