IS 6313-2: Code of Practice for Anti-Termite Measures in Buildings, Part 2: Pre-constructional Chemical Treatment Measures

16 Pages·2001·1.6 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 6313-2 (2001): Code of Practice for Anti-Termite
Measures in Buildings, Part 2: Pre-constructional Chemical
Treatment Measures [CED 13: Building Construction Practices
including Painting, Varnishing and Allied Finishing]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 6313 (Part 2) :2001 -.
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CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ANTI-TERMITE
MEASURES IN BUILDINGS
PART 2 PRE-CONSTRUCT’IONAL CHEMICAL TREATMENT MEASURES
( Second Revision)
ICS 91.12.01
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63BIS 2001
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARC
NEW DELHI 110002
December 2001 Price Group 5
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Building Construction Practices Sectional Committee, CED 13
FOREWORD
ThisIndian Standard (Part2)(Second Kewsion) wasadopted bytheBureauofIndian Standards, after thedraft
finalized by the Building Construction Practices Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil
Engineering Division Council.
This standard (Part 2) was first published in 1971and subsequently revised in 1981. In view of comments
received and further knowledge that hasbecome available, theCommittee responsible for formulation ofthis
standarddecidedtotakeupitsrevision.Considerableassistancehasbeenprovided byCentralBuilding Research
Institute,Roorkeeinrevisingthisstandard.Inthisrevision,apartfromotherchanges,Chlorpyrifos andLindane
havebeenrecommended foranti-termite treatment. Part 1of thisstandard deals withconstructional measures
andPart 3deals withtreatment forexisting buildings.
Termite control inbuildings isveryimportant asthedamage likelytobecaused bythetermites ishuge.Wood
isone of the cellulosic materials which termites damage, cellulose forming their basic nutrient. They also
damage materials of organic origin with a cellulosic base, household articles like furniture, furnishings,
clothings,stationery,etc. Termites arealsoknowntodarnagenon-cellulosic substancesintheirsearchforfood.
Rubber,leather,plastics,neoprene aswellasleadcoatingusedforcovering ofunderground cablesaredamaged
by termites. The widespread damage by termites, high constructional cost of buildings have necessitated
evolving suitable measures forpreventing accessoftermites tobuildings.
Onthebasis of their habitat, termites are divided into two types, namely (a) Subterranean or ground nesting
termites, and (b) Non-subterranean or wood nesting termites having nocontact with soil (see Annex A). The
subterranean termites are most destructive and are mainly responsible for the damage caused in buildings.
Typically, theyformnestsorcolonies underground inthesoil,nearground levelinastumporinother suitable
pieceoftimber, andsomespeciesmayconstruct aconical ordome shapedmound. These colonies maypersist

for many years and, as they ma ture,contain apopulation running into millions. All at@cksby subterranean

termitesoriginate from thenestbut timber either lyingonorburied intheground maybe reached bymeans of
sheltertubesconstructed within, orover suchmaterials orelsebytheerection ofanindependent, free standing
mudstructure. Chemical barriers whichprevent thetermites from reaching thesuper-structure of thebuilding
willprotect thebuilding and its contents. Treating the soilbeneath the building and around the foundations
with asoil insecticide isa good preventing measure which is attracting attention throughout the world. The
purposeofthistreatment istocreate achemical barrier between theground from where thetermites come and
woodwork,celhdosic materials andothercontentsofthebuildings whichmayformfoodforthetermites.Timber
which is seasoned and is naturally durable in heartwood may be used in the building structure. However,
non-durable timbers and sapwood of alltimbers shouldbetreated towithstand theattack ofdrywgod termites
(seeIS401 andIS 1141).
Thecomposition oftheCommittee responsible forformulation ofthis standard isgiven inAnnex D.
Forthepurpose ofdeciding whether aparticular requirement ofthisstandard iscomplied with, thefinal value,
observed or calculated, expressing the resultof atestoranalysis, shall be rounded off inaccordance with
IS 2:1960 ‘Rulesforrounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retained in
therounded off value should bethesameasthatofthe specified value inthis standard.
IS 6313 (Part 2) :2001
Indian Standard
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR ANTI-TERMITE
MEASURES IN BUILDINGS
PART 2 PRE-CONSTRUCTIONAL CHEMICAL TREATMENT MEASURES
(Second Revision)
1 SCOPE might be established. In order to ensure uniform
distribution of the treating solution and to assist
This standard (Part 2)gives recommendations forthe
penetration, somesitepreparation, maybenecessary.
chemical treatment of soils for the protection of
Theinformation givenin4.1.1to4.1.4 isforguidance
buildings from attack by subterranean termites. It
inpreparing abuilding site forchemical treatment.
includes reference to the chemicals to be used, lays
down minimum rates of application for usage, and 4.LI Heavy Soils and Sloping Sites
outlines procedures tobefollowed whilethebuilding
On clay and other heavy soils where penetration is
isunder construction.
likelytobeslow andonsloping siteswhererunoffof
2 REFERENCES the treating solution is likely to occur, the surface of
thesoilshouldbescarifiedtoadepthofatleast75mm.
The Indian Standards given in Annex B contain
provisions, which through reference in this text, 4.1.2 Sandy or Porous Soils
constitute provision of this standard. At the time of
Onloose,sandyorporous soilswhere lossoftreating
publication, the editions indicated were valid. All
solution through piping or excessive percolation is
standards are subject to revision, and parties to
likely to occur, preliminary moistening to fill the
agreements based on this standard are encouraged to
capillary spacesinthe soilisrecommended.
investigate thepossibility ofapplying themostrecent
editions of@e s@dm,ds indicated. 4.1.3 Levelling, Excavations and Filling
3 TERMINOLOGY All sub floor levelling and grading should be
completed; all cuttings, trenches and excavations
For the purpose of this standard, the following
definitions shall apply. should be completed with backfilling in place,
borrowed fill must be free from organic debris and

3.1 Chemical Barrier should be well compacted. If this is not done
supplementary treatments shouldbemadetocomplete
The layer of chemically treated soil in immediate
the barrier.
contact with the foundation and floor structure of a
building which kills or repels termites thus forming a 4.L4 Concrete Formwork
barrier which isimpervious totermite entry.
Allconcrete formwork, Ievellingpegs,timberoff-cuts
3.2 Soil Treatment andotherbuilder’s debris shouldberemoved fromthe
areatobetreated.
The application of chemicals (toxicants) to the soil
adjacent to and under a building to form a chemical 5 CHEMICALS AND RATE OF APPLICATION
barrier which islethal orrepellent totermites.
5.1 Basic Principle
3.3 Pre-Construction Soil Treatment
Chemical toxic to subterranean termites maybe used
This isaprocess in which soiltreatment isapplied to effectively to check termite infestation in the soil.
abuildlng during theearly stagesof itsconstruction. These areusefulinthetreatment ofnewbuilding sites
andmayalsobeusedtoeradicate existing infestation
4 SITE PREPARATION
in buildings and to prevent reinfestation. The
4.1 The removal of trees, stumps, logs or roots from effectiveness and/orresidual activity depend uponthe
abuilding sitereduces the hazards from subterranean choice of thechemicals, the dosages adopted and the
termites. Similarly, the subfloor area shouldbekept thoroughness of application. The chemical solutions
free from alldebris inwhich newcolonies oftermites oremulsions arerequired tobedispersed uniformly in
1S6313 (Part 2) :2001 . .—
the soil and of the required strength soasto form an chemical emulsion hasbeen absorbed by the soiland
effective chemical barrier which is lethal and the surface is quite dry. Treatment should not be
repellent totermites. carried out when it israining or when the soil is wet
with rain or sub-soil water. The foregoing
5.2 Mound Treatment
requirements applies also in the case of treatment to
Iftermite mounds are found within theplinth areaof the filled earth surface within the plinth area before
the buildings these should be destroyed by means of laying the sub-grade forthe floor.
insecticides in the form of water suspension or t
6.3 Dkturbance
emulsion which should bepoured intothe mounds at
several places after breaking open the earthen Once formed, treated soil barriers shall not be
structure and making holes with crow-bars. The disturbed. If, by chance, treated soil barriers are
quantity to be used will depend upon the size of the disturbed, immediate stepsshallbetakentorestorethe
mound. Foramound volumeofabout 1m3,4litresof continuity andcompleteness ofthebarriersystem.
an emulsion in water of one percent Chlorpyrifos
7 TREATMENT
20ECorLindane 20EC maybe used.
7.1 Soil Treatment
5.3 Soil Treatment
The chemical emulsions described in 5.3 shall be
Treating the soilbeneath the building and around the
applied uniformly at the prescribed rate in all the
foundations with a soil insecticide is a preventive
stages of the treatment. A suitable hand operated
measure. The purpose of the treatment isto create a
compressed airsprayerorwateringcanshouldbeused
chemical barrier between the ground from where
to facilitate uniform disposal of the chemical
termites come and woodwork or other cellulosic
emulsion. Onlargejobs, apowersprayermaybe used
materials in the buildings. The following chemicals
to save labour andtime.
conforming to relevant Indian Standard in water
emulsion are effective when applied uniformly over 7.1.1 Inthe event of waterlogging of foundation, the
the areatobetreated. water shall be pumped out andthechemical emulsion
applied when thesoil is absorbent.
Chemical Relevant Indian Concentration by
Standard Weight, percent 7.2 Treatment for Masonry Foundations and
(active ingredient) Basements
Chlorpyrifos IS 8944 1.0
7.2.1 The bottom surface andthesides(upto aheight
20EC
of about 300 mm) of the e~cavatiom -lmadefrom
Lindane IS 632 1.0 masonry foundations and basements shall be treated ,.
20EC withthechemical attherateof5l/m2surfacearea(see
Fig. 1).
NOTE — The chemicals described inthis code areinsecticides
with a persistent action and are rega r ded highly poisonous. 7.2.2 Afterthemasonryfoundations andtheretaining
These chemicals can have anadverse effect upon health when
absorbed through the skin, inhaled asvapours orspray-mists or wall of the basements come up, the backfill in
swallowed. Derailed precautions forthe safe handting ofthese immediate contact with thefoundation structure shall
chemicals aregiven in,%rrex C. Persons carrying outchemical betreated attherateof7.5l/m2ofthevertical surface
soil treatment in accordance with tlds code should familiarize
ofthesub-structure foreach side. Ifwater isusedfor
themselves for these precautions and exercise due care when
handling thechemical whether inconcentrate orindiluted form. ramming theearthfill,thechemical treatment shallbe
The use of the chemical should be avoided where there isany carried out after the ramming operation is done by
risk ofwells orother water supplies becoming contaminated. rodding theearth at 150mm centres close toparallel
6 ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR tothewallsurfaceandsprayingthechemicalemulsion
BARRIER AND METHOD OF APPLICATION at the above dosage. After the treatment, the soil
should be tamped in place. The earth is usually
6.1 Conditions ofFormation
returnedinlayers andthetreatment shallbecarriedout
Barrier shall be complete and continuous under the in similar stages. The chemical emulsion shall be
wholeofthestructuretobeprotected. Allfoundations directedtowardsthemasonrysurfacessothattheearth
shailbefully surrounded byandinclosecontact with incontact with these surfaces is well treated with the
thebarrierortreated soil. Eachpartoftheareatreated chemical (seeFig, 2and3).
shallreceive theprescribed dosage ofchemical.
7.3 Treatment for RCC Foundations and Basement
*
6.2 Time ofApplication
7.3.1 The treatment described in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2
Soil treatment should start when foundation trenches applies essentially to masonry foundations where
andpitsarereadytotakemassconcrete infoundations. therearevoids inthejoints through whichtermitesare
Laying of mass concrete should start when the able to seek entry into buildings. Hence the

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IS 6313 (Part 2) :2001 --
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foundations require to be completely enveloped by a building be graded on completion of building, this ,
,,i,
chemical barrier. InthecaseofRCCfoundations, the treatment shouldbecarried outoncompletion ofsuch .— ..
.,..
concrete is dense being a 1:2:4 (cement: fine grading.
aggregates: coarse aggregates, by volume) mix or .1
7.6.1 In the event of filling being more than
richer, the termites are unable to penetrate it, it is
300mm,theexternal perimeter treatment shallextend
therefore, unnecessary to start the treatment from the
to thefull depth of filling upto the ground level soas
bottom of excavations. The treatment shall start at a
toensure continuity of thechemical barrier.
depth of500mmbelow theground levelexcept when
such ground level is raised or lowered by filling or 7.7 Treatment of Soil Under Apron Along
cutting after the foundations have been cast. In such
External Perimeter of Building
cases, thedepth of 500 mm shall bedetermined from
the new soil level resulting from thefilling or cutting Top surface of the consolidated earth over which the
mentioned above,andsoilinimmediate contact with apron is to be laid shall be treated with chemical
the vertical surfaces of RCC foundations shall be emulsion attherateof5l/m2of the surface before the
treated atthe rate of 7.5 I/m*. The other details shall apron is laid. If consolidated earth does not allow
beaslaiddown in7.2.2 (seeFig. 4). emulsion to seep through, holes up to 50 to 75 mm
deep at 150mmcentres both ways maybemade with
7.4 Treatment of Top Surface of Plinth Filling
12 mm diameter mild steel rod on the surface to
Thetopsurface oftheconsolidated earthwithinplinth facilitate saturation of the soil with the chemical
walls shall be treated with chemical emulsion at the emulsion (seeFig. 3).
rate of 5 l/m2of the surface before the sand bed or
7.8 Treatment of Walls Retaining Soil Above
sub-grade is laid. If the filled earth has been well
Floor Level
rammed and the surface does not allow the emulsion
to seep through, holes up to 50 to 75 mm deep at Retaining wallslikethebasement wallsorouter walls
150mmcentres both waysmaybe made with 12mm abovethefloorlevelretaining soilneedtobeprotected
diameter mild steel rod on the surface to facilitate byproviding chemical barrier bytreatment ofretained
saturation ofthe soilwith thechemical emulsion. soil in the immediate vicinity of the wall, so as to
prevententryoftermites through thevoidsinmasonry,
7.5 Treatment at Junction of the Wall and the
cracksandcrevices, etcabovethefloor level. The soil
Floor
retained by the walls shall be treated at the rate of
Speciai care shall be taken to establish continuity of 7.5 l/m2 of the vertical surface so as to effect a
thevertic*Ichernic?lbarrieroninnerwallsurfacefrom continuous outer chemical barrier, in continuation
ground level (where ithadstopped withthetreatment with thatof theone formed under 7.2.
described in 7.2.2) up to the level of the filled earth
surface. To achieve this, a small channel 30mm x 7.9 Treatment of Soil Surrounding Pipes, Wastes
30 mm shall be made at all the j unctions of wall and and Conduits
columns with the floor (before lay i ng the sub-grade)
When pipes, wastes and conduits enter the soilinside
the rod holes made in the channel up to the ground
theareaofthefoundations, soil surrounding thepoint
level 150mm apart andtheironrod moved backward
ofentryshallbeloosenedaroundeachsuchpipe,waste
and forward to break up the earth and chemical
orconduit for adistance of 150mm and toadepth of
emulsion poured along the wall atthe rate of7.5l/m2
75 mm before treatment is commenced. When they
ofvertical wallorcolumn surface soastosoakthesoil
enterthesoilexternal tothefoundations, they shallbe
right to the bottom. The soil should be tamped back
similarly treated at adistance of over 300 mm unless
into place after theoperation.
they stand clear of the walls of the building by about
7.6 Treatment of Soil Along External Perimeter of 75mm.
Building
7.10 Treatment for Expansion Joints
After the building is complete, the earth along the
Expansion joints at ground floor level are one of the
external perimeter of thebuilding should berodded at
biggest hazards for termite infestation. The soil
intervals of 150 mm and to adepth of 300 mm. The
beneath thesejoints should receive special attention
rods should bemoved backward and forward parallel
when the treatment under 7.4 is carried out. This
tothewalltobreakuptheearthandchemicalemulsion
treatment shouldbesupplemented bytreating through
poured along thewallattherateof7.5l/m2ofvertical
the expansion joint after the sub-grade has been laid,
surfaces. After the treatment, the earth should be
attherateof2litresper linear metre.
tamped back into place. Should the earth outside the

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IS 6313 (Part 2) :2001 ..—J
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300
mm
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FIG.1 TREATMENOTFTRENCHBOTTOMANDSIDES
m FLOOR FINISH
TREATMENT FLOOR BASE
OPC> SANO BED/ SOL,ING etc
ILLING
FINISHED
GROUND LEVEL
;
~:j,’.” :.”:j--BACltFlLL I ‘
,,... ......“.’l B

-’ 1.
Stages ofTreatment
A - Bottom and Sides ofTrenches (see 7.2.1)
B – Backfill inImmediate Contact with Foundation Walk (see 7.2.2)
C - Junction ofWall and Floor (see 75)
D - TopSurface ofPlinth Filling (see 7.4)
E - External Perimeter ofBuilding (see7.6)
FIG.2 TREATMENFTORMASONRYFOUNDATIONWSITHOUTAPRON

4
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IS 6313 (Part 2) :2001
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Stages afTreatment
A – Bottom and Sides ofTrenches (see 7.2.1)
B– f3acktlll inImmediate Con tact with Foundation Walls (see 7.2.2)

c– Junction ofWall and Floor (see 7.S)
D- TopSurface ofPlinth Filling ( see 7.4)
E- External Perimeter ofBuilding (see 7.6)
F- Soil Below Apron (see 7.7)
FIG.3 TREATMENFTORMASONRYFOUNDATIONWSITH
APRONALONGEXTERNALPERIMETER