IS 4461: Code of practice for joints in surface hydro-electric power stations

18 Pages·1998·1.7 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 4461 (1998): Code of practice for joints in surface
hydro-electric power stations [WRD 15: Hydroelectric Power
House Structures]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

CODEOFPRACTICEFORJOINTSINSURFACE
HYDROELECTRICPOWERSTATIONS
(S econd Revision )
ICS 27.140

0 BIS 1998
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

December 1998 Price Group 6
cirtceleordyH Power serutcurtS lanoitceS ,eettimmoC RVD 15
DROWEROF
sihT naidnI dradnatS ( dnoceS noisiveR ) was adopted yb the uaeruB of naidnI ,sdradnatS after the draft dezilanif
yb the cirtceleordyH Power serutcurtS lanoitceS eettimmoC had neeb devorppa yb the reviR yellaV noisiviD
.licnuoC
nI gningised egral etercnoc serutcurts of ecafrus cirtceleordyh power ,snoitats noitaredisnoc si ot eb nevig ot
etairporppa gninoitisop of stnioj ni the .etercnoc Proper noitacol of stnioj setatilicaf noitcurtsnoc work dna
stneverp ylthgisnu or evitcurtsed gnikcarc of the .erutcurts stnioJ ni the power noitats serutcurts are osla deriuqer
ot esilanoitces tnereffid parts of the emas erutcurts ,hcihw elihw ni ecivres yam yllufmrah timsnart ot each other
yrotarbiv stresses or ,stsurht fi ton separated, or yam eb detcejbus ot laitnereffid .stnemelttes ehT tnemegnarra
of niam stinu ni cirtceleordyh power snoitats setatissecen the ngised of ,gnol worran sgnidliub hcihw eriuqer
stnioj ton ylno ot tneverp elbanoitcejbo ,gnikcarc tub osla ot wolla for noisnapxe dna ot erusne tsniaga
tnemngilasim of yrenihcam that dluow esiwrehto tluser morf larutcurts .noitrotsid
sihT dradnats was tsrif dehsilbup ni 1967 dna yltneuqesbus desiver ni 1979. ehT noisiver of siht dradnats has
neeb nekat pu ni the thgil of ecneirepxe deniag gnirud the esu of siht .dradnats ehT rojam segnahc ni siht noisiver
are noisulcni of lynivylop edirolhc water spots edihplusylop desab stnalaes for noisnapxe .stnioj ehT other
segnahc ni siht noisiver are snoitidda gnidrager tnereffid sepyt of water spots dna the noitceles of rieht epyt dna
.ezis
roF the esoprup of gnidiced whether a ralucitrap tnemeriuqer of siht dradnats si deilpmoc htiw the lanif ,eulav
devresbo or ,detaluclac gnisserpxe the tluser of a test or ,sisylana llahs eb dednuor off ni ecnadrocca htiw
SI 2 : 1960 seluR‘ for gnidnuor off laciremun seulav .‘)desiver( ehT rebmun of tnacifingis secalp deniater ni the
dednuor off eulav dluohs eb the emas as that of the deificeps eulav ni siht .dradnats
IS 4461: 1998
Indian Standard
CODEOFPRACTICEFORJOINTSINSURFACE
HYDROELECTRICPOWERSTATIONS
(S econd Revision )
1 SCOPE 3 TERMINOLOGY
sihT dradnats srevoc the ,noitacol ,ngised noitcurtsnoc
3.0 roF the esoprup of siht ,dradnats the gniwollof
dna gnifoorpretaw stnemegnarra of lla sepyt of stnioj
snoitinifed llahs ylppa [see osla SI 4410 (Part .])OI
ot eb dedivorp ni ecafrus cirtceleordyh power .snoitats
3.1 erutcurts-buS
2 REFERENCES
ehT naidnI sdradnatS detsil woleb are yrassecen ehT noitrop of erutcurts of power noitats gnidnetxe
stcnujda ot siht dradnats : morf the mottob of the draft epyt mottob bals pu ot the
top of draft ebut top .bals
SI No. Title
73 : 1992 noitacificepS for gnivap nemutib 3.2 Intermediate Structure
dnoces( revision) ehT noitrop of erutcurts of power noitats gnidnetxe
216 : 1961 noitacificepS for laoc tar hctip tsrif( morf the top of draft ebut top bals ot the rotareneg roolf
revision) gnitsisnoc of speed gnir dna sti ,troppus the rotareneg
gnitroppus lerrab dna the etercnoc dnuora the larips
702 : 1988 noitacificepS for lairtsudni nemutib
gnisac dna suoirav .sroolf
dnoces( revision)
1838 noitacificepS for demroferp srellif 3.3 Superstructure
(Part 1) : 1983 for noisnapxe stnioj ni etercnoc
ehT noitrop of erutcurts of power noitats gnidnetxe
stnemevap dna serutcurts non( -xe
morf rotareneg roolf thgir pu ot the top roof gnidulcni
gnidurt dna tneiliser :)epyt Part 1
yrtnag ,snmuloc ,sllaw etc.
nemutiB detangerpmi erbif (first
revision) 4 INFORMATION REQUIRED
:9073 1966 citsaM tnemec for gniddeb of latem
swodniw roF gninnalp a yrotcafsitas tnemegnarra of stnioj dna
rieht gnifoorpretaw stnemegnarra the gniwollof data
4326 : 1993 Code of ecitcarp for ekauqhtrae
llahs yllamron eb :elbaliava
tnatsiser ngised dna noitcurtsnoc of
>a
snalP at tnereffid slevel dna snoitces of the
sgnidliub (second revision)
power snoitats dna tnecajda ,serutcurts fi ,yna
4410 yrassolG of smret gnitaler ot revir
gnivig etelpmoc noitamrofni tuoba the -isopsid
(Part 10) : 1988 yellav :stcejorp Part 10 -ordyH
noit dna noitasilitu of lla the roolf ;secaps
cirtcele power noitats gnidulcni b) tuoyaL nalp of the power noitats area htiw
water rotcudnoc metsys yirst slevel dna ;sruotnoc
revision) )c retaW slevel nevig woleb llahs eb :nwonk
12118 noitacificepS for two parts -lusylop )i mumixaM retawliat level or tsehgih
edihp desab :stnalaes maertsnwod doolf ;level
(Part 1) : 1987 Part 1 lareneG stnemeriuqer )ii lamroN retawliat ;level
(Part 2) : 1987 Part 2 Method of tests )iii dnuorG water ;level dna
)vi maertspU water ,level fi ;elbacilppa
12200 : 1987 noisivorP of water spots at
4 elbaliavA noitcurtsnoc tnempiuqe dna
esrevsnart dna noitcartnoc stnioj ni
ecneuqes of noitcurtsnoc dna noitcere of
yrnosam dna etercnoc smad
;yrenihcam
13143 : 1991 noitacificepS for gnilaes stnioj ni )e eloheroB sgol of power esuoh tip gniwohs
etercnoc gninil no slanac - gnilaeS strata ot eb deretnuocne morf ecafrus ot -nuof
dnuopmoc noitad level :

I
_
IS 4461: 1998
0 Heat of noitardyh of tnemec ot eb ;desu c) ot esiminim the effect of tniartser dna -arepmet
g) mumixaM dna muminim yliad erutarepmet at erut esir of the etercnoc after tnemecalp ,hcihw
noitcurtsnoc ;etis ni ,nrut secuder the stnuoma of egaknirhs
)h erutarepmeT egnar ni doirep gnirud hcihw ;tnemecrofnier dna
etercnoc si proposed ot eb ;deruop )d ot niatniam larutcurts ytiunitnoc -ecrofnier
3 erutarepmeT egnar of the gniruc ;retaw tnem nrettap llahs ton eb .debrutsid laicepS
k) ytitnauQ of etercnoc that yam yltneinevnoc eb sisahpme llahs eb nevig yb the ,rengised elihw
deruop at a ;hcterts dna gniraperp deliated gniward of hcus .stnioj
lm launnA llafniar dna sti mumixam .ytisnetni
5.1.2 Contraction Joints
5 TYPES OF JOINTS
esehT are dedivorp ot etanimile elisnet stresses eud ot
5.1 morF the tniop of weiv of ,ytilitu the stnioj as egaknirhs dna are ylnommoc desu where erutarepmet
snoitairav are llams dna where there si on doohilekil
dedivorp ni power snoitats yam eb deifissalc as nevig
of noisnapxe hcus as spaces woleb water dna earth
ni 5.1.1to5.1:6.
slevel dna desopxenu ot .erehpsomta tA noitcartnoc
5.1.1 Construction Joints stnioj the tnemecrofnier si deunitnocsid dna dnob si
ton dewolla ot poleved neewteb the tnioj faces ybereht
noitcurtsnoC stnioj are decudorp yb gnicalp fresh gnicudortni a larutcurts .ytiunitnocsid A noitcartnoc
etercnoc tsniaga ecafrus of denedrah .etercnoc tnioj osla sevres as a noitcurtsnoc tnioj so far as kaerb
noitcurtsnoC stnioj are yllareneg tub ton ,ylirassecen ni the gniruop of etercnoc si .denrecnoc
lacitrev or .latnoziroh nI rehtie case, the
tnemecrofnier leets llahs eb deunitnoc across the tnioj 5.1.3 Expansion Joints
dna care llahs eb nekat ot niatbo good dnob neewteb esehT are dedivorp rehtie ot yletelpmoc etanimile or
the two stnemecalp of .etercnoc Shear syek yam osla ot yltnacifingis ecuder evisserpmoc stresses ni
eb dedivorp ni. cases where yvaeh shear desuac yb etercnoc that dluow esiwrehto tluser morf lamreht
laretal sdaol si ot eb detsiser yb the tnioj (see .giF 1). noisnapxe dna thgim hsurc elkcub or crack parts of the
sihT epyt of ,tnioj ylsuoivbo does ton ecudortni yna .erutcurts noisnapxE stnioj evres the esoprup of
larutcurts .ytiunitnocsid ehT noitcurtsnoc stnioj are noitcartnoc dna osla noitcurtsnoc .stnioj
yrassecen ot :tius
a) the noitcurtsnoc ecneuqes gnidneped nopu the 5.1.4 Control Joints
ytilibaliava of lacinahcemordyh dna esehT are dedivorp at secalp where the gnikcarc si
lacirtceleordyh ;tnempiuqe .elbativeni senalP of sessenkaew are decudortni yb the
)b the elbaliava noitcurtsnoc ;tnempiuqe noisivorp of lortnoc stnioj so that the gnikcarc takes
EXTERIOFi FACE
/

-w .

/- NEW CONCRETE
F
- OLP CONCRETE
HATER STOP USED IN HORIZONTAL
CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
ETON
1 Take Take a = b
A = s for equal shear strength on portions a and b. for average wall thickness.
2 For walls more than 2-metre thick, provide one or more keys.
.GIF 1 TYPICALDETAILSOFSHEAR KEY

2
IS 4461: 1998
ecalp gnola these stnioj daetsni of gniwolla ti ot 6.2.1.2 noitcurtsnoC stnioj for the draft ebut renil llahs
poleved ni a haphazard .rennam eb so detacol as ot wolla for tneiciffus gnikrow space
neewteb the renil dna the etercnoc ydaerla .decalp
5.1.5 Separation Joints
6.2.1.3 noitcurtsnoC tnioj llahs eb dedivorp ni &aft
ehT secalp where the noisnapxe of the erutcurts si ton ebut sreip raen rieht noitcnuj htiw the draft ebut roof
expected tub these are deriuqer ot eb kept yllarutcurts bals woleb( the ,stellif fi .)dedivorp
separate so that stresses, ,snoitarbiv etc, are ton
derrefsnart morf eno erutcurts ot the gniniojda 6.2.2 Contraction Joints
,erutcurts a noitarapes tnioj llahs eb .dedivorp ekiL ecniS the epyt of tnioj secudortni a larutcurts
noisnapxe ,tnioj a gap si dedivorp ni noitarapes tnioj ytiunitnocsid ni a ,rebmem rieht noitacol si yliramirp
,osla tub siht si ton expected ot eb desu pu yb the tnedneped nopu the epyt of larutcurts ngised that si ot
noisnapxe of .srebmem eb adopted.
ehT-ETON gnicaps fo eseht stnioj seod ton yllamron deecxe
5.1.6 Settlement Joints
5.3 m tpecxe ni rewop snoitats htiw llarevo htgnei fo tuoba 54 .m
serutcurtS hcihw are ylekil ot elttes htiw respect ot sti 6.2.3 Expansion Joints
tnecajda serutcurts llahs eb separated yb a tnemelttes
noisnapxE stnioj are yllamron ton deriuqer ni the
tnioj so that the esrevda effects of laitnereffid
erutcurts-bus esuaceb siht noitrop sniamer dednuorrus
tnemelttes are .detaivbo tI si ekil na noisnapxe tnioj
yb water dna erutarepmet esir si ton .ylekil semitemoS
tub htiw a tnereffid gnilaes .tnemegnarra
noisnapxe stnioj are dedivorp neewteb the draft ebut
6 LOCATION OF JOINTS noitrop of the two tnecajda stinu gnidurtorp edistuo the
power noitats gnidliub dna osla ni the erutcurts-bus
6.1 General neewteb tnecajda stinu fi the noitcurtsnoc doirep si
.egral
stnioJ ni power snoitats are yllareneg dedivorp
neewteb tnereffid ,stinu snoitces of a gnidliub gnivah 6.2.4 Separation Joints
ediw noitairav ni cross ;snoitces at snoitcnuj neewteb nI case the power noitats erutcurts si detacol
snoitrop tliub no tnereffid ;snoitadnuof at selgna suounitnoc htiw the mad a noitarapes tnioj llahs eb
neewteb egral snoitrop of sgnidliub gnirrucco ni T-L
dedivorp neewteb the mad dna the power esuoh
dna epahs-U ;serutcurts where sllaw are denekaew yb .erutcurts tI yam osla eb dedivorp neewteb enihcam
;sgninepo dna where ti. si yrassecen ot tpurretni the
llah dna ecivres yraillixua/yab .kcolb
tnemecalp of etercnoc rehtie morf the snoitaredisnoc
6.3 noitacoL of stnioJ ni etaidemretnI erutcurtS
of noitcurtsnoc ytilicaf or evissecxe erutarepmet
stresses. noitceleS or exact noitisop of tnioj si 6.3.1 Construction Joints
denrevog yb larutcurts dna lanoitcurtsnoc
latnoziroH dna lacitrev noitcurtsnoc stnioj are
.stnemeriuqer
yllareneg dedivorp as detatcid yb the ecneuqes of
6.2 Location of Joints in Sub - structure noitcurtsnoc as tsniaga the noitcere eludehcs of the

.enihcam
6.2.1 Construction Joints
6.3.1.1 nI case of etercnoc larips ,gnisac the sllaw of
esehT are denrevog yb the tnetxe ot hcihw suounitnoc larips gnisac are niht srebmem as derapmoc ot the
gnitercnoc yam eb enod gnipeek ni weiv the ecneuqes ssam etercnoc gniyl tsuj woleb .ti oS siht etercnoc
of noitcurtsnoc dna that the erutarepmet stresses are yam eb detcejbus ot elbaredisnoc latnoziroh stresses
kept rednu .lortnoc ylgnidroccA a tfil llahs yllamron eud ot tniartser morf .woleb oT diova siht gniwollof
eb kept as 1.5 m dna htgnel of laudividni snoitces ot secitcarp are :dednemmocer
eb dleh ot a mumixam of tuoba 15 m or as detatcid yb a) tsriF ruop of etercnoc ni larips gnisac sllaw
the tinu yab .snoisnemid lacitreV noitcurtsnoc stnioj llahs eb decalp ni evif ,snoitces three -tsisnoc
dedivorp ni two evisseccus stfil llahs eb staggered. gni of the lartnec noitrop of the maertsnwod
ETON - fI eht htdiw fo tinu yab si erom naht 51 ,m ti yam eb llaw dna the maertspu flah of the dne sllaw are
elbarised ot yal eht etercnoc ni eht elohw htdiw ta a hcterts dna decalp .tsrif ,nehT yletamixorppa after espal
gnitimil eht htgnel fo eht pirts ni esrevsnart snoitcerid os taht eht
of eno week, the yvaeh renroc snoitces llahs eb
emulov fo etercnoc ot eb dial ta a hcterts si ton .evissecxe
.decalp ,ylrallimiS the roof llahs eb dedivid ni
6.2.1.1 ehT tsrif latnoziroh stnioj ni ,egral yvaeh sbals 8 reip shaped stnemges dna ruof ni etisoppo
at noitadnuof level llahs yllausu eb kept as 0.75 m ot sriap llahs eb decalp ylsuoenatlumis eno week
1 m dna neht at 1.5 .m llA stfil llahs eb decalp at after noitelpmoc of work. retfA eno erom
muminim 3 syad slavretni tub 5 syad llahs eb preferred week the ruof gninevretni stnemges llahs eb
for 1.5 m .stfil decalp .ylsuoenatlumis

3
IS 4461: 1998
)b etercnoC for the eritne noitces llahs eb decalp eb dedivorp at those secalp where the two srebmem
ni stfil of tuoba 60 ot 75 mc dna latnoziroh are ot eb kept yllarutcurts separate.
noitcurtsnoc stnioj llahs eb dedivorp neewteb
6.3.5 Control Joints
each .tfil
nI case of etercnoc lerrab gnitroppus the ,rotareneg
6.3.1.2 nI case of leets larips sgnisac the gnitercnoc
laitnerefmucric cracks yllamron poleved dna ni order
llahs eb enod ni a rennam ralimis ot that deificeps
ot check that these cracks do ton poleved ni a
ni 6.3.1.1 except that lanoitidda snoituacerp llahs eb
haphazard ,rennam ralucric latnoziroh lortnoc stnioj
nekat ot diova noitrotsid of deddebme parts dna
yam eb dedivorp ot tcirtser rieht .noitacol
egaknirhs of etercnoc yawa morf gniraeb .secafrus
gnitercnoC ni the elbisseccani snoitrop rednu the larips 6.4 Location of Joints in Superstructure
gnisac llahs eb enod rehtie hguorht J-shaped sepip
gnidnetxe rednu the larips gnisac or hguorht sgninepo 6.4.1 Construction Joints
tfel ni the speed .gnir
No cificeps secalp yam eb deificeps ni the
6.3.2 Contraction Joints erutcurtsrepus where the noitcurtsnoc stnioj llahs eb
,dedivorp ,revewoh these are denrevog yb the tnetxe
esehT llahs eb dedivorp at secalp where the larutcurts
ot hcihw suounitnoc gnitercnoc yam eb .enod
ytiunitnocsid si deriuqer ot eveiler elisnet stresses eud
ot .egaknirhs ehT noitacol of hcus stnioj lliw eb 6.4.1.1 latnoziroH stnioj ni sllaw yam eb spaced morf
dediced yb the .srengised 1.5 ot 3 m gnidneped nopu secnatsid neewteb skcabtes
for seats for roolf .sbals lacitreV stnioj yam ton
6.3.3 Expansion Joints
yllareneg eb yrassecen where sllaw are detpecretni yb
ehT lacitrev noitcartnoc or noisnapxe stnioj fi snmuloc htiw noitcurtsnoc stnioj ni .neewteb nI case
dedivorp ni the erutcurts-bus llahs eb deunitnoc ni the there are yna gnol suounitnoc etercnoc ,sllaw lacitrev
etaidemretni erutcurts as noisnapxe .stnioj nI case on noitcurtsnoc stnioj ylbatius staggered ni evisseccus
noisnapxe or noitcartnoc stnioj are dedivorp ni the stfil yb at tsael 30 mc llahs eb dedivorp at lavretni of
erutcurts-bus neewteb two tinu syab or tinu yab dna 10 ot 20 m dna etairporppa emit lavretni llahs eb
ecivres ,yab noisnapxe stnioj yam eb dedivorp ni the dedivorp neewteb tnemecalp of tnecajda .skcolb
etaidemretni erutcurts at the noitcnuj of two tnecajda
tinu syab or tinu yab dna ecivres .yab 6.4.1.2 noitcurtsnoC stnioj at sgninepo llahs eb
detacol as nwohs ni .giF 2 ni order ot diova renroc
6.3.4 Separation Joints cracks eud ot tnemelttes of fresh etercnoc at the sedis
noitarapeS stnioj yam eb dedivorp neewteb the of llaw .sgninepo erehW noitcurtsnoc stnioj are ton
rotareneg troppus dna the sroolf gniyl evoba the ,desu tnemecalp of llaw etercnoc llahs eb deunitnocsid
enibrut roolf so that the snoitarbiv of the senihcam are for a doirep of 1 ot 2 h or as gnol as elbacitcarp tuohtiw
ton dettimsnart ot these .sroolf esehT stnioj llahs osla gnisuac dloc .stnioj

-CONSTRUCTION JOINT
-OPTIONAL CONSTRUCTION
JOINT
.
min.
1
O-6
-f-
All dimensions inm illimetres.
FIG. 2 TYPKAL LOCATIONO F CONSTRUCTIONJO INTSA T OPENINGS

4
IS 4461: 1998
6.4.2 Contraction Joints / TOSPL AOBFS TORRU CBTEUARMA L
ehT noitcartnoc tnioj llahs eb dedivorp at secalp where
larutcurts ytiunitnocsid si derised gnidneped nopu the
epyt of tnemegnarra of tnereffid parts dna rieht .ngised
esehT stnioj llahs eb ylevitceffe water proofed so that
niar water does ton seep hguorht .meht
6.4.3 Expansion Joints WITH KEY
,yllareneG ti si tneinevnoc ot dnetxe the noisnapxe
TOP OF STRUCTURAL
tnioj of the etaidemretni erutcurts thgir pu ot the top. SLAB OR BEAM
ESS STEEL
6.4.4 Control Joints
lortnoC stnioj llahs eb dedivorp at the sgninepo ni the
sllaw for doors dna .swodniw
7 DETAILS OF JOINTS
WITH WATER STOP
7.1 Construction Joints
nI noitcurtsnoc tnioj ti si yrassecen that there llahs eb
dnob neewteb the dlo dna the fresh .etercnoc Proper
stnemegnarra ,llahs therefore, eb edam ot ekam the PVC/METAL (COPPERISTAINLE :ss srL-+L
WATER STOP
dnob evitceffe (see also 6.2.1).
7.1.1 ehT yam’dnob eb edam evitceffe yb gniraelc the KEY OFF CENTRE TO ALLOW
WATER STOP
dlo ecafrus rehtie yb ria water tej for neerg gnittuc or
yb dnas gnitsalb fi the rewol reyal of etercnoc si erom EXTERIOR FACE
naht three syad .dlo A 5 mm kciht reyal of tnemec
WITH WATER STOP
ratrom (of the emas xim as for )etercnoc llahs eb neht AND KEY
decalp revo the ecafrus erofeb gniyal fresh .etercnoc ETON - Heighot f bals 11~ llahs eb tneiciffus rof mottob fo
yab ro pots ot raelc bals ro maeb tnemecrofnier yb 52 mm
7.1.2 roF latnoziroh noitcurtsnoc stnioj on slewod are
.muminim
yrassecen for proper ,dnob fi the ecafrus si ylreporp
prepared, ni ecnadrocca htiw 7.1.1, whether ti si nialp .GIF 3 TYPICALD ETAILSO F HORIZONTAL
or decrofnier .etercnoc fI the erutcurts si elbail ot CONSTRUCTIONJO INTI N WALLS
citatsordyh forces neht the slewod llahs eb dedivorp ot
7.3 Expansion Joints
yrrac the lluf citatsordyh erusserp sunim the thgiew of
etercnoc no top gnidivorp proper dnob shtgnel ni each nI order ot edivorp na noisnapxe tnioj a space yllausu
.tfil lacipyT syek as nwohs ni .giF 3 llahs eb dedivorp 12 ot 25 mm llahs eb tfel neewteb the etercnoc tnioj
where these evah ot tsiser yvaeh shears desuac yb faces ot timrep .noisnapxe

laretal .sdaol nI case of lacitrev ,stnioj lacitrev gaps
noitarapeS of gniniojda serutcurts or parts of the emas
are elbissop no tnuocca of egaknirhs of etercnoc dna
erutcurts si deriuqer for serutcurts gnivah tnereffid
ti si dednemmocer that slewod at the rate of 3 ot 6 12mc
latot sthgieh or yerots sthgieh dna tnereffid cimanyd
2m area yam eb .dedivorp fI there si a stress noitidnoc
.scitsiretcarahc sihT si ot diova noisulloc gnirud na
ni lacitrev ,tnioj neht these slewod llahs eb dengised
.ekauqhtrae fI the sthgieh of the gniniojda serutcurts
ot yrrac the elohw stress gnitaert the tnioj as cracked
are the emas gnivah ralimis cimanyd ,scitsiretcarahc
.noitces ,revewoH ni case of decrofnier ,etercnoc for
the gaps deen ton eb rediw naht what si deriuqer at
htob latnoziroh dna lacitrev ,stnioj the tnemecrofnier
noisnapxe ,stnioj where the gniniojda serutcurts evah
of the suoiverp tnemecalp llahs eb deunitnoc hguorht
tnereffid latot sthgieh of yerots sthgieh dna where the
gnitca as .slewod
cimanyd scitsiretcarahc are detamitse ot eb
7.2 Contraction Joints ylbaicerppa ,tnereffid muminim htdiw of noitarapes
tnioj llahs mrofnoc ot SI 4326. noitarapeS stnioj
noitcartnoC tnioj llahs ecudortni larutcurts dedivorp as nevig evoba lliw evres the esoprup of
ytiunitnocsid neewteb the serutcurts no hcihw ti si noisnapxe tnioj .osla
.dedivorp sihT yam eb enod yb gnitercnoc no eno edis
of the tnioj tsrif dna after the mrof si devomer morf the 7.3.1 Expansion Joint Filler
tnioj face after gniylppa a coat of gnilaes dnuopmoc ehT tnioj rellif hcihw si demrofrep lairetam [see SI
gnimrofnoc ot SI 13143 ot tneverp noisehda of 1838 (Part 1)] yam eb deruces ot lacitrev etercnoc
etercnoc decalp tsniaga .ti yb slian ni the tsrif decalp .etercnoc ehT tnioj rellif

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