Islam without Europe Islamic Civilization and Muslim Networks Carl W. Ernst and Bruce B. Lawrence, editors Highlighting themes with historical as well as contemporary significance, Islamic Civilization and Muslim Networks features works that explore Islamic societies and Muslim peoples from a fresh perspective, drawing on new interpretive frameworks or theoretical strategies in a variety of disciplines. Special emphasis is given to systems of exchange that have promoted the creation and development of Islamic identities—cultural, religious, or geopolitical. The series spans all periods and regions of Islamic civilization. A complete list of titles published in this series appears at the end of the book. Islam without Europe Traditions of Reform in Eighteenth-Century Islamic Thought AHMAD S. DALLAL The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill This book was published with the assistance of the Anniversary Fund of the University of North Carolina Press. © 2018 The University of North Carolina Press All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Set in Adobe Text Pro by Tseng Information Systems, Inc. The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003. Cover illustrations from Persian Designs (Amsterdam: The Pepin Press / Agile Rabbit editions, 2007), www.pepinpress.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Dallal, Ahmad S., author. Title: Islam without Europe : traditions of reform in eighteenth-century Islamic thought / Ahmad S. Dallal. Description: Chapel Hill : The University of North Carolina Press, [2018] | Series: Islamic civilization and Muslim networks | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017054850| ISBN 9781469640341 (cloth : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781469641409 (pbk : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781469640358 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Islam—18th century. | Islamic countries—Intellectual life. Classification: LCC BP55 .D35 2018 | DDC 297.09/033—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017054850 To my gracious and charming daughters, Shezza and Kinda, and their inspired and kindhearted brother, Millal ﺎﺒﻴﺴﺣ ﻚﻴﻠﻋ مﻮﻴﻟا ﻚﺴﻔﻨﺑ ﻰﻔﻛ ﻚﺑﺎﺘﻛ أﺮﻗا (14 ،ءاﺮﺳﻹا) Read your own book. Suffice it today that you be accountable to yourself. —Qurʾān 17:14 Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Reimagining the Eighteenth Century Chapter 1. The Boundaries of Faith Chapter 2. Ijtihād and the Regional Origins of a Universal Vision Chapter 3. Sufism, Old and New The Multiple Faces of the Spirit Chapter 4. Genealogies of Dissent and the Politics of Knowledge Chapter 5. Humanizing the Sacred Conclusion The Limits of the Sacred Notes Index
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