Islam, Law, and Equality in Indonesia: An Anthropology of Public Reasoning PDF
Preview Islam, Law, and Equality in Indonesia: An Anthropology of Public Reasoning
This page intentionally left blank Islam,Law,andEqualityinIndonesia InIndonesia,theworld’slargestMuslim-majoritycountry,Muslimsstruggle toreconcileradicallydifferentsetsofsocialnormsandlaws,includingthose derivedfromIslam,localsocialnorms,andcontemporaryideasaboutgender equalityandruleoflaw.Inthisnewstudy,JohnBowenexploresthisstruggle, through archival and ethnographic research in villages and courtrooms of Aceh province, Sumatra, and through interviews with national religious andlegalfigures.Heanalyzesthesocialframeworksfordisputesaboutland, inheritance, marriage, divorce, Islamic history, and, more broadly, about the relationships between the state and Islam, and between Muslims and non-Muslims.Thebookspeakstodebatescarriedoutinallsocietiesabout howpeoplecanlivetogetherwiththeirdeepdifferencesinvaluesandwaysof life.Itwillbewelcomedbyscholarsandstudentsacrossthesocialsciences, particularlythoseinterestedinanthropology,culturalsociology,andpolitical theory. john r. bowen is Dunbar-Van Cleve Professor in Arts and Sciences, ProfessorofAnthropology,andChairofthePrograminSocialThoughtand AnalysisatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis.HeistheauthorofSumatran Politics and Poetics (1991), Muslims through Discourse (1993), Religions throughPractice(2ndedition2001),andtheco-editorofCriticalCompar- isonsinPoliticsandCulture(CambridgeUniversityPress,1999). ii “Westerners seldom appreciate the array of competing religious and social normsamongwhichMuslimsmustnavigate.Bowenskillfullydemonstrates thatfortheseIndonesiansthequestformeaningamongalternativelegaland practicalvaluesisattheveryheartofthetensionbetweenlocalpracticeand universalfaith.Hiscogentexamplesandsuperbeyefortheirsurroundbring homewithgreatpoignancyandinsight,bothforIndonesiaandthebroader Muslimworld,the‘principledreflections’thatinformthelivesofMuslims inthepresentday.” Lawrence Rosen, William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Anthropology, PrincetonUniversityandAdjunctProfessorofLaw,ColumbiaLawSchool “Islam,LawandEqualityinIndonesiaisanengaging,richwork,aworkof manyparts,manylevels,andgreatsubtlety.ItisatonceaboutIslamicpublic spheres,aboutthecontradictionsofeverydayvillagelifeinSumatra,about therelationshipbetweenthestateandreligion,aboutgenderandinequality in Southeast Asia, about the negotiation of difference in a bewilderingly complex, normatively diverse world. But, above all, it is about the way in whichthelaw–increasingly,acrosstheglobe–isdeployedtomanagethe unmanageable,toresolvetheunresolvable,todealwiththeincommensurable. Asthissuggests,youareabouttoreadastudywhoseethnographicdepthis matchedbythebreadthofitstheoreticalreach.” JohnComaroff,HaroldH.SwiftDistinguishedServiceProfessorofAnthro- pology, University of Chicago, and Senior Research Fellow, American Bar Foundation Islam, Law, and Equality in Indonesia An Anthropology of Public Reasoning JohnR.Bowen Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge , United Kingdom Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521824828 © John R. Bowen 2003 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2003 - isbn-13 978-0-511-07083-9 eBook (EBL) - isbn-10 0-511-07083-7 eBook (EBL) - isbn-13 978-0-521-82482-8 hardback - isbn-10 0-521-82482-6 hardback isbn--13 978-0-521-53189-4 paperback - isbn-10 0-521-53189-6 paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of s for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. ToEntanMahSeri Contents Listofillustrations pageviii Listoftables ix Acknowledgments x Glossary xii Part1 Villagerepertoires 1 Law,religion,andpluralism 3 2 Adat’slocalinequalities 22 3 Remappingadat 44 Part2 Reasoninglegallythroughscripture 4 Thecontoursofthecourts 67 5 Thejudicialhistoryof“consensus” 89 6 Thepoisonedgift 123 7 Historicizingscripture,justifyingequality 147 Part3 GoverningMuslimsthroughfamily 8 Whosewordislaw? 173 9 Genderequalityinthefamily? 200 10 Justifyingreligiousboundaries 229 11 Publicreasoningacrossculturalpluralism 253 References 269 Index 283 vii Illustrations Figures 2.1 ThedescendantsofMpunJamat,1994 page26 2.2 Jul’srelatives 41 4.1 InheritancesharesinIslam 69 5.1 ThecaseofAmanNurjati’slands,1947 97 5.2 AmanNurjati’sheirs,1963 109 5.3 TengkuMukhlis’slandclaim 118 Map 1 TheGayohighlandsinAceh,Sumatra 23 viii
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