00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page i ISLAMIC IMPERIALISM 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page iii ISLAMIC IMPERIALISM A HISTORY EFRAIM KARSH YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW HAVEN AND LONDON Copyright © 2007 Efraim Karsh This revised edition first published in paperback in 2013 All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. For information about this and other Yale University Press publications, please contact: U.S. Office: [email protected] yalebooks.com Europe Office: [email protected] www.yalebooks.co.uk Set in Minion by J&L Composition, Filey, North Yorkshire and IDSUK (Data Connection) Ltd Printed in Great Britain by Hobbs the Printers Ltd, Totton, Hampshire Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Karsh, Efraim. Islamic imperialism : a history / Efraim Karsh.—2nd ed. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–0–300–19817–1 (alk. paper) 1. Islam—History. 2. Islamic Empire—History. 3 Imperialism—History. 4. Jihad. I. Title. BP52.K37 2013 325'.32091767—dc23 2013014354 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 4134_00_FM.indd 2 04/06/13 10:52 AM 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page v For Matan,Roy,and Rachel 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page vi 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page vii Contents List ofMaps ix Introduction 1 1 The Warrior Prophet 10 2 The Rise and Fall ofIslam’s First Empire 23 3 The Best ofTimes,the Worst ofTimes 43 4 The House ofIslam and the House ofWar 66 5 The Last Great Islamic Empire 88 6 The Price ofEmpire 109 7 Mishandling the Great Game 119 8 The Rise ofthe Arab Imperial Dream 132 9 An Arab Caesar 149 10 A Reckoning ofSorts 170 11 The Tail That Wags the Dog 191 12 Renewing the Quest for Allah’s Empire 212 13 Bin Laden’s Holy War 225 Epilogue 234 PNoosttesscript: Back to the Future 224422 NInodteexs 225713 Index 283 4134_00_FM.indd 7 5/11/13 3:45 PM 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page viii 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page ix Maps page 1 The Middle East on the Eve ofIslam 3 2 Islam’s First Empire 34 3 The Abbasid Empire at its Height 56 4 The Crusading Kingdoms 75 5 The Ottoman Empire in the Late Eighteenth Century 98 6 SharifHussein’s Imperial Dream 136 7 The Sykes–Picot Agreement 194 8 The Contemporary Middle East 209 Figures 1 The Family ofthe Prophet 10 2 The Rightly Guided Caliphs 29 3 The Umayyad Dynasty 39 Tables 1 The Abbasid Dynasty 58 2 The Ottoman Dynasty 105 00 Prelims (English) 1542 1/2/07 15:22 Page x