This collection of ten essays, written between October 1971 and August 1975, is intended for the English-speaking, modem-educated Muslim in Muslim lands specifically and for the intelligentsia in Asia and Africa generally, in order to warn them of the fatal pitfa11s of modernization; that to copy the West blindly and uncritically in everything does not provide any remedy for the social problems of the so-called '~under-developed," "poor" countries of the East but rather wilJ only aggravate the predicament in which they now find themselves in addition to creating numerous new troubles exported by the West under the slogan of "modernity."