IS 8401: Alkyl benzene sulphonic acid (acid slurry)

17 Pages·1994·1.7 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 8401 (1994): Alkyl benzene sulphonic acid (acid slurry)
[CHD 25: Soaps and other Surface Active Agents]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 8401 : 1994 ’

Indian Standard
ALKYL BENZENE SULPHONIC ACID
( ACID SLURRY ) - SPECIFICATION
( First Revision )
UDC 661.7157
@ BIS 1994
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARO
NEW DELHI 110002
May 1994 Price Group 5
spaoS and rehtO ecafruS evitcA stnegA lanoitceS ,ettimmoC DHC 025 1
FOREWORD
sihT naidnI dradnatS ( tsriF noisiveR ) was detpoda yb eht uaeruB fo naidnI Standards, retfa eht
tfard dezilanif yb eht spaoS and rehtO ecafruS evitcA stnegA lanoitceS eettimmoC had neeb
devorppa yb eht lacimehC noisiviD .licnuoC
lyklA enezneb hcihw is eht starting lairetam rof eht erutcafunam fo lykla enezneb cinohplus ,dica
osla nwonk as dica yrruls ni ,edart is eht elgnis tsegral raw lairetam desu rof eht noitcudorp fo
citehtnys stnegreted tuohguorht eht .dlrow citehtnyS stnegreted desab no lykla enezneb dnif
evisnetxe noitacilppa as dlohesuoh and lairtsudni washing and gninaelc slairetam rehtie enola ro
ni noitanibmoc htiw rehto cinoina ro cinoi-non ecafrus evitca .stnega
ehT ralucelom mass fo lykla enezneb seirav morf 236 ot 256 gnidneped no eht ecruos fo .ylppus
lyklA enezneb is detanohplus using ciruhplus ,dica muelo ro sulphur edixoirt ( ,OS ) gas. lyklA
enezneb cinohplus dica derutcafunam yb eseht tnereffid sessecorp seirav ni evitca ,rettam eerf
dica and osla ni ruoloc and .ytisocsiv
lyklA enezneb is fo owt ,sepyt dehcnarb and .raenil ehT ytilibadargedoib fo raenil lykla enezneb
is doog elihw that fo dehcnarb lykla enezneb is .roop nI ,aidnI ylno raenil lykla enezneb gnieb
desu hguohtla ereht is on noitalsigel ot ban eht esu fo dehcnarb lykla .enezneb ehT noitcudorp
of raenil lykla er;ezneb ni aidnI detrats ni eht raey 1979. woN eht yrtnuoc is fles tneiciffus ni
raenil lykla .enezneb
sihT standard was tsrif dehsilbup ni 1977.
ehT lacinhcet eettimmoc elbisnopser ni eht noitalumrof fo this standard dediced ot esiver .ti
nI this ,noisiver eht tnemeriuqer rof gnikcap has neeb deifidom sediseb eht tnemdnema .oN 1
dehsilbup ni yluJ 1988 has neeb .detaroprocni ,oslA ni eht d3ht:m fo noitanimreted fo
alkyl
enezneb cinohplus ,dica eht ralucelom mass fo lykla enezneb has deifidom ot 235 ot 245.
dicA yruhs is an tnatropmi etaidemretni raw lairetam rof erutcafunam fo dlohesuoh and lairtsudni
citehtnys tnegreted ,sredwop sekac/stelbat and liquids. ehT snoitatimil fo soaps rof esu ni drah
retaw saera del ot eht dipar tnempoleved fo citehtnys tnegreted .yrtsudni ehT egatrohs fo slio
and ,staf eht main raw slairetam rof noitcudorp fo soaps, and esaercni ni rieht dnamed rof elbide
sesoprup evah rehtruf depleh eht htworg fo citehtnys tnegreted yrtsudni ni .aidnI At tneserp
ti is gnieb decudorp yb a egral rebmun fo units ni small elacs as llew as egral elacs .rotces
ehT noitalumrof fo this standard was nekat up no a cificeps tseuqer morf tnempoleveD -simmoC
,renois llamS elacS ,seirtsudnI tnemnrevoG fo aidnI htiw a weiv ot gnitaluger eht ytilauq fo dica
yrruls decudorp ni eht .yrtnuoc
ehT noitisopmoc fo eht lacinhceT eettimmoC and eettimmocbuS elbisnopser rof eht noitalumrof
fo this naidnI dradnatS is nevig ni xennA .G
roF eht esoprup fo gnidiced rehtehw a ralucitrap tnemeriuqer fo this standard is deilpmoc ,htiw
eht lanif ,eulav devresbo ro ,detaluclac gnisserpxe eht tluser fo a tset ro ,sisylana shall eb dednuor
ffo ni ecnadrocca htiw SI 2 : 1960 seluR‘ rof gnidnuor ffo laciremun seulav ( revised)‘. ehT
rebmun fo tnacifingis secalp deniater ni eht dednuor ffo eulav dluohs eb eht emas as that fo eht
deificeps eulav ni this standard.
SI 4991:1048
Indian Standard
ALKYL BENZENE SULPHONIC ACID
( ACID SLURRY ) - SPECIFICATION
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE 5.2 ehT lairetam shall osla ylpmoc htiw eht
stnemeriuqer debircserp ni elbaT 1.
sihT standard sebircserp stnemeriuqer and
sdohtem fo sampling and tset rof lykla enezneb 6 GNIKCAP AND GNIKRAM
cinohplus dica ( dica yrruls .)
6.1 gnikcaP
2 SECNEREFER
ehT lairetam shall eb dekcap ni enelyhteylop
ehT naidnI Standards detsil woleb era yrassecen sreniatnoc fo elbatius ,ezis ro yna rehto elbatius
stcnujda ot this standard. lairetam ro as deerga ot neewteb eht resahcrup
and eht .reilppus
SI .oN Title
NOTE - fI deilppus ni dlim ,leets ereht si doohilekil
286 : 1978 sdohteM fo sampling and tset fo lairetam gnitteg detanimatnoc htiw nori .selcitrap
rof soaps ( jirst revision j
321 : 1964 noitacificepS rof etulosbo 6.2 Marking
lohocla ( desiver )
ehT segakcap shall eb yleruces desolc and -ram
336 : 1976 noitacificepS rof rehte ( second dek htiw eht gniwollof :sralucitrap
revision )
)a emaN and epyt fo eht ;lairetam
1070 : 1992 noitacificepS rof tnegaer edarg
retaw ( third revision j )b noitacidnI fo ecruos fo ;erutcafunam
2263 : 1979 sdohteM fo noitaraperp fo -idni )c teN mass fo eht ;lairetam
rotac snoitulos rof cirtemulov
)d hctaB .oN ro tol .oN ni edoc ro -rehto
sisylana (first revision ) ;esiw
7597 : 1974 yrassolG fo smret gnitaler ot )e htnoM and raey fo ;erutcafunam and
ecafrus evitca stnega
)f ESU DNAH SEVOLG ELIHW -DNAH
3 YGOLONIMRET
.GNIL
roF eht esoprup fo this standard, eht snoitinifed
7
nevig ni SI 7597 : 1974 shall .ylppa SAMPLING
4 SEPYT 7.1 General
ehT lareneg ,snoituacerp elacs fo sampling and
ehT lairetam shall eb fo owt sepyt gnidneped no
noitaraperp fo tset samples, shall eb as debircserp
evitca rettam ,tnetnoc :yleman
ni 3.1,3.2 and 3.3 as elbacilppa rof diuqil paos
)a epyT 1, and ylevitcepser fo SI 286 : 1978.
epyT 2.
, b) 7.2 rebmuN fo Tests
5 STNEMERIUQER 7.2.1 stseT rof noitanimreted fo scitsiretcarahc
nevig at lS .oN )i( and )ii( ni elbaT 1 shall eb
5.1 noitpircseD
detcudnoc no hcae fo eht laudividni samples
ehT lairetam shall eb ni eht mrof fo a -omoh .yletarapes
suoeneg suocsiv ,diuqil ylisae elbaruop and shall
ton etarapes otni owt .sreyal nehW dezilartuen 7.2.2 stseT rof noitanimreted fo all eht -niamer
htiw alkali, ti shall mrof a etsap gnignar morf gni scitsiretcarahc shall eb detcudnoc no eht
etihw ot maerc ni .ruoloc etisopmoc .elpmas
1
SI 1048 : 1994
1
Table Requirements for Alkyl Benzene Sulphonic Acid ( Acid Slurry )
( Clauses 5.2 and 8.1 )
Sl No. Characteristic Requirement for Method of Test
r_--_*_ s ( Ref to Annex )
epyT 1 eM‘ 2
)1( (2) (3) (4) (9
0 evitcA rettam as lykla enezneb 95.0 85.0 A&B
cinohplus ,dica tnecrep yb ,ssam
Min
)ii eerF lykla ,enezneb tnecrep yb 2.0 2.0 C
,ssam Max
)iii eerF ciruhplus ,dica tnecrep yb 2.0 9.0 D
,ssam Max
)vi ruoloC
a) of 10 tnecrep lohocla c -ulos Rl+Y5 3 Y $ 0.5 R E
noit ( ssam yb ssam ) ni 4/l ni
llec no dnobivoL ,retemotniT
ton darker naht
)b of noitulos ni dellitsid water 950 700 F
gniniatnoc 5 tnecrep evitca
rettam no ttelK ,retemirolac
Max ( ni ttelK )
SETON
1 ynA of the three sdohtem yam eb dewollof for enituor ,gnitset ,revewoh ni case of etupsid the dnobivoL
retemotniT dohtem llahs eb the referee .dohtem
2 roF the esoprup of .noitaluclac the ralucelom ssam llahs eb nekat as 240.
___---------- .__.___ _
7.3 Criteria for Conformity 7.3.2 For Composite Sample
roF gniralced the ytimrofnoc of the tol ot the
7.3.1 For Individual Samples
stnemeriuqer of other scitsiretcarahc denimreted
roF each of the scitsiretcarahc hcihw has neeb no the etisopmoc ,elpmas the test stluser for
denimreted no the laudividni selpmas ( 7.2.1 ) each of the scitsiretcarahc llahs yfsitas the
the naem ( X) dna the egnar ( R ) of the test tnaveler .tnemeriuqer
stluser llahs eb detaluclac as :swollof 8 TESTS
ehT mus of test stluser 8.1 stseT ot etaulave scitsiretcarahc debircserp ,
)X(naeM = rebmuN of test stluser ni elbaT I llahs eb detcudnoc as debircserp in
xennA A ot E. ecnerefeR ot tnaveler esualc of
egnaR ( R ) = ehT ecnereffid neewteb the xennA B si nevig ni .10-A
mumixam dna the -inim
mum eulav of the test 8.2 ytilauQ of Reagents
.stluser Unless deificeps ,esiwehto erup slacimehc dna
dellitsid water ( see SI 1070 : 2991 ) llahs ,eb
7.3.1.1 ehT tol llahs eb demeed as gnimrofnoc
desu ni tests.
ot the tnemeriuqer fi the noisserpxe ( 6.O-X R )
si greater naht or lauqe ot mumixam eulav nevig ETON - eruP‘ 9slacimehc llahs naem slacimehc that
ni elbaT 1, dna ( X + 0.6 R ) si ssel naht or do ton niatnoc seitirupni hcihw affect the stluser of
lauqe ot mumixam eulav nevig ni elbaT .I .sisylana
2
IS 8401 : 1994
ANNEX A
[ TabZe 1, SI No. )i( ]
DETERMINATION FO LYKLA ENEZNEB CINOHPLUS ACID
A-0.1 GENERAL A-3.5 Standard Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Solu-
tion - 0.004 M.
nI eht dohtem ,debircserp eht ralucelom mass
fo evitca rettam shall eb nekat desab no eht
kcehC eht ytirup fo eht muidos lyruaJ etahplus
ralucelom mass fo lykla enezneb as deralced yb
as nevig ni 1.5.3-A and ylsuoenatlumis eraperp
eht .reilppus sihT dohtem shall eb desu rof
eht standard .noitulos
enituor .sisylana roF erom etarucca ,stluser
ralucelom mass fo muidos lykla enezneb -ohplus
tin dica shall eb denimreted as debircserp ni 1.5.3-A Determination of Purity of Sodium Lauryl
xennA B and neht desu ni gnitaluclac eht evitca Sulphate
rettam tnetnoc yb this .dohtem
hgieW ot eht tseraen 1 ,gm 5 f 0.2 g fo eht
lairetam otni a lm-052 dnuor mottob ksaif htiw
A-l OUTLINE OF THE METHOD
ssalg-dnuorg .kcen Add yltcaxe 2.5 lm fo
A-I.I A solution of the anionic detergent con- standard ciruhplus dica noitulos ( 1.0 N ) and
gniniat dedda enelyhtem eulb is nekahs htiw xulfer rednu a retaw .resnednoc gniruD eht
,mroforolhc hcihw sevlossid eht enelyhtem eulb tsrif 5 ot 10 ,setunim eht noitulos lliw nekciht
salt fo eht .tnegreted ehT erutxim is detartit and dnet ot maof ;ylgnorts lortnoc this yb
htiw a evitca-cinoitac tnega ,hcihw retfa ti has gnivomer eht ecruos fo taeh and gnilriws eht
denibmoc htiw all eht eerf cinoina tnegreted stnetnoc fo eht .ksalf nI redro ot diova -secxe
snigeb ot ecalpsid enelyhtem eulb morf eht salt. evis ,gnimaof daetsni fo ,gnixuifer eht noitulos
ehT dne tniop is nekat nehw tneiciffus enelyhtem yam eb tfel no a gniliob htab-retaw rof eno
eulb has neeb decalpsid otni eht suoeuqa reyal .ruoh retfA a rehtruf 10 setunim eht noitulos
ot ecudorp phases fo lauqe ruoloc .ytisnetni seifiralc and gnimaof .sesaec xlllfeR for a -ruf
As eht noitcaer is ton ,cirtemoihciots ti is ther 1 .ruoh evomeR eht ecruos fo ,taeh looc
laitnesse ot yrrac tuo noitazidradnats using a eht ksalf and ylluferac esnir eht resnednoc htiw
nwonk cinoina tnegreted ralimis ni erutan ot lm fo lonahte dewollof yb .retaw Add a
30
eht .nwonknu wef spord fo eht nielahthplonehp noitulos and
etartit htiw standard muidos edixordyh .noitulos
ETON - setirolhcopyH dna setihpius erefretni htiw
the noitceted of the dne tniop dna dluohs eb -nimile yrraC tuo a blank tset yb gnitartit 25 lm of
ated yb the noitidda of suorref etahplus or oezordyh ciruhplus dica noitulos ( O-1 N ) htiw standard
edixorep .ylevitcepser muidos edixordyh .noitulos
A-2 APPARATUS ehT ytirup fo eht muidos 28.84 ( V _V, ) N
A-2.1 Volumetric Flasks - 1 000,500 and 250 .lm lyrual etahplus = 1
n;,
2.2-A Stoppered Graduated Cylinder - 50 ml. erehw
A-2.3 Graduated Cylinder - 50 .lm V, = emulov ni lm fo standard muidos
edixordyh noitulos desu rof eht blank;
4.2-A Burette - 25 .lm
5.2-A Pipette - 10 .lm V, = emulov ni lm fo standard muidos
edixordyh noitulos desu rof eht ;elpmas
6.2-A Beakers - 250 .lm
N1 = ytilamroN fo standard muidos -ordyh
3-A STNEGAER edix ;noitulos and
1.3-A mroforolhC - yllacimehc .erup Ml = mass ni g fo muidos lyrual etahplus
rednu .tset
2.3-A ciruplnS dicA 5 N noituloS
ylluferaC add 134 lm fo ciruhplus dica ( evitaler 2.5.3-A
Procedure
ytisned 1.84 ) ot 300 lm fo retaw and etulid ot
1 .ertil Weigh to eht tseraen 1 ,gm neew,teb I * 14 and
1.16 g fo muidos lyrual etahplus and evlossid
3.3-A dradnatS ciruhpluS dicA - 1.0 N.
ni 200 lm of water. refsnarT ot a dnuorg ssalg
4.3-A dradnatS muidoS edixordyH noituloS - dereppots 1 ertil kram-eno :cirtemulov ksali dna
1.0 N. etulid ot the kram htiw water. etaluclaC the
IS 8401 : 1994
,ytira!om T,, fo eht noitulos yb snaem fo eht A-4 PROCEDURE
:alumrof
,ytirup tnecrep yb mass A-4.1 Standardization of Benzethonium Chloride
M, x
Ml = 288.4 x 100 Solution
erehw A-4.1.1 ettepiP 10 lm fo standard muidos lyrual
etahplus noitulos ( ees 5.3-A ) otni a lm-001
M, = mass ni g fo muidos lyrual etahplus detaudarg rednilyc dedivorp htiw a glass
.nekat .reppots Add 15 lm fo mroforolhc and 25 lm
6.3-A Standard Benzethonium Chloride Solu- fo enelyhtem eulb tnegaer ot eht .rednilyc
tion* - 0.004 M . ekahS .llew ehT mroforolhc reyal ( rewol )
shall eb deruoloc eulb ro hsineerg .eulb
hgieW ot eht tseraen 1 gm neewteb 57-l and
1.85 g fo muinohtezneb edirolhc and evlossid 2.1.4-A Add morf eht etterub muinohtezneb
ni .retaw refsnarT ot a dnuorg glass dereppots edirolhc noitulos ,ylwols yllaitini ni snoitrop fo
1 ertil kram-eno cirtemulov ksalf and etulid ot 0.2 .lm retfA hcae ,noitidda reppots eht -nilyc
eht kram htiw .retaw ,red ekahs llew and wolla eht phases ot .etarapes
yllaitinI eht mroforolhc esahp lliw eb deruoloc
NOTES
eulb ro hsineerg .eulb sdrawoT eht dne eht
I nI redro ot eraperp a 0.004 M ,noitulos yrd eht
ruoloc dluow start gnitargim ot eht suoeuqa
muinohtezneb edirolhc at ,C”SOI hgiew 1.792 g ot eht
.reyal etoN eht gnidaer at hcihw eht ruoloc
tseraen 1 ,gm evlossid ni retaw dna etulid ot 1 .zrtil
elihW ,gniyrd take erac ton ot esiar eht erutarepmet ytisnetni ni htob eht phases is eht emas nehw
dnoyeb 105°C. deweiv rednu standard snoitidnoc fo ,thgil rof
,elpmaxe against a etihw nialecrop elit rednu
2 rehtO cinoitac ,stnegaer hcus sa lytec lyhtsmirt
muinomma edimorb dna muinoklazneb ,edirolhc evig lamron .thgilyad
stluser lacitnedi ot esoht deniatbo gnisu muinohtezneb
.edirolhc revewoH eseht stset evah ton neeb deirrac 3.1.4-A etaluclaC eht ytiralom fo muinohtezneb
tuo ni tneiciffus rebmun ot ekam ti elbissop ot etats
edirolhc noitulos as :swollof
taht eht tluser lliw eb lacitnedi on rettam tahw
eht tcudorp ;desylana rof taht ,nosaer fi -ohtezneb ytiral7M fo muinohtezl~eb
muin edirolhc si ton elbaliava ti si dettimrep ot esu 10
edirolhc ,noitulos T
rehtona tnegaer dedivorp taht siht si detats ni eht T,= 1
tset .troper revewoH ni esac fo tbuod dna syawla VI
ni esac fo a ,etupsid ylno muinohtezneb edirolhc erehw
dluohs eb .desu
ytiralom fo muidos lyrual etahplus
Tl =
A-3.7 Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution ,noitulos and
evlossiD 1 g fo nielahtahplonehp ni 100 lm fo
emuloV ni lm fo muinohtezneb edirolhc
95 tnecrep ( v/v ) .lonahte VI =
noitulos .dedda
8.3-A Methylene Blue Solution ( 0,005 Percent )
2.4-A Determination of Anionic Active Matter
evlossiD 0,05 g fo enelyhtem ,eulb 50 g fo muidos
etahplus and 6.8 lm fo detartnecnoc ciruhplus Proceed as debircsed ni ,1.4-A taking 10 lm fo
dica ni retaw and ekam up eht emulov ot 1 ertil eht elpmas noitulos ( 9.3-A ) daetsni fo muidos
htiw .retaw lyrual etahplus .noitulos
1.8.3-A dexiM srotacidni era osla elbaliava and 3.4-A noitaluclaC
yam eb .desu
etaluclaC eht cinoina evitca rettam as lykla
A-3.9 Sample Solution enezneb cinohplus dica as :swollof
hgieW a elbatius ytitnauq fo eht elpmas -noc cinoinA evitca ,rettam ~~ ZV X ,T x 5
gniniat 100 ot 160 gm fo cinoina evitca rettam tnecrep yb mass Z
rep 100 lm fo .noitulos roF this ekat an -orppa M,
etairp ytitnauq fo elpmas and ezilartuen htiw
erehw
deriuqer ytitnauq fo muidos edixordyh noitulos
ot teg muidos lykla enezneb .etanohplus tuobA ev = emulov ni lm fo minohtezneb edirolhc
1 g fo muidos lykla enezneb etanohplus rep noitulos ;dedda
500 lm fo eht noitulos is .elbatius
ytiralom fo muinohtezneb edirolhc
T, =
* The lluf eman fo siht lacimehc si lyzneb lyhtemid noitulos ( ees 3.1.4-A ;)
(p-2[-2 lytublyhtcmartet-?,3,1,1 ) -lyxohte-yxonehp
mass ni g fo eht elpmas ;nekat and
lyhte muinomma .etardyh-onomedirolhc .,HCC.,HC[ M, =
&HC(C .,HCO,HC,HCO.,H,C ,),HC(N,HC CHD,
ralucelom mass fo lykla enezneb sul-
]sH,C + .]O,H.-lC tI si yllaicremmoc dlos rednu M=
cinohp dica nekat rof .noitaluclac
eht eman enimayHS 1622’.
4
IS $401 : 1994
ANNEX B
( Clause A-0.1 )
DETERMINATION OF MOLECXJLAR MASS OF SULPHONIC ACID OR SODIUM
SALT OF SULPHONIC ACID
drah pmul htiw a glass dor denettalf at eno .dne
B-l APPARATUS
woM eht dilos rettam ot elttes and tnaced eht
B-l.1 Beakers -- 150 and 1000 lm .yticapac toh cilohocla noitulos hguorht a deretnis glass
retiB lennuf dettif ot a renhcuB ksalf ot hcihw
2.l-B Buchner Flask - 500 lm ,yticapac dettif
noitcus is .deilppa taepeR eht cilohocla noitsegid
htiw a deretnis glass retlif lennuf ( ytisorp 4 .)
ni a ralimis rennam htiw 5 rehtruf evitucesnoc
3.l-B gnitaropavE nisaB 30 lm snoitrop fo gniliob lyhte .lohocla retliF
hcae tcartxe ni nrut hguorht eht emas deretnis
4.l-B gnitarapeS slennuF - 1 000 lm .yticapac
glass lennuf and, ,yllanif wash eht eudiser -eves
lar semit htiw toh lyhte lohocla ot evomer all
El.5 Steam-Bath
eht lohocla .selbulos etaropavE eht denibmoc
B-l.6 Wide-Mouthed Flat Bottomed Flask - etartlif ot a small klub ni an gnitaropave dish
200 lm .yticapac and refsnart ti ot a gnitarapes .lennuf esniR eht
gnitaropave dish ecno htiw 50 lm fo 96 tnecrep
7.l-B Air-Oven - ylbareferP yllacirtcele detaeh
lyhte lohocla and neht ruof semit htiw 50 lm
htiw erutarepmet lortnoc .ecived
snoitrop fo .retaw Add hcae wash ni nrut ot eht
2-B STNEGAER gnitarapes .lennuf Add 150 lm fo lyhteid .rehte
lriwS yltneg ot erusne etauqeda ,gnixim and
B-2.1 Caustic Soda Solution - 10 tnecrep .>v/m( wolla eht owt phases ot .etarapes Run ffo eht
2.2-B lyhtE lohoclA - 30 ,tnecrep 96 ,tnecrep suoeuqa cilohocla reyal otni a dnoces gnitarapes
)v/v( and .etulosba ,lennuf and tcartxe eciwt htiw 75 lm snoitrop fo
lyhteid .rehte refsnarT eht suoeuqa cilohocla
3.2-B lyhteiD rehtE esahp otni a ,rekaeb and enibmoc eht eerht rehte
.stcartxe
4.2-B enotecA
5.2-B nielahthplonehP rotacidnI - eeS SI 2263 :
2.3-B ekaT eht denibmoc rehte stcartxe ni a
1979
naelc gnitarapes .lennuf Wash eerht semit htiw
6.2-B lyhteM egnarO rotacidnI - 0.1 tnecrep evisseccus 50 lm snoitrop fo 30 tnecrep lyhte
( v/m .) lohocla and neht htiw evisseccus 50 lm snoitrop
fo retaw litnu eht rehte esahp is eerf morf -ocla
52.7 cirreF muinommA etahpluS rotacidnI -
;loh yllausu 7 ot 10 sehsaw-retaw era .yrassecen
etarutaS .noitulos enibmoC all eht cilohocla and suoeuqa ,stcartxe
~-12.~ dradnatS ciruhpluS dicA - yletamixorppA ezilartuen ot nielahthplonehp and etaropave no
a htab-maets litnu eht emulov is decuder ot
* .
tuoba 25 .lm Add an lauqe emulov fo etulosba
9.2-B dradnatS muinommA etanaycoihT -uloS lohocla and etaropave ot .ssenyrd ehT noitulos
noit - yletamixorppA 0.1 N. shall niamer just knip ot nielahthplonehp -orht
tuohgu .noitaropave oT erusne that eht eudiser
01.2-B cirtiN dicA - ,detartnecnoC evitaler
is yletelpmoc ,suordyhna add 30 lm fo etulosba
ytisned 1.42.
lohocla and again etaropave ot .ssenyrd tcartxE
11.2-B enezneB-ortiN eht eudiser htiw 30 lm fo toh 96 tnecrep lvhte
,lohocla gnirrits and gnikaerb up eht dilos
21.2-B dradnatS revliS etartiN
Solution - rettam ni eht dish htiw a glass .dor wollA eht
yletamixorppA 0.1 N.
dilos rettam ot elttes and tnaced eht toh -ocla
ciloh noitulos hguorht a deretnis glass retlif
3-B PROCEDURE
lennuf dettif ot a renhcuB ksalf ot hcihw noitcus
1.3-B hgieW tuoba 2 g fo eht lairetam otni a is .deilppa tcartxE eht eudiser ni eht dish htiw
lm-051 .rekaeb evlossiD ni muminim xis rehtruf evitucesnoc 30 lm snoitrop fo toh
quantity
fo retaw and ezilartuen htiw citsuac ados -ulos 96 tnecrep lyhte .lohocla Pass hcae tcartxe ni
.noit etaropavE no a htab-maets ot tsomla nrut hguorht eht deretnis glass .retlif ,yllaniF
etelpmoc .ssenyrd tsegiD htiw 50 lm fo 96 -rep wash eht eudiser ni eht deretnis glass retlif eerht
tnec lyhte lohocla yb gnitaeh no a htab-maets semit htiw tuoba 20 fo toh 96 tnecrep lyhte
rof tuoba 2 .setunim ritS and kaerb lohocla morf eht tej fo a wash .elttob
up any
5