Is the Death Penalty Dying?: European and American Perspectives PDF
Preview Is the Death Penalty Dying?: European and American Perspectives
is the death penalty dying? Is the Death Penalty Dying? provides a careful analysis of the historical and political conditionsthatshapeddeathpenaltypracticeonbothsidesoftheAtlanticfromtheendof WorldWarIItothetwenty-firstcentury.ThisbookexaminesandassesseswhattheUnited StatescanlearnfromtheEuropeanexperiencewithcapitalpunishment,especiallythe trajectory of abolition in different European nations. As a comparative sociology and history of the present, the book seeks to illuminate the way death penalty systems and theirdissolutionwork,bymeansofelevenchapterswrittenbyaninterdisciplinarygroup of authors from the United States and Europe. This work will help readers see how close the United States is to ending capital punishment and some of the cultural and institutional barriers that stand in the way of abolition. Yet, more than that, this book shows how the death penalty has helped define the political and cultural identities of bothEuropeandtheUnitedStates. AustinSaratisWilliamNelsonCromwellProfessorofJurisprudenceandPoliticalSci- ence at Amherst College and Justice Hugo L. Black Visiting Senior Faculty Scholar at the University of Alabama School of Law. He is the author or editor of more than seventy books, including When the State Kills: Capital Punishment and the American Condition;SomethingtoBelieveIn:Politics,Professionalism,andCauseLawyers(with Stuart Scheingold); The Blackwell Companion to Law and Society; and most recently The Road to Abolition?: The Future of Capital Punishment in the United States (with CharlesOgletree,Jr.).SaratiseditorofthejournalsLaw,CultureandtheHumanities andStudiesinLaw,PoliticsandSociety.In2009,hereceivedtheStanWheelerAward fromtheLawandSocietyAssociationfordistinguishedteachingandmentoring. Ju¨rgen Martschukat is a Professor of History at Erfurt University and recipient of the opusmagnumfellowshipoftheGerman“pro-humanities”foundation(2010–2011).He haspublishedseveralbooks,editedvolumes,andwrittennumerousarticlesonthehis- toryofviolenceandthedeathpenaltyinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesfromtheseven- teenthcenturytothepresent.In2002,hewasawardedtheDavidThelenPrizefromthe OrganizationofAmericanHistoriansforhisarticleonthe“ArtofKillingbyElectricity.” In2007,hewasaFellowattheWoodrowWilsonInternationalCenterforScholarsin Washington,DC,workingonaprojectonraceandcapitalpunishment. Is the Death Penalty Dying? european and american perspectives Editedby AUSTIN SARAT AmherstCollege ¨ JURGEN MARTSCHUKAT ErfurtUniversity cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore, Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,Dubai,Tokyo,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521763516 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2011 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2011 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata Isthedeathpenaltydying?:EuropeanandAmericanperspectives/editedbyAustinSarat, Ju¨rgenMartschukat. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-521-76351-6(hardback) 1.Capitalpunishment–Europe. 2.Capitalpunishment–UnitedStates. I.Sarat,Austin. II.Martschukat,Ju¨rgen. III.Title. hv8699.e85i82 2011 364.66094–dc22 2010037115 isbn978-0-521-76351-6Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurlsforexternalor third-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationanddoesnotguaranteethatanycontenton suchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. ToBen,forallthejoyyoubring(A.S.) Toallthosewhofightforadeathpenalty–freeworld(J.M.) Contents Contributors pageix Acknowledgments xi Introduction:TransatlanticPerspectivesonCapital Punishment:NationalIdentity,theDeathPenalty, andtheProspectsforAbolition 1 AustinSaratandJu¨rgenMartschukat part i: what is a penalty of death: capital punishment in context 1 TheGreen,GreenGrassofHome:CapitalPunishmentand thePenalSystemfromaLong-TermPerspective 17 PieterSpierenburg 2 DidAnyoneDieHere?:LegalPersonalities,theSupermax, andthePoliticsofAbolition 47 ColinDayan 3 CapitalPunishmentasHomeowner’sInsurance:TheRiseof theHomeownerCitizenandtheFateofUltimateSanctions inBothEuropeandtheUnitedStates 78 JonathanSimon part ii: on the meaning of death and pain in europe and the united states: viewing, witnessing, understanding 4 TheWitnessingofJudgment:BetweenError,Mercy, andVindictiveness 109 EviGirling vii viii Contents 5 UnframingtheDeathPenalty:TransatlanticDiscourse onthePossibilityofAbolitionandtheExecutionof SaddamHussein 126 KathrynA.Heard 6 ExecutionsandtheDebateoverAbolitioninFranceand theUnitedStates 150 SimonGrivet part iii: abolitionist discourses, abolitionist strategies, abolitionist dilemmas: transatlantic perspectives 7 CivilizedRebels:Death-PenaltyAbolitioninEuropeas Cause,MarkofDistinction,andPoliticalStrategy 173 AndrewHammel 8 TheDeathofDignity 204 TimothyV.Kaufman-Osborn 9 SovereigntyandtheUnnecessaryPenaltyofDeath: EuropeanandUnitedStatesPerspectives 236 JonYorke 10 EuropeanPolicyontheDeathPenalty 268 AgataFijalkowski 11 TheLongShadowoftheDeathPenalty:MassIncarceration, CapitalPunishment,andPenalPolicyintheUnitedStates 292 MarieGottschalk Index 323 Contributors ColinDayan,English,VanderbiltUniversity Agata Fijalkowski, European Legal Studies and International LLB, Lancaster UniversityLawSchool EviGirling,ResearchInstituteofLaw,PoliticsandJustice,KeeleUniversity MarieGottschalk,PoliticalScience,UniversityofPennsylvania SimonGrivet,History,CNRS,Paris AndrewHammel,LawFaculty,Heinrich-HeineUniversity,Du¨sseldorf Kathryn A. Heard, Jurisprudence and Social Policy, University of California, Berkeley TimothyV.Kaufman-Osborn,Politics,WhitmanCollege Ju¨rgenMartschukat,History,ErfurtUniversity AustinSarat,Law,Jurisprudence,andPoliticalScience,AmherstCollege Jonathan Simon, Jurisprudence and Social Policy, University of California, Berkeley PieterSpierenburg,HistoricalCriminology,ErasmusUniversity,Rotterdam JonYorke,SchoolofLaw,BirminghamCityUniversity ix
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