IS 4474: Textile Machinery - Glossary of Terms Relating to Drafting in Spinning Machinery

15 Pages·2003·1.3 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

इंटरनेट मानक
Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information
Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ”
Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 4474 (2003): Textile Machinery - Glossary of Terms
Relating to Drafting in Spinning Machinery [TXD 14:
Machinery for Fabric Manufacture]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 4474:2003
Ww%vm’m
ml–rR@iFF?r-mdT@mw_a

w-d%
Wwd?
( yK%w7)
Ym’7
Indian Standard
TEXTILE MACHINERY— GLOSSARY OF TERMS
RELATING TO DRAFTING IN SPINNING MACHINERY
(First Revision)
ICS 01.040.59;59.120.10

0 BIS2003
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

March 2003 Price Group 5
““1
Spinning Preparatory, Spinning and Doubling (Twisting) Machinery Sectional Committee, TX 15
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted bythe Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Spinning Preparatory, Spinning and Doubling (Twisting) Machinery Sectional Committee hadbeen approved
by the Textile Division Council.
This standard was firstpublished in 1967with the intention ofeliminating ambiguity and confusion arising from
local interpretations ofterms relating to drafting inspinning machinery.
Inthis standard, thelatestdevelopments indrafting systemhavebeen incorporated tobring itinlinewiththe latest
spinning systemprevailing intheindustry. Considerable assistance hasbeenderived from 1S0 2205:1975 ‘Textile
machinery and accessories —Drafting arrangements for spinning machines —Terminology’ issued by the
International Organization for Standardization (1S0).
The composition ofthe Committee responsible for the formulation ofthis standard isgiven inAnnex A.

..
.*.,....
IS 4474:2003
Indian Standard
TEXTILE MACHINERY— GLOSSARY OF TERMS
RELATING TO DRAFTING IN SPINNING MACHINERY
(First Revision)
1SCOPE roller (ordelivery roller), then second, third and
fourth: The lastdrafting roller isconsidered as
1.1Thisstandardprescribesdefinitionsoftermsrelating the back roller (or feed roller).
to drafting inspinning machinery.
b) All the bottom rollers shall be designated with
1.1.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions Roman numerals, such as I,H,III, IV.
relatingtodratling havebeengivenunderthefollowing c) Al!thetoprollers shallbedesignated byI-Iindu-
sixgroups: Arabic numerals, such as 1, 2, 3, 4. In the
a) Drafting system, designation of slipdrafi roller, there should.be
an additional, small letter, such as a,b, c, after
b) Numbering ofthe drafting rollers,
the numeral designation (for example, 2a).
c) Pressure devices for the drafting system,
d) The drafting system should always be
d) Individual parts of drafting system,
represented insuchaway thatthe sliver orrove
e) Length of drafting zone, and of fibres isfed from the right.
t) Types of drafting systems.
2.3 Pressure Devices for the Drafting System
2 DEFINITIONS 2.3.1 Pressure byCounter Weight
2.1 Drafting System — Partofthespinningmachinery
2.3.2 Pressure bySprings
for drafting a sliver or roving made out of natural or
man-made fibres or a blend of natural/man-made 2.3.3 Pneumatic Pressure
fibres, with or without twist between several pairs of
2.3,4 Hydraulic Pressure
rollers rotating at successively increasing circum-
ferential speeds. 2.3.5 Magnetic Pressure
2.1.1 Draft— Ratioofsurfacespeedofdeliveryrollers 2.3.6 Load on the Top Rollers-Load exerted on top
to the surface speed of feed rolle r s. roller (single or double boss) inkg.

2.2 Numbering of the Drafting Ro llers 2.3.7 Line ofPressure— Line of contact on which the
a) The rollers of a drafting system shall be pressure acts.
numbered in the direction opposite to the
2.4 Individual Parts of Drafting System
movement of the fibres (with the observer in
front ofthedrafting rollers), firstbeing thefront 2.4.1 See Fig. 1and Fig. 2.
~— TOTALDRAFTINGFIELD ---+
ROLLER
BOTTOMROLLERS(1,11,11A[NO[V) ‘LLER
FIG. 1 TYPICAL4-ROLLERDRAFTINGSYSTEM

1
,. .. ,.
IS 4474:2003
FRONTCONDENSER MIODLECONOENSER ROVINGORSLIVER GUIDE
(FLOATING)7 \ 7
----
.
n
#!rmuN
DAN —
TRAVERSE BAR FOR TRAVERSE BAR
“’=’ni’ ““.LEY
MIDDLECONOENSER FOR ROVINGOR SLIVER
FRONT CONDENSER BACK
DRAFTING4- L DRAFTING
ZONE
1+ ZONE ZONE
.
~ TOTALDRAFTING FIELO—~
FIci.2 TYPICAL4-ROLLER,DOUBLE-APRON,2-ZONEDRAFTINGSYSTEM
.-
;)
;1
2.4.2 Bottom Rollers— Fluted or knurled rollers, 2.4.4.3 Recessed toprolIer—Top roller with recessto
controlled and generally coupled together by screw drafi fibres lengthsgreater than the individual drafiing
threads over the whole length of the machine and zones (see Fig. 3).
positively driven.
2.4.5 GuidingofTopRollers— Thetoprollersareheld
2.4.2.1 Front (or delivery) bottom roller— Bottom and guided either laterally or by the central arm. For
roller situated atthe delivery ofthe dratling. central suspendedtoprollers, thetop armnotonly acts
as a support but also as a lever for imparting the
2.4.2.2 Intermediate bottom roller —Bottom roller
pressure. The top roller saddles can either be f~ed or
situated between the front andtheback bottom rollers.
adjustable (seeFig.4and Fig. 5).
2.4.2.3 Back (orfeed) bottom roller— Bottom roller
2.4.6 Traverse Bar—Bar with holes or condensers
over which the roving or sliver enters the drafting.
for guiding the roving or sliver fed and imparting a
reciprocating movement.
2.4.3 TopRollers—Rollersplacedontopofthebottom
rollers, which grip theroving orsliverbypressure and
2.4.7 Cradle— In case of apron drafting systems

guide ittowards the front roller.
cradles are employed for guiding the top and bottom

aprons(see Fig. 6).
2.4.3.1 Front (or delivety) top roller —Top roller
situated atthe delivery of the drafting.
2.5 Length ofDrafting Zone— Thedistancebetween
thepressure points ofanytwoadjacent pairs ofrollers,
2.4.3.2 Intermediate top roller— Top roller placed
whichhave different delivery, speeds.
between the front and back top rollers.
2.5.1 TotalDrafiingField— The distancebetween the
2.4.3.3 Slip draft roller— Top roller, whose weight is
feedand delivery points ofthe drafting system.
suchthat the fibres can slipone beside the other.
2.4.3.4 Back (orfeed) top roller—Top roller under 2.6 Types ofDrafting Systems—The varioussystems
arehere represented horizontally; positions other than
which the roving orsliver enters the drafting.
horizontal are possible in the actual machine. The
2.4.4 Typesof TopRollers (Single Boss orTwinBoss) drafiing system maybe inclined tothe horizontal.
2.4.4.1 Fixed-boss top roller-–The top roller in 2.6.1 2-Roller Drafting —The 2 top rollers exert
which the boss isfixed with respect to the axis of the pressure (seeFig. 7).
roller.
2.6.2 3-Roller Drafting — The 3 top rollers exert
2.4.4.2 Loose-boss top roller— The roller in which pressure (see Fig. 8).
the bosscan rotate independently aboutthe axisofthe
2.6.3 4-Roller Drafting— The 4 top rollers exert
arbour and of one ofthe following two types:
pressure (seeFig. 9).
a) With removable boss, and
2.6.44 Roller, 2-Zone Drajing—See Fig. 10.
b) With non-removable boss.

2
..
IS 4474:2003
2.6.5 Multiple-Zone Drafting— Drafting system 2.6.17 Double-Apron, 4-Roller Drafting —Drathg
containing several drafting zones one afler the other with 4 rows of rollers and top apron passing over top
(see Fig. 11). roller 2 and long bottom apron passing over bottom
roller 11,apron bar and atension pulley or cradle (see
2.6.6 3-Roller Drajiing with a Slip Drafi Roller —
Fig. 23).
System of drafting with 3rows ofrollers having aslip
draft roller 2aonthe intermediate bottom roller 11(see 2.6.18 Double-Apron, S=Roller Drafting — Dratling
Fig. 12). with 5rows of rollers and top apron passing over top
roller 2 and long bottom apron passing over bottom
2.6.7 5-Roller Drafiing with Slip Draft Rollers —The roller II, apron bar and atension pulley or cradle (see
front and back rollers are provided with top rollers
Fig. 24).
exerting pressure; but other three intermediate rollers
are slip drafl rollers (seeFig. 13). 2.6.19 5-RoIler, 2Double-Apron Drajling —Draf?ing
with 5rows of rollers having two top aprons passing
2.6.8 Doubie Pressure-Point Dra@ing CaIied3 on4— separately over intermediate top rollers 2 and 4 and
Drafling system in which the 2 intermediate bottom
two long bottom aprons passing separately over
rollers are provided with only one top rol}erexerting
intermediate bottom rollers 11and IV, apron bar and
pressure (seeFig. 14).
tension pulleys or cradles (see Fig. 25).
2.6.9 2-Double Pressure-Point Drafting— Drafiing 2.6.20 4-Roller, 2Double-Apron Drafiing —Drafting
system which has one front and one back roller with
with 4 rows of rollers having two top aprons passing
toproller inaddition tothe lower intermediate rollers,
separately. Intermediate top rolIers 2 and 4 and two
ofwhich each pair of bottom rollers has only one top
long bottom aprons passing separately over
roller (seeFig. 15).
intermediate bottom rollers 11and IV, apron bar and
tension pulleys or cradles (see Fig. 26).
2.6.10 3-Roller Single-Apron Drajiing— Draftingwith
3pairsofrollerswithalongbottomapronroundbottom
2.6.21 Rotating Funnel Drafiing — The arrangement
rollerII,apronbarandatensionpulleyorspring-loaded
contains afeedroller and adrafting roller over both of
cradle (see Fig. 16).
which there aretop rollers; between the two there isa
rotating fimnel and aguide plate (seeFig. 27).
2.6.11 4-Roller, Single-Apron Drafting —An
alternative to 2.6.10 but with 4 rows of rollers (see
2.6.22 Gill Pins Drafling —There are3rowsofrollers
Fig. }7).
withslipdraftrollerandneedle shapedgillpinssituated
between the fkontrollers and the intermediate rollers
2.6.12 4-Roller, Single-Apron Drafting with Several
(seeFig. 28).
Slip Draft Rollers —Drafting with 5 top rollers, 4
bottom rollers and longbottom apronpassing overtwo
2.6.23 Intersecting Gill Pins Drafting — There are 3
intermediate bottom rollers and a tension pulley or
rowsofrollers with slip draft rollers inthe middle; the

cradle and three intermediate slip draft rollers (see
double setofneedle like gillpins are situated between

Fig. 18).
thefront and intermediate rollers (see Fig, 29).
2.6.13 4-Roller, Double-Apron Drafiing — Dratling 2.6.243 Over 4 Drafting System —The middle top
with 4 rows of rollers having top apron guided by 2
pressure roller issupported ontwobottom rollers. The
intermediate toprollers andlongbottom apron passing
twobottom rollers arecarried inacommon cradle and
over2intermediate bottom rollers andatensionpulley
arenot adjustable relative to each other. Pressure bar
or cradle (seeFig. 19).
alsohelps inbetter fibre control (see Fig. 30).
2.6.14 Short Double-Apron Draj?ing — Drafting with 2.6.25 4 Over 3 Drajiing System— The 4th roller
3 rows of rollers having short top and bottom aprons
added to the 3 roller system, has somewhat lower
passing over themiddle row ofrollers and2tensors or
loading. Itactsasaguidetothedelivery roller directing
1double tensor (see Fig. 20).
the web in a curve around the groove roller (see
Fig. 31).
2.6.15 Double-Apron, 2-RolIer Drafting (Drafting in
One Zone) —Drafting with 2 rows of rollers having 2.6.265 Over 4Dra~ingSystem-Five rollers reston
top apron passing overbacktoproller andlongbottom
two largeandtwosmallnon-adjustable bottom rollers.
apron passing over back bottom roller, apronbaranda
The pressure rollers are suspended from two yokes.
tension pulley or cradle (see Fig. 21).
Drafiing iscarried out in field B (Break draft) and in
field A (Main draft). In the main drafting field, a
2.6.16 Double-Apron Drafting (Short Top Apron and
pressurebarensuresfm guidance particularly forshort
Long Bottom Apron) —Drafting with 3rowsofrollers
fibres. Thedrafting arrangement isaligned onacurve
andtopapronpassing overtoproller 2andlongbottom
resulting intheflowofmaterial from thevertical plane
apron passing over bottom roller II, apron bar and a
into ahorizontal (seeFig. 32).
tension pulley or cradle (see Fig. 22).

3
.
1
1S 4474:2003
FIG.3 RECESSEDTOPROLLER
FIG.6 CRADLE
---
T
=11=
E4
tj -
CENTRAL TOP
-4
WEIGHTING
DR:&T~NG
F4 ARM L
t;
FIG.7 2-ROLLERDRAFTING
FIG.4 CENTRALGUIDE

““T’NG*%a”
FRONT
FIG.8 3-ROLLERDRAFTING
FIG.5 LATERALGUIDE
+ TOTALDRAFTING FIELD+
FIG.9 4-ROLLERDRAFTING

4
..
-
*.A ---
IS 4474:2003
3 1
+
+
I
TOTAL DRAFTING FIELD TOTAL DRAFTING FIELD 4
FIG.10 4-ROLLER,2-ZONE DRAFTING FIG.14 DOUBLEPRESSURE-POINDTRAFTING
-TOTAL DRAFTING FIELD ,—4 F TOTALDRAFTINGFIELO--l
FIG. 11 MULTIPLE-ZONEDRAFTING FIG. 15 2-DOUBLEPRESSURE-POINDTRAFTING
3
*
WI
x$+

-@l TOTAL
DRAFTING FIELD t- k- TOTAL
DRAFTING FIEL~
FIG. 12 3-ROLLERDRAFTINGWITHASLIPDRAFT
ROLLER FIG. 16 3-ROLLER,SINGLE-APRONDRAFTING
~— TOTALORAFTINGFIELD-~
4 FRONT
OR;;WENG
1-
TOTAL DRAFTING FIELD 4
FIG.13 5-ROLLERDRAFTINGWITHASLIPDRAFT
ROLLER FIG. 17 4-ROLLER,SINGLE-APRONDRAFTING

5