IS 15200: Hydrogen Sulphide--Code of Safety

12 Pages·2002·1.2 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

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IS 15200 (2002): Hydrogen Sulphide--Code of Safety. ICS
13.300 : 71.060.99
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
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IS 15200 : 2002
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Indian Standard
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE - CODE OF SAFETY
Ies 13.300~ 71.060.99
© BIS 2002
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
September 2002
Price Group 3
Industrial Safety and Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee, CHD 8
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau ofIndian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Industrial
Safety and Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
Hydrogen sulphide is found in volcanic gases and in many spring waters. As a product of putrefaction of
su Iphur containing decaying organic material, it is present in sewer gas and also liberates from waste water of
tanneries, glue factories and fertilizer plants. l·t is a[so liberated as a by-product of de-hairing and tanning
process. The unpleasant smell of putrefied hides and rotten eggs is partly due to this gas. Exposure to hydrogen
sulphide may occur in the production of viscose rayon, sulphur dyes, sulphur, oleum and coke from coal containing
high sulphur content.The atmosphere usually contains a trace of this gas. It is an important raw material for
producing sulphur and thio-organic compounds. Since long, it is extensively used in the qualitative analysis. It
is also used in production of heavy water.
There is no ISO standard on this subject. In the preparation of this Code of safety, considerable assistance has
been derived ftom the following pUblications:
a) Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-36, Hydrogen Sulphide - Manufacturing Chemists Association,
Washington.
b) Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials by Irving Sax Vlth Edition.
c) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, US Department of Health, Education and Welfare:
Criteria for a Recommended Standard on Occupational Exposure to Hydrogen Sulphide, HEW
Publication No. (NIOSH) 77-158.
d) Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology - Ulman, 6th Edition.
The composition of the Committee responsible for fonnulation of this standard is given at Annex A.
IS 15200 : 2002
Indian Standard
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE - CODE OF SAFETY
1 SCOPE 4.2.2 Boiling Point - -60.4°C.
This standard covers properties of hydrogen sulphide, 4.2.3 Melting Point - -85.53 °C
the nature of hazards associated with it and essential
4.2.4 Specific Gravity - (18°C/4°C) - 1.54.
infonnation of personal protective equipment, storage,
handling, labelling, transport, spillage/leakage, fire 4.2.5 Vapour Density (Air = 1) - 1.189.
prevention and fire fighting, training and health
4.2.6 Density of Saturated Liquid - 774 kg/m3 at
mon itoring and fIrSt aid.
21.1°e.
2 REFERENCES 4.2.7 Density of Saturated Vapour - 31 .04 kglm 3 at
21.1°C.
The following Indian Standards contain provisions
which through reference in this text, constitute 4.2.8 Vapour Pressure - 20 atm at 25°C.
provisions of this standard. At the time of publication,
4.2.9 Critical Temperature - lOO.4°C.
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are
subject to revision, and parties to agreements based 4.2.10 Critical Pressure - 88.9 atm.
on this standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the 4.2.11 Critical Density - 349 kglm3•
standards indicated below: 4.2.12 Physical Status
IS No. Title Gaseous at ordinary temperature but may exist as
4155: 1966 Glossary of terms rel-ating to liquid at low temperature and high pressure.
chemical and radiation hazards and
4.2.13 Solubility
hazardous chemicals
4167: 1980 Glossary of terms relating to air Slightly soluble in cold water, 0.32 percent maximum
pollution (first revision) at 26.67°C (m/m), more soluble in alcohol.
3 TERMINOLOGY 4.3 Chemical Properties
For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given 4.3.1 Reactivity
in IS 4155 and IS 4167 shall apply.
In aqueous solution it is weakly acidic in nature and
reacts vigorously with nitrogen halides, metal oxides.
4 PROPERTIES
sodium peroxide and oxidants.
4.1 General Information
4.4 Explosion Hazard
4.1.1 Common Names
At elevated temperature, it decomposes to its elements
Hydrogen sulphide, sulphureted hydrogen and and may cause bursting of container. Thermal
hydrosulpburic acid. decomposition is promoted by contact with metal like
platinum.
4.1.2 Chemical Name
Hydrogen sulphide. 4.5 Fire Hazard
4.1.3 Chemical Formula - HzS. 4.5.1 Hydrogen sulphide is a flammabJe gas and burns
in air with blue flame. It may cause fire and explosion
4.1.4 Molecular Weight - 34.08. when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizer. It emits highly
toxic fumes of oxides of sulphur in case of fire.
4.1.5 CAS No. - 7783·06-4.
Hydrogen sulphide gas is heavier than air and may
4.1.6 UN No. - 1053. travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and
flash back.
4.2 Physical Properties
4.5.2 Auto Ignition Temperature in Air - 260°C.
4.2. t Description
4.5.3 Flammable Limits in Air (Percent by Volume) at
Colourless flammable gas with a strong offensive 20oe:
odour of rotten eggs, It is heavier than air and settles
on the ground. a) Lower explosion limit (LEL) ; 4.3
IS 15200 : 2002
b) Upper explosive limit (VEL) 46 5.2.5 LCso (in hal-rat) - 444 ppm.
4.6 Corrosivity 5.2.6 Target Organs - Respiratory organs and eyes.
Hydrogen sulphide is a corrosive material. It attacks 6 PERSONAL PROTECTION
many metals, which results in the formation of
6.1 Wear impervious clothing to prevent the skin
sulphide. In presence of moisture and any oxidizing
contact from liquid hydrogen sulphide or from contact
material, it may form sulphuric acid and corrode the
containers. with vessels containing liquid hydrogen sulphide.
6.2 Wear splash-proof safety goggles to prevent any
5 HEALTH HAZARD
possibility of eye contact where liquid hydrogen
5.1 Hydrogen sulphide can affect the body if it is sulphide is handling.
inhaled or if comes in contact with the eyes, skin, nose
6.3 Employees should wash promptly when skin
or throat. It can also affect the body if it is swallowed.
becomes wet.
Inhalation of high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide
vapour may cause loss of consciousness and death. 6.4 Remove clothing immediately that becomes wet
Inhalation of lower concentrations may cause
with liquid hydrogen sulphide until the hydrogen
headache, dizziness and upset stomach. Exposure to
sulphide is evaporated.
hydrogen sulphide can cause temporary loss of the
sense of smell, and irritation of the eyes, nose or throat. 6.5 Respiratory protection is essential to prevent
The toxic effects of hydrogen sulphide can be inhalation of gas. Minimum respiratory protection
categorized as acute effects, sub-acute effects and required for concentration above 10 ppm are given in
chronic effects. Table 2.
The acute toxic effects of hydrogen sulphide in human 6.6 Respirators may be used for operations which
poisoning are summarized in Table I. require entry into tanks or closed vessels and in
emergency situation. The respirator used shall be
5.2 Toxicity
approved by the concerned authority.
5.2.1 Threshold Limit Value (TLV) - 10 ppm (15
6.7 Lead acetate paper should be carried along with
mg/m3) (ACGIH). portable hydrogen sulphide monitor for use where
5.2.2 Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL)- 15 ppm necessary.
for 15 min.
6.8 Amyl nitrite should be given to the victim for
5.2.3 Toxic Dose Level (TDL) - 0.004 7. inhalation by crushing the ampule in front of nostrils
of the victim.
5.2.4 Odour Threshold - 0.13 ppm (0.215 mglm3).
Table 1 Acute Toxic Efrects of Hydrogen Sulphide in Human
(Clause 5.1)
SI Concentration Duration ofE:rpolure Comment!
No. ofHS, ppm
1
15min >15 min-Ih >lh-4h >4-8h
(I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (1)
i) 10 Eye irritation Maximum tolerable
concentration for
prolonged exposure
ii) 50-100 Loss of olfactory Eye irritation Eye and bronchial Danger in case of Working condition
perception irritation continuous exposure necessitate
protective measures
iii) 150-250 Eye and bronchial Serious respiratory Serious respiratory
do do
irritation distress and asthenia distress and asthenia
iv) 300-400 Loss of olfactory Severe respiratory Pulmonary edema Pulmonary edema Risk of death if no
perception eye and distress acute asthenia and risk of death and risk of death appropriate
bronchial irritation measures taken
asthenia
v) 500-1000 Lossofconsciousness Riskofpulmonary
do
respiratory distress edema and death
vi) > I 000 Immediate loss of consciousness and respiratory distress
2
IS t 5200 : 2002
Table 2 Respiratory Protection for 7.4.2 The Rules and Regulations for transportation of
Hydrogen Sulphide hazardous chemicals shall be adhered to.
(Clause 6.5)
8 SPILLAGEILEAKAGE AND DISPOSAL
SI Condition Minimum Respiratory Ifhydrogen sulphide is spilled or leaked, the following
No. Protection Required steps should be taken:
Above 10 ppm
(I) (2) (3) a) Remove all ignition source;
i) L(uopw t oc o3n0c0e pnptrmat)i on Afunlly f ascuepppileiceed,- ahier lmreespt iorra thoor owd ith a b) Ventilate area of spill or leak to disperse gas~
ii) >300 ppm and escap Self-contained breathing c) If in the gaseous form, stop flow of gas. If
from unknow apparatus with a full facepiece source of leak is a cylinder and the leak
concentration operated in pressure demand or
cannot be stopped in place, remove the
other positive pressure mode
leaking cylinder to a safe place in the open
air, and repair the leak or allow the cylinders
7 STORAGEIHANDLING to empty; and
d) If in the liquid form, allow to vaporize.
7.1 Storage
7.1.1 Anhydrous hydrogen sulphide does not react 9 FIRE PROTECTION AND FIRE FIGHTING
with steel at ambient temperature. However, in aqueous
9.1 Stop flow of hydrogen sulphide gas.
medium, the hydrogen generated by reacting with iron
can diffuse in the metal causing blistering and 9.2 Carbon dioxide and alcohol foam type of
embrittlement. The degree of corrosion depends upon extinguisher should be used for fire fighting.
the quality of steel and is very limited with stainless
9.3 Fire fighting personnel should have the required
steel. Ferritic steel is much more sensitive to hydrogen
self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece
embrittlement than austenitic steel. Residual stress of
operated in pressure demand or other positive pressure
high strength steel for storing hydrogen sulphide is to
mode.
be relieved after welding otherwise it is likely to crack
under stress. 10 TRAINING AND HEALTH MONITORING
7.1.2 The use of copper and its alloys are to be
10.1 Training
prohibited.
10.1.1 Safety in handling depends to a great extent
7.1.3 Storage area should be well ventilated, and if
upon the effectiveness of employees education and
possible, equipped with a water cooling system in case
training.
of fire.
10.1.2 Employees should be familiar with its
7.1.4 Hydrogen sulphide should be stored separately
flammable and toxic properties.
front incompatible products (oxidizing agents,
inflammable materials, etc). 10.1.3 Continuous training and re-training should be
done in the safe handling procedures.
7.1.5 Area should be declared as 'NO SMOKING
AREA'. 10.2 Health Monitoring
7.2 Handling 10.2.1 During pre-employment medical check up,
examination of the eyes and lungs should be stressed.
Personal protective wears are to be used invariably
The following procedures should be made available
while handling hydrogen sulphide.
to each employee who is exposed to hydrogen su Iph ide
7.3 Labelling at potentially hazard levels:
All containers should bear an identifying label as per a) A complete history and physical examination
the provision of prevailing relevant regulations - The purpose is to detect pre-existing
indicating that the contents are highly flammable and conditions that might place the exposed
toxic. The label should also list the special risks and employee at increased risk and to establish a
include cautionary advices. baseline for future health monitoring.
b) Eye disease - Hydrogen sulphide is a severe
7.4 Transportation
eye irritant and may cause tissue damage.
7.4.1 Hydrogen sulphide is flammable and toxic. Its Those with pre-existing eye problems may
UN No. is 1053, UN hazard Class 2, 3 and 6. I. be at increased risk from exposure.
3
IS 15200 : 2002
'c) 14"-17" chest roentgenogram - Hydrogen 11.1.3 Contact lenses should not be used when working
sulphide may cause human lungs damage. with this chemical.
Surveillance of the lungs is indicated.
11.2 Skin Contact
d) FVC and FEV (1 Sec) - Hydrogen sulphide
is a respiratory irritant. Persons with impaired 11.2.1 If liquid hydrogen sulphide gets on the skin,
pulmol]ary function may be at increased risk immediately flush the contaminated skin with water.
from exposure. Peridic surveillance is
11.2.2 If it soaks through the clothing, immediately
indicated.
remove the clothing and flush the skin with water.
10.2.2 Periodical medical examination should be done
11.2.3 If irritation persists after washing, get medical
on annual basis for all the above mentioned criteria,
attention.
except that an X-ray is considered necessary only when
indicated by the results of pulmonary function testing.
11.3 Inhalation
or by signs and symptoms of respiratory diseases.
11.3.1 Ifa person breathes in large amount of hydrogen
11 FIRST AID sulphide move the exposed person to fresh air
immediately and administer oxygen if available.
11.1 Eye Contact
11.3.2 If breathing has stopped, give artificial
11. 1.1 If liquid hydrogen sulphide gets into the eyes
respiration.
immediately wash the eyes with large quantity of water
for at least 15 min, occasionally lifting the lower and 11.3.3 Keep the affected person warm but not hot and
upper lids. at rest.
11.1.2 Get medical attention immediately. 11.3.4 Get medical attention as soon as possible.
4
IS 15200 : 2002
ANNEXA
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Industrial Safety and Chemical Hazards Secitonal Committee, CHD 8
Organization &presentative(s)
National Safety Council, Mumbai SHRI K. C. GuPTA (Chaintttm)
Airports Authority ofIndia. New Delhi REPREsl:NrAllVE
Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, Mumbai SHIU P. K. GHosH
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai D5t. B. N. RA1lIl
Central Boiler Board, New Delhi R.mU:.serrAlM!
Century Rayon, Thane SHRI Ii G. UrrAMCHANDANl
SHRI S. K. MISHRA (Alternate)
Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai ~AlM!
Centra.l Mining Research Institute, Dhanbad Smu J. K. PA ND£Y
Central Warehousing Corporation, New Delhi ~AlM!
Confederation oflndian Industries. New Delhi RE:fREsE.NrAllVE
Department of Explosives, Nagpur REPREmrrAllVE
Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, New Delhi DRD.RCHAWLA
Development Commissioner (SSI), New Delhi RmtfsENrA11VE
Directorate General of Health Services, New Delhi Rmu:sENrA11VE
Directorate General Factory Advice Services and Labour Institutes, Mumbai DR A K. MAJuMDAR
SHRl S. P. RANA (Alternate)
Directorate oflndustrial Safety and Health (Factory Inspectorate), Mumbai R9'1tESENTAllVE
Directorate General ofM ines Safety, Dhanbad DlREcroR OF MINEs SAFElY (MSE)
DEPurY Duu!croR OF MINEs SAFETY (HQ) (Alternate)
Employees State Insurance Corporation, New Delhi REPREsENrA1lW
Excel Industries Limited, Mumbai SHRI VIPIHB. DosHI
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Bangalore RI:PRESENTAlIVE
Hindustan Lever Limited, Mumbai SHRI B. B. DAVE
SHRI ADrJyA JHAV AR (Altemate)
Indian Institute ofC hemical Technology, Hyderabad SHRI S. VENKA'ItlSWARARAo
Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association, Mumbai SHRlV.N.DAS
SHRI A. A. PANJWANl (Alternate)
Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited, Rishikesh REI'IUlSENTAllVE
Indian Petrochemical Corporation Limited, Vadodara SHRIP. VUAYRAGlAVAN
SHlU M. R. PATEL (Alternate I)
SHRI A. V. SARA.11fY (Alternate II)
Indian Space Research Organization, Sriharikota SHRI P. N. SANKAllAN
SHRI V. K. SRIVASTAVA (A/temale)
Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow DR VlRENDRA MIsRA
DR V. P. SHARMA (Alternate)
Ministry of Defence (DGQA), New Delhi SARI M. S. SULTANIA
SHRI SUJrr GHOSH (Alternate)
Ministry of Defence, Directorate of Standardization, New Delhi SARI P. S. AHuJA
LT-COL TEnNoER SINGH (Alternate)
Ministry of Defence (OFB), Kolkata DR O. S. S. GANGULY
Sinu R. SJlINIVASAN (Alternate)
(Continued on page 6)
5
IS t 5200 : 2002
(Continuedfrom page 5)
Organization Representalive(s)
Ministry of [)efence (R&D), Kanpur DR A. K. SAXENA
DR RA.nNottA SINGH (Alternate)
Ministry of Environment & Forest, New Delhi ~A11VE
National Institute ofO ccupational Health, Ahmedabad REPRFsIwr A11VE
National Organic Chemical Industries Limited, Thane DRB. V. BAPAT
SHIU V. R. NARLA (Alternate)
National Safety Council, Mumbai SHJU P. M. RAo
SHU D. Blc;,WAS (Alternate)
Oil Industry Safety Directorate, New Delhi Smu S. K. Clw<.JtAsAJrn
SHRJ V. K. SIUVA ST AVA (Alternate)
Safeiy Appliances Manufacturers' Association, Mumbai RmEsi:NTA11VE
Standing Fire Advisory Council, New Delhi REPREsENT AllVE
Steel Authority oflndia Limited, Ranchi REPREsENrA llVE
SIEL Chemical Complex. New Delhi ~AllVE
Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation Limited, Tuticorin SHIU V. JAYA RAMAN
SHRl S. MUlWGANANDAM (Alternate)
Tata A.IG Risk Management Services Limited, Mumbai SHIU URMISH D. SHAH
BIS Directorate General SHIU S. K. CHAUDHURI, Director & Head (CHD)
[Representing Director General (Ex-offiCio)]
Member Secretary
SHRIN. K. PAL
Director (CHD), BIS
6