Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia PDF
Preview Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia
hefner.book Page i Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM ISLAM in an Era of Nation-States hefner.book Page ii Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM hefner.book Page iii Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM ISLAM in an Era of Nation-States Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia Edited by Robert W. Hefner and Patricia Horvatich A University of Hawai‘i Press Honolulu hefner.book Page iv Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM 1997 University of Hawai‘i Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 02 01 00 99 98 97 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Islam in an era of nation-states : politics and religious renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia / edited by Robert W. Hefner and Patricia Horvatich. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–8248–1901–2 (alk. paper). — ISBN 0–8248–1957–8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Islam and politics—Asia, Southeastern. 2. Islam and state— Asia, Southeastern. 3. Islamic fundamentalism—Asia, Southeastern. 4. Asia, Southeastern—Politics and government—1945– 5. Islam and world politics. 6. Islam—20th century. I. Hefner, Robert W., 1952– . II. Horvatich, Patricia, 1962– . BP173.7.I849 1997 322’.1’0959—dc21 97–8871 322’.1’0959—dc21 97–CIP1 University of Hawai‘i Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources Designed by Angela Stanton hefner.book Page v Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM Contents Acknowledgments vii Introduction 1. Islam in an Era of Nation-States: Politics and Religious Renewal in Muslim Southeast Asia Robert W. Hefner 3 PART I. The State and Civic Identities 2. Appreciating Islam in the Muslim Philippines: Authority, Experience, and Identity in Cotabato Thomas M. McKenna 43 3. Islamization and Democratization in Indonesia Robert W. Hefner 75 4. Traditionalist Islam and the State in Indonesia: The Road to Legitimacy and Renewal Andrée Feillard 129 PART II. Reformers and Reformism 5. Modern Intentions: Reshaping Subjectivities in an Indonesian Muslim Society John R. Bowen 157 hefner.book Page vi Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM 6. The Ahmadiyya Movement in Simunul: Islamic Reform in One Remote and Unlikely Place Patricia Horvatich 183 7. Identity Construction, Nation Formation, and Islamic Revivalism in Malayasia Shamsul A.B. 207 PART III. Ordinary Muslims 8. “Ordinary Muslims” and Muslim Resurgents in Contemporary Malaysia: Notes on an Ambivalent Relationship Michael G. Peletz 231 9. Islamization and the Reshaping of Identities in Rural South Sulawesi Martin Rössler 275 Afterword 10. Islam in Contemporary Southeast Asia: History, Community, Morality Barbara D. Metcalf 309 Contributors 321 Index 323 vi | Contents hefner.book Page vii Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM Acknowledgments In recent years scholars in the fields of Southeast Asian and Islamic studies reflecting on the distinctive situation of Muslims in Southeast Asia have enlisted the help of colleagues working on Islam in other parts of the world. Many people have been part of that dialogue, which, for those of us involved in the creation of this book, intensified with a series of meet- ings over a twenty-month period from 1993 to 1995. For the genesis of the present volume, a key moment in these discussions was a conference held in August 1993 in Honolulu on “Islam and the Social Construction of Iden- tities: Comparative Perspectives on Southeast Asian Muslims.” For that meeting and the smaller discussions that followed over the next year and one-half, we especially want to acknowledge the assistance of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies and the School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies at the University of Hawai‘i at Mânoa. These departments, headed by P.Bion Griffin and Mark Juergensmeyer, respectively, provided some of the funding and resources needed to organize this international conference. The East-West Center also played an important role in the production of the conference by offering funding and making conference facilities avail- able. We are particularly grateful to Geoffrey White, director of the Pro- gram on Cultural Studies; Charles Morrison, director of the Program on International Economics and Politics; Florence Lamoureux of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies; and Helen de Leon Palmore of the Program on Cultural Studies. The National Science Foundation, the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, and the University of Hawai‘i Foundation provided the majority of the funding for the Honolulu confer- ence. We acknowledge their assistance with gratitude. hefner.book Page viii Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM The discussions that preceded and followed the Honolulu meeting in- cluded many people, all of whom helped us to place Southeast Asian Islam in a broader perspective. We are especially grateful to the following individ- uals who participated in our meetings: Muthiah Alagappa, William Brinner, Dale Eickelman, Dru Gladney, Lenn Goodman, Anthony Johns, Mark Juer- gensmeyer, Clive Kessler, Bruce Lawrence, Barbara Metcalf, Mitsuo Naka- mura, Amina Wadud-Muhsin, Lucy Whalley, and Mark Woodward. Special thanks are extended to Nurcholish Madjid and Michael Mastura, who brought a vital Southeast Asian perspective to our discussions. Portions of Robert Hefner’s Chapter 3 appeared in an article published in Indonesia, no. 56 (Fall 1993), titled “Islam, State, and Civil Society: icmi and the Struggle for the Indonesian Middle Class.” Finally, we want to express our gratitude to Pamela Kelley at the Uni- versity of Hawai‘i Press for the energy and consideration she showed in spiriting this book to publication. viii | Acknowledgments hefner.book Page 1 Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM Introduction hefner.book Page 2 Monday, October 22, 2001 12:35 PM
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