IS 6876: Technical Characteristics and Testing of Fork Arms for Forklift Trucks

12 Pages·2003·1.1 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 6876 (2003): Technical Characteristics and Testing of
Fork Arms for Forklift Trucks [TED 22: Transport Tractors
and Trailers]
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Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
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IS 6876:2003

Indian Standard
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND
TESTING OF FORK ARMS FOR
FORKLIFT TRUCKS
( First Revision)
ICS 53.060

0 BIS 2003
BUREAU OF IN DIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

.luly 2003 Price Group 3
‘7
Industrial Trucks Sectional Committee TED 23
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized
by the Irrdustriul Trucks Sectional Committee had been approved by the Transport Engineering Division
Council.
This standmd hos been prepared as aguide for testing the suitability of fork to be used in forklift trucks and the
i
principal dimensions are specified to promote interchangeability. {
This revision was undertaken tobring itinline with 1S0 2330:2001 ‘Fork-lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical
characteristics and testing’, issued by International Organisation for Standardization. In this revision, certain
tests have been added such as yield test, impact test, fatigue test and surface crack detection. Marking clause
has also been elaborated.
The composition of the Committee responsible for formulation of this standard is given in Annex A.
For the purpose of deciding whether aparticular requirement of this standard iscomplied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2: 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in
the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 6876:2003
Indian Standard
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND
TESTING OF FORK ARMS FOR
FORKLIFT TRUCKS
( First Revision)
1 SCOPE 4.1.1 Nominal Thickness ‘t’and Nominal Width ‘b’
1.1 This standard covers the recommended sizes of The thickness and width of the fork arms shall be
cross-sections of hook on type fork arms as well as chosen, whenever possible, from the series of
length of their blade, for manufacturing and testing of recommended dimensions as given in Tables 1,2and
solid fork arms of forklift trucks. 3 (see also Fig. 1).
1.2 This standard applies to solid section fork arms to 4.1.2 Nominal Length ‘1’
be fitted to all types of forklift trucks.
Length ofthe blade of the fork arms shall beinrelation
1.3 By agreement between the fork arm manufacturer
with the length of the loads to be handled. It shall be
and the purchaser, these requirements may also be
chosen from the series of preferred lengths as given in
applied to fork arms not intended for quantity
Table 2 (see also Fig. 1).
manufacture.
4.2 Tolerances
2 REFERENCES
4.2.1 The tolerances on nominal thickness (t),
The following standards contain provisions which
nominal width (b) and nominal length (1)shall be in
through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
accordance with Tables 4 and 5.
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
Table 1 Nominal Thickness ‘t’
revision, and parties to agreements based on this
(C/ause4.l.1)
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
Alldimensionsinmillimetres.
of applying the most recent editions of the standards
indicated below: t 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90
[SNo. Title
1757:1988 Method for charp y impact test (V- Table 2 Nominal Width ‘b’and Nominal Length ’1’
notch) for metallic material (second (Clauses 4.1.1 and 4.1.2)
revision) Alldimensionsinmillimetres.
3469 (Part 3) : Tolerances for closed die steel
1974 forgings (/iirresvtision) b 80 100 120 125 140 150 160 180 200 — — —
752.5:1974 Mounting dimensions for fork carriers /7508C0 900 950105011501200125013501500 11XN31650
and fork arms for forklift trucks
Table 3 Recommended Sections for Fork Arms
7570:1975 Glossary of terms relating to fork
(Clause 4.1. 1)
arms and attachments o; forklift
Alldimensionsinmillimetres.
trucks
3 TERMINOLOGY Ab 80 tOO 120 125 140 150 160 180 200
25x--––– ---
For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given
30 XX---- ---
in IS 7570 and the following definition shall apply. 35 -XXX-- ---
40– XXX-- –––
3.1 Prototype Fork Arm — Fork arm intended for 45-- XXXX x-–
quantity production where any combination of the 50-- XXXX x--
blade, shank cross-section, material specification, 60 ----x x x
70 -----: :Xx
hook or fork heel design is new to production.
80 ------ --X
4 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES 90 -----– –-x
NOTE—x=Recommendedsections.
4.1 Dimensions
1
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IS 6876:2003
Lb
—
‘T
1-
n
—
Alldimensionsinmillimetres.
FIG.1 DIMENSIONSOFFORKARM
Table 4 Tolerance on Thickness ‘t’on Dimensional Basis
(Cluuses 4.2.1 and 4.2.2)
1
S1 Thickness Tolerance onThickness forLength
No. t ; A 3.
‘up to Over Over Over Over Over Over Over
50 50 120 250 500 800 1200 2000
up to upto up to up to up to up to upto
120 250 500 800 1200 2000 2500

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
<2 1,6 2.0 2.5 — — — — —
i) up m 30 2t05 1.2 1.6 2.0 — — — — —
{ >5 1.2 1.6 1.6 — — — — —
ii) Above30 <2 1.6 2.0 2.5 4.0 4.5 — — —
up 1050 2t05 1.6 2.0 2.0 3,5 4.0 — — —
{ >5 1.6 1.6 2.0 3.5 3.5 — — —
iii) Above50 . 2.5 3,0 4.5 5.0 5.5 7.0 8.0
up [0 80 (~2,:; — 2.0 2.5 3.5 4.0 5.0 5.0 7.5
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.5 5,0 6.5
iv) Above80 <2 — 2.5 3.0 4.5 5.5 6.5 8.0 9.5
up to 120 ( — 2,5 2.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 6.5 8.0
(2 ‘(:: — 2.5 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 7.0
v) Above120 <2 — — 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 8.5 10.5
up to 150 ?K)5 — — 3.0 4.0 4,5 5.0 6.5 8.0
{ >5 — 2.5 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.5 7.0
Vl) ,AbovcI50 <2 — 3.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 8.5 10.5
Upt[) 180 ?[(15 — 3.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 8.0 “
{ >5 . 3.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 7.0

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IS 6876:2003
Table 5 Tolerance on Length ’1’ and Width ‘b’ on Dimensional Basis
(Clauses 4.2.1 and 4.2.2)
Alldimensionsinmillimetres.
SI Thickness ~ Toleranee on Lengttr and Wldtk
No. t b / -
up to Over Over Over Over Over Over Over
50 50 120 250 5CKt 800 1200 2000
up to up to up to up to up to Upro up to
120 250 500 800 1200 2000 2500
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)
<2 1.6 2.0 2.5 — — — — —
i) up to30 2t05 1,0 1.2 2.0 — — — — —
{ >5 1.0 1.2 2.0 . — — — —
ii) Above30 <2 1,6 2.0 2.5 4.0 4.5 — — —
up 10 50 2t05 1.0 1.2 2.0 3.5 5.0 — — —
{ >5 1.0 1.2 2.0 3.5 5.0 — — —
iii) Above50 <2 2.5 3.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 8.0 10.0
UP1080 2t05 1.2 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 [3.5
{ >5 — I.2 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
iv) Above80 <2 — 2.5 3.0 4.5 5.5 6.5 8.0 10.0
up to120 2t05 — 1.2 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
{ >5 1.2 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
v) Above120 <2 — — 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 8.5 11.0
up to 150 2to.5 — — 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
{ >5 — — 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
vi) Above150 <2 — — 3.5 5.0 5.5 6.5 8.5 11.0
up to 180 2t05 — — 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
{ >5 — — 2.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 10.0 13.5
4.2.2 The values given in Tables 4and 5 are adopted 6.2 The tests in 7 and 8 may, by agreement between
from IS 3469 (Part 3). the fork arm manufacturer and the purchaser, be
NOTE—TolemncesgiveninTables4and5shallapplytofork repeated periodically for quantity production fork
armswhenmanufacturedbydropforgingorpressforging. arms.
4.3 other Dimensional Detail s 7 YIELD TEST

The dimensions ofsuspension hook s and their location 7.1 Test Load
on the fork shank shall be in accordance with IS 7525.
7.LI Fork Arms Each of Specified Cupacity Up to
5 MANUFACTURE and Including 5000 kg
5.1 Materials The test loaded FT (see Fig. 2) shall correspond to
three times the specified capacity C’of the fork arm.
The material, and ifnecessary the heat treatment, shall
7.1.2 Fork Arms Each ofSpecified Capacity Greater
be selected in such u way that the finished fork
than 5000 kg
complies with the provisions of 6.
The test load FT shall correspond to the specified
5.2 Method of Manufacture
capacity C of the fork arm multiplied by the factor R,
The method ofmanttti~cture shall bedetermined bythe where R isgiven as follows:
forkliIttruck manufacturer. R=3-O.O8(Q-1O)
where
6 TESTING
R > 2.5
6.1 A prototype fork arm shall be subjected to, and Q==
1000
meet the requirements, of the yield test in 7 and the
impact tes[ in 8. 7.2 Procedure
6.1.1 Prototype fork arms each having a specified 7.2.1 Restrain the fork arm in a manner identical to
capticity not greater than 4 ()(X)kg shall be subjected that used on the forklift truck. Fit the fork arm with a
{()and ltlee( [he requirements of the fatigue teSt in g. means of measuring any permanent deformation.

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IS 6876:2003
7.2.2 Apply theappropriatey ieldtest loadtwiceatthe 8.3 Requirement
distance D from the front face of the fork arm shank
The samples shall achieve an impact value of at least
(see Fig. 2), gradually andwithout shock; maintainit
27 J at –20”C.
for 30 s each time. For fork arms each of specified
capacity below 5 500 kg, D shall be taken as the
9 FATIGUE TEST
appropriate rated load centre distance as specified in
Table 1of IS 7525. For fork arms each of specified 9.1 Test Load Magnitude, Frequency and
capacity of 5500 kg and above, D shall be specified Duration
by the truck manufacturer.
9.1.1 The dynamic test load shall be of constant
7.3 Requirement
amplitude and have a peak magnitude of 1.25 times
Datum readings shall be taken on the top surface of the
the specified capacity C. The minimum value for the
fork blade tip after the first test and again after the
dynamic test load shall not exceed 0.1 times the
second test. Comparison between these two readings
specified capacity C.
shall indicate no permanent deflection.
9.1.2 The test load frequency shall be 10 Hz
8 IMPACT TEST
maximum. The frequency shall be reduced if the
8.1 Sampling
temperature of the fork arm exceeds 50”C, or if
8.1.1 Specimens longitudinal to the grain shall be resonance symptoms occur.
taken in relation to the fork arm section in accordance
9.1.3 Thedurationofthe test shall be not less than 106
with the location of test pieces in bars and wire rods.
test load cycles.
These shall preferably be taken from an area between
the top and bottom hooks, but itis also permissible to
9.2 Procedure
take specimens from aspecially provided extension of
the fork shank above the top hook or from a separate Restrain the fork arm inamanner identical tothat used
piece of semi-finished material of adequate size (that on the forklift truck. Apply the dynamic test load atthe
is length at least twice the width), which has the same distance from the front face of the fork arm shank
cross-section,has been taken from the same material where D is as specified in 7.2 (see also Fig. 2).
batch and has received the same heat treatment as the
fork arm itself. 9.3 Requirement
8.2 Procedure
There shall be no cracks or permanent deformation in
The impact test should be carried out in accordance the fork arm on completion of the test. The crack
with IS 1757 using standardized V-notched samples, detection procedure shall be as specified in 10.
at a temperature of –20”C.

POSITION OF MARKING>
J
Ft
Alldimensionsinmillimetres.
FIG.2 POSITIONOFMARKINGANDTESTLOADSAPPLICATIONPOSITION

4
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IS 6876:2003
10 SURFACE CRACK DETECTION the following:
The fork arm manufacturer shall visually examine a) Specified fork arm capacity C, in kg;
every fork arminquantity production thoroughly (or b) Specified load centre distance D, in mm;
following a fatigue test) for cracks, and subject them c) Fork arm manufacturer’s identification; and
to a non-destructive crack detection process with d) Week or month and year of manufacture or
special attention being given tothe heel and any welds agreed serial number.
and heat-affected zones at the top and bottom hooks,
12.2 The truck manufacturer’s identification and part
including their attachment to the shank. The fork arm
number may be shown if requested.
shall be withdrawn, if indications of cracking are
detected. 12.3 BIS Certification Marking
NOTE — It is recommendedthat the non-destructivecrack
detection process be carried out by the magnetic particle The fork arms ofthe forklift trucks may also bemarked
inspectionmethod.
with the Standard Mark.
11 PAIRING OF FORKS
The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the
The difference in height at the tip between any two
provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986
fork arms ofaforklift truck shall not be more than 6mm
and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The
in unloaded condition.
details of conditions under which the licence for the
12 MARKING use ofStandard Mark maybe granted tomanufacturers
or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of
12.1 At the position indicated in Fig. 2 (on either
Indian Standards.
face), each fork arm shall be marked permanently with

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