ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N4733 L2/16-179

21 Pages·2016·1.49 MB·English

by  Michael Everson

N4733
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2
L2/16-179
2012-07-22
Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set
International Organization for Standardization
Organisation Internationale de Normalisation
Международная организация по стандартизации
Doc Type: Working Group Document
Title: Revised proposal to encode the Cypro-Minoan script in the SMP of the UCS
Source: UC Berkeley Script Encoding Initiative (Universal Scripts Project)
Author: Michael Everson
Status: Liaison Contribution
Action: For consideration by JTC1/SC2/WG2 and UTC
Date: 2016-07-22
Replaces: N4715 (L2/16-089)
1. Introduction. The Cypro-Minoan syllabary is an undeciphered syllabic script which was used on the
island of Cyprus during the Late Bronze Age (ca. 1550–1050 BCE). Arthur Evans coined the term
“Cypro-Minoan” in 1909 based on its visual similarity to Linear A on Minoan Crete, from which Cypro-
Minoan is thought to be derived. The corpus of Cypro-Minoan comprises approximately 250 objects—
such as clay balls, cylinders, and tablets and votive stands. Discoveries have been made at various sites
around Cyprus, such as Enkomi, Kition, Kalavasso, and Palaepaphos. Discoveries have also been made
in the ancient city of Ugarit on the Syrian coast and in Tiryns in Greece. In the Early Iron Age, Cypriots
developed the Cypriot Syllabary from Cypro-Minoan. The Cypriot Syllabary was used to write Greek
and Eteocypriot, and has been encoded already in the UCS.
2. Decipherment. The present state of Cypro-Minoan epigraphy is rather unpredictable. New analyses of
the inscriptions may provide important changes in terms of the decipherment. The sign list, the basic
repertoire of signs which are being worked on, however, is stable, and forms the basis of this proposal.
Investigation continues into identifying which signs are variants of others. As consensus is reached
among experts, annotations can be added, or a Unicode Technical Note can be created. The principle of
taking a catalogue-based repertoire for encoding undeciphered and partially-deciphered scripts has long
been established for the UCS (for example, Linear A, Phaistos Disc, Anatolian Hieroglyphs). The experts
consulted have been informed about the nature of the UCS (permanent encoding, unchangeable names,
informative notes) and are agreed that so long as the interpretation, the meaning of the signs is
unaffected, a catalogue-based repertoire is safest, allowing for the digitization of the corpus of
decipherment work, as well as enabling a normalization based on an eventual final decipherment.
3. Structure. The Cypro-Minoan script is undeciphered. Some, but not so many, characters are similar to
characters in Linear A and B, but no reliable transliterations are sufficient to be definitive. The script
appears generally to have left-to-right directionality (for a number of boustrophedon or right-to-left
inscriptions, see e.g. Ferrara, vol. I, p. 209 sq.). Numbers are known, and are the same as in other Aegean
scripts. Some basic punctuation has been identified. Students of Cypro-Minoan maintain with almost
absolute certainty that the core of the script (i.e. discounting numbers and punctuation signs) is
phonographic, with signs that represent sound. Each sign occurs in isolation as well as in sign-sequences.
Moreover, judging by the number of signs, it is possible to say even prior to decipherment that the
phonograms are almost certainly syllabograms representing open syllables, as is the case with the other
syllabaries of the Aegean-Cypriot group.
1
4. Repertoire. Through the course of the history of the decipherment of the Cypro-Minoan script, a
standardized catalogue of letters was drawn up by Émilia Masson. The “Masson set” of numbers 1–114
from Masson 1974 form the basis for the repertoire, supplemented by a number of additions from Olivier
2007. (See Figures 2a, 2b, and 2c for Masson’s charts, and Figures 3a, 3b, and 3c for Olivier’s.)
Masson’s original classification was divided into four groups, archaic CM, CM1, CM2, and CM3, based
on what she considered to be developmental stages of the writing system. Consensus these days seems to
be more agnostic and unifications across the columns tend to be proposed in moves toward decipherment.
Such discussion is part and parcel of the discussion surrounding an eventual decipherment. In any case,
in the figures below, Masson’s classifications will be seen. The 15 signs of Masson’s CM “archaic signs”
repertoire chart (Figure 2d below) are not per se a part of this proposal. No scholar has requested it be
included, because the analysis is not considered sound, and the Roman numerals I to XV she used are not
a part of the general catalogue.
As mentioned above, the encoding proposed here is based on Masson’s standardized catalogue, despite
the fact that several of the characters are now generally considered to be variants of each other. In Olivier
2007 the basic repertoire has been tentatively reduced from 114 to 96 characters in terms of the
decipherment; in Ferrara 2012 a further reduction down to 74 characters has been proposed. Cross
references for what might be considered to be “safe” variant identifications are given as informative
comments in the names list. While Masson’s original unification of CM1, CM2, and CM3 form the basis
of the characters CM001 through CM114. To this Olivier added CM012B; the other characters he
identified which have been included in this proposal include logograms, punctuation, and the repertoire
of the Enkomi tablet “ENKO Atab 001”. Other characters included by Olivier can be unified with
existing numbers and punctuation from the Aegean Numbers block. It should be noted that while
Olivier’s work (and re-working of Masson) is used more as a departing point for modern research, he
nevertheless maintained the same catalogue numbers even where he suggested that some characters could
be unified with others.
The encoding of the unified Masson characters will enable the representation of the history of Cypro-
Minoan studies, where the catalogue entities have been distinguished in discussions of the decipherment.
Scholars wishing to publish normalized texts will certainly wish to avoid the use of the “redundant”
characters, or might choose to use them as indicative of the temporal or geographical provenance of a
text. But documents relating to the decipherment itself distinguish them regularly, and that distinction
must be maintained in plain text, particularly as it is not necessarily possible to rule out a distinction
given the lack of a complete decipherment.
5. Character names. The character names for Cypro-Minoan are based on Masson’s catalogue, with
numbers padded with one to two zeros where appropriate.
5.1 Recommendations for expansion. For future expansion based on newly-discovered characters,
Cypro-Minoanists have two options: If the character is clearly based on an existing character, its
catalogue number could be based on that with B, C, and so on appended. Other new signs could be added
in the 200, 300, or 400 series; some have been added to these categories in this proposal. It can be
recommended that in scholarly publications the CM- numbers be used for encoded characters, and *- or
*CM- numbers be used in publications for new discoveries which have not been standardized in the UCS
(to avoid confusion with encoded characters).
5.2 Cross-references in the names list. The cross references indicate the relationship of variant
𒴂
characters to the main character, such as U+12572 CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM003 which has been
𒴁
identified as a variant of U+12571 CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM002. This kind of annotation provides vital
2
information to the user of the names list, namely, guidance as to the proper character to be used for a
normalized text, since the variant forms have been deemed obsolete. This is essential information which
should be retained in the names list.
𒴂 𒴁
Again, the catalogue must be complete. Even if today we believe that CM002 and CM003 can be
unified, leaving a blank in the code chart for CM003 would serve no purpose, and the numbers would
never be re-used for new characters, since there is an entity already known as CM003. The Cypro-
Minoan corpus includes both the archaelogical texts and the body of literature written about them.
Moreover, unifications removing things from the catalogue are not safe.
𒵳
6. Logograms. Olivier gives explicit catalogue numbers to two “logograms”, U+125E3 CYPRO-
𒵴
MINOAN SIGN CM201 and U+125E4 CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM202, which have been included in this
repertoire. Some scholars consider these possible abbreviations. The characters are rare, but are retained
in this proposal because they are part of Olivier’s revision of Masson.
7. Numbers. Cypro-Minoan texts give a number 1, 10, and 100, which are identical to numbers common
to the Aegean area. Olivier gives three “arithmograms”, which are here recommended to be unified with
𐄇 𐄇 𐄐 𐄐 𐄙
U+10107 AEGEAN NUMBER ONE ( ), U+10110 AEGEAN NUMBER TEN ( ), and U+10119 AEGEAN
𐄙
NUMBERONEHUNDRED ( ).
8. Punctuation. Olivier gives three “stiktograms”, two of which are recommended to be unified with
𐄀 𐄀 𐄁 𐄁
U+10100 AEGEAN WORD SEPARATOR LINE ( ) and U+10101 AEGEAN WORD SEPARATOR DOT ( ). The third
𒵵
of these is proposed here as U+125E5 CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM301, which is attested 21 times on the
clay cylinder from Enkomi. And one additional character has been added, deriving from a clay tablet
𒵶
from Ugarit, where it is used 20 times, U+125E6 CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM302. Both are also attested
𐄀
elsewhere. Miguel Valério has suggested that is used as a divider (but see Figure 13 where it is final),
𐄁
that acts as a kind of colon or full stop after groups of ten lines of text.
9. The Enkomi tablet “ENKO Atab 001”. In reviewing the publication of N4715, feedback from a
number of scholars, including Maurizio Del Freo and Massimo Perna, made it clear that an encoding of
Cypro-Minoan should include the 21 CM0 signs from the oldest Enkomi tablet. Del Freo said:
A number of them can be rather easily identified with CM1/2/3 signs; for other signs, though,
identifications are arbitrary; finally, a certain number are certainly without parallels. Given the
special status of the Enkomi tablet, we suggest to keep these signs separated from the others with
cross-references to the relevant CM1/2/3 characters, when it is possible.
Accordingly and on the basis of Olivier’s chart (Figure 3d), which improves definitively on Masson’s
𒵵
orignal CM0 chart (Figure 2d), these 21 characters are also proposed here as U+125E7 CYPRO-MINOAN
𒵵
SIGNCM401through U+125FB CYPRO-MINOANSIGNCM421. See Figure 1 for an image of this text.
10. Glyphs. The fonts used in this proposal were digitized by Michael Everson, based on glyphs in
Masson 1974 with some additional material from Olivier 2007. Typographically rectified glyphs for
Cypro-Minoan have not yet been developed. The kind of ductus information seen in Figure 12 could be
useful in such work.
11. Unicode Character Properties 12575;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM006;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12576;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM007;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12577;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM008;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12570;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM001;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12578;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM009;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12571;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM002;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12579;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM010;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12572;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM003;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1257A;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM011;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12573;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM004;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1257B;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM012;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12574;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM005;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1257C;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM012B;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
3
1257D;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM013;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM080;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1257E;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM014;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM081;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1257F;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM015;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C2;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM082;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12580;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM016;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C3;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM083;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12581;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM017;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C4;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM084;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12582;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM018;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C5;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM085;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12583;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM019;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C6;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM086;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12584;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM020;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C7;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM087;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12585;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM021;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C8;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM088;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12586;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM022;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125C9;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM089;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12587;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM023;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125CA;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM090;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12588;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM024;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125CB;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM091;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12589;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM025;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125CC;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM092;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1258A;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM026;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125CD;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM093;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1258B;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM027;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125CE;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM094;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1258C;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM028;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125CF;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM095;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1258D;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM029;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM096;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1258E;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM030;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM097;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1258F;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM031;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D2;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM098;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12590;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM032;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D3;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM099;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12591;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM033;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D4;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM100;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12592;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM034;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D5;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM101;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12593;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM035;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D6;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM102;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12594;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM036;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D7;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM103;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12595;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM037;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D8;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM104;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12596;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM038;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125D9;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM105;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12597;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM039;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125DA;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM106;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12598;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM040;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125DB;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM107;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12599;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM041;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125DC;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM108;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1259A;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM042;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125DD;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM109;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1259B;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM043;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125DE;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM110;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1259C;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM044;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125DF;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM111;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1259D;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM045;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125E0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM112;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1259E;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM046;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125E1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM113;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
1259F;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM047;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125E2;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM114;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM048;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125F0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM208;Po;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM049;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125F1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM209;Po;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A2;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM050;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125E3;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM201;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A3;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM051;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A4;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM052;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125E4;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM202;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A5;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM053;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125E5;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM301;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A6;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM054;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125E6;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM302;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A7;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM055;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125E7;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM401;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A8;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM056;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125E8;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM402;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125A9;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM057;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125E9;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM403;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125AA;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM058;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125EA;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM404;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125AB;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM059;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125EB;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM405;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125AC;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM060;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125AD;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM061;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125EC;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM406;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125AE;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM062;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125ED;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM407;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125AF;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM063;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125EE;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM408;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM064;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125EF;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM409;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM065;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F0;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM410;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B2;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM066;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F1;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM411;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B3;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM067;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125F2;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM412;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B4;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM068;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125F3;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM413;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B5;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM069;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B6;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM070;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F4;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM414;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B7;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM071;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F5;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM415;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B8;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM072;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F6;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM416;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125B9;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM073;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F7;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM417;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125BA;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM074;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F8;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM418;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125BB;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM075;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;; 125F9;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM419;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125BC;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM076;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125FA;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM420;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125BD;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM077;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125FB;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM421;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125BE;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM2D0;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
125BF;CYPRO-MINOAN SIGN CM2D1;Lo;0;L;;;;;N;;;;;
12. Bibliography
Davis, Brent, Joseph Maran, Soňa Wirghová. 2014. “A new Cypro-Minoan inscription from Tiryns:
TIRY Avas 002” in Kadmos 53(1-2): 91–109.
Del Freo, Maurizo. 2010. “Bibliograpfia” in Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici.52:305-313.
Duhoux, Yves. 2009. “The Cypro-Minoan Tablet No. 1885 (Enkomi): an Analysis”, in Kadmos 48, pp.
5–38
Egetmeyer, Markus. 2014. “Sur l’état de la recherche en écriture chypro-minoenne”, Res Antiquae 11, p.
231-248.
Egetmeyer, Markus. 2016. “A bronze bowl from Palaepaphos-Skales with a new Cypro-Minoan
inscription from the Cypro-Geometric I period", in: Vassos Karageorghis and Efstathios Raptou,
Palaepaphos-Skales. Tombs of the Late Cypriot IIIB and Cypro-Geometric periods (excavations of
2008 and 2011). Nikosia: The Cyprus Institute, 2016, Appendix V, 131-136 and plate LXX.
Ferrara, Silvia. 2012. Cypro-Minoan Inscriptions. Vol. 1, Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4
Hirschfeld, Nicolle. 2010. “Cypro-Minoan”, in The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean (ca.
300–100 BC). Ed. Eric H. Cline. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Masson, Émilia. 1974. Cyprominoica. Répertoires, documents de Ras Shamra, essais d’interprétation.
Göteborg: Paul Åströms Förlag.
Olivier, J.-P. 2007. Édition holistique des textes chypro-minoens. Pisa-Rome. Known as “HoChyMin”.
Steele, Philippa M. 2013. “The Cypro-Minoan Corpus”, in Linguistic History of Ancient Cyprus.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Valério, Miguel. 2014. “Seven uncollected Cypro-Minoan inscriptions” in Kadmos 53: 111–127.
13. Acknowledgements
This project was made possible in part by a grant from the U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities,
which funded the Universal Scripts Project (part of the Script Encoding Initiative at UC Berkeley). Any
views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect
those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.
Figures
Figure 1.The Enkomi tablet referred to in §9 above, “##001. ENKO Atab 001”, from Olivier 2007.
5
Figure 2a.Sign list from Masson 1974
Figure 2b.Sign list from Masson 1974
6
Figure 2c.Sign list from Masson 1974
Figure 2d.Chart of “archaic signs” I-XV from Masson 1974
7
Syllabograms 026 063 096

001 027 064 097

002 028 067 099
004 030 068 101

005 033 069 102

006 034 070 103

007 035 072 104

008 036 073 107

009 037 075 108

011 038 081 109

012 039 082 110

012b 041 083 112

013 044 084 114

015 046 085 Logograms
017 050 086 201
019 053 087 202

021 055 088 Aritmograms

023 056 091 1
024 059 092 10
025 061 095 100 ?
Stiktograms
|

•

&

Figure 3a.Sign list for CM1 from Olivier 2007. The arithmograms 1, 10, and 100 are unified with
common Aegean numbers. The stiktograms | and • are unified with common Aegean punctuation.
The & is CM301 proposed in this document.
Figure 3b.Sign list for CM2 from Olivier 2007.
8
Figure 3c.Sign list for CM3 from Olivier 2007.
Figure 3d.Sign list of the Enkomi tablet “ENKO Atab 001” from Olivier 2007.
9
COMMON TO ALL SIGNARIES
CM 1 CM 2 CM 3 CM 1 CM 2 CM 3
e e e ä ä ä
001 038
h h h ê ê ê
004 044
i i i ú ú ú
005 056
j j j © © ©
006 069
l l l ™ ™ ™
008 070
m m m Ø Ø Ø
009 075
o o o (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2)
011 082
q q q ª ª ª
013 087
y y y ø ø ø
021 091
{ { { ¿ ¿ ¿
023 092
} } } (cid:3) (cid:3) (cid:3)
025 095
ÿ ÿ ÿ ƒ ƒ ƒ
027 096
Ä Ä Ä (cid:4) (cid:4) (cid:4)
028 097
á á á Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ
035 102
à à à Ã Ã Ã
036 104
â â â “ “ “
037 110
Figure 4.Common sign list from Olivier 2007.
CM 1 CM 2 «CM 3» CM 1 CM 2 «CM 3» CM 1CM 2«CM 3»
001 e e e 040 ••• ••• å 079 ••• (cid:5) •••
002 f ••• f 041 ç ••• ••• 080 ••• ¥ •••
004 h h h 044 ê ê ê 081 μ μ •••
005 i i i 046 í ••• ••• 082 (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2)
006 j j j 047 ••• ì ••• 083 (cid:5) ••• •••
007 k ••• k 049 ••• ï ••• 084 (cid:6) ••• •••
008 l l l 050 ñ ••• ñ 085 (cid:7) ••• •••
009 m m m 051 ••• ó ó 086 (cid:8) ••• •••
010 ••• n ••• 052 ••• ò ••• 087 ª ª ª
011 o o o 053 ô ••• ô 088 º ••• •••
012 p p ••• 054 ••• ö ••• 089 ••• (cid:6) •••
012b ••• ••• 055 õ ••• õ 090 ••• æ •••
013 q q q 056 ú ú ú 091 ø ø ø
015 s ••• ••• 058 ••• ••• û 092 ¿ ¿ ¿
017 u u ••• 059 ü ü ••• 094 ••• ••• ¬
019 w ••• w 060 ••• † ••• 095 (cid:2) (cid:3) (cid:3)
021 y y y 061 ° ° ••• 096 ƒ ƒ ƒ
023 { { { 063 £ ••• ••• 097 (cid:3) (cid:3) (cid:4)
024 | | ••• 062 ••• ¢ ••• 098 ••• ••• (cid:5)
025 } } } 064 § § ••• 099 « ••• «
026 ~ ••• ••• 066 ••• ¶ ••• 100 ••• ••• »
027 ÿ ÿ ÿ 067 ß ••• ••• 101 … ••• •••
028 Ä Ä Ä 068 ® ® ••• 102 Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ
029 ••• Å ••• 069 © © © 103 À ••• À
030 Ç Ç ••• 070 ™ ™ ™ 104 Ã Ã Ã
033 Ö Ö ••• 071 ••• ••• ´ 105 ••• ••• Õ
034 Ü ••• ••• 072 ¨ ¨ ••• 107 œ œ •••
035 á á á 073 (cid:9) ••• (cid:6) 108 – ••• •••
036 à à à 074 ••• Æ Æ 109 — ••• •••
037 â â â 075 Ø Ø Ø 110 “ “ “
038 ä ä ä 076 ••• (cid:7) ••• 112 ‘ ••• •••
039 ã ••• ••• 078 ••• (cid:8) ••• 114 ÷ ••• •••
Figure 5.Comparison sign list from Olivier 2007.
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