IS 14458-3: Guidelines for retaining wall for hill area, Part 3: Construction of dry stone walls

11 Pages·1998·1.3 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 14458-3 (1998): Guidelines for retaining wall for hill
area, Part 3: Construction of dry stone walls [CED 56: Hill
Area Development Engineering]
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 14458 (Part 3) : 1998

Indian Standard
RETAINING WALL FOR HILL AREA -
GUIDELINES
PART 3 CONSTRUCTION OF DRY STONE WALLS
SCI 93.020

0 SIB 1998
BUREAU OF’ INDIAN STANDARDS
KANAM ,NAVAHB 9 RUDAHAB HAHS RAFAZ GRAM
WEN IHLED 110002
enuJ 1998 Price Group 3
lliH aerA tngmpoleveD gnireenignE lanoitceS ,eettimmoC CED 56
DROWEROF
sihT naidnI dradnatS (Part 3) was adopted yb the uaeruB of naidnI ,sdradnatS after the draft dezilanif yb
the lliH aerA tnempoleveD gnireenignE lanoitceS eettimmoC had neeb devorppa yb the liviC gnireenignE
noisiviD .licnuoC _~
gniniateR llaw si a erutcurts desu ot niater llifkcab dna niatniam ecnereffid ni the noitavele of the two
dnuorg .secafrus gniniateR llaw yam eb ylevitceffe dezilitu ot elkcat the melborp of edilsdnal ni llih area
yb gnizilibats the llif sepols dna tuc .sepols
morF the laitini noitcurtsnoc cost ,snoitar&isnoc eno ehtem of extra htdiw ni ,gnillif gniriuqer gniniater
,sllaw costs hcum erom naht gnitcurtsnoc the emas htdiw yb gnittuc edisni the .llih ylralimiS the cost
of a tsaerb llaw si lareves semit erom naht a dellaw-non tuc .epols ,revewoH gniredisnoc ecnanetniam
cost, evissergorp epols ytilibatsni dna latnemnorivne noitadaged morf ,wprotected yvaeh ,snoitavacxe the
esu of gniniater sllaw no llih roads dna terraces semoceb .laitnesse s&K‘ dradnats (Part 3) ,si therefore,
enieb detalumrof ot edivoru yrassecen ecanadiug ni noitcurtsnoc of yrd enots gniniater sllaw for ythibats
of llyh ,sepols the o&er parts of the code :gnieb
Part 1 noitceleS of epyt of llaw
,Part 2 ngiseD of tsawniniater ,LIaw
Part 4 noitcurtsnoC of dednab yrd enots sllaw
Part 5 noitcurtsnoC of tnemec enots sllaw
Part 6 noitcurtsnoC of noibag sllaw
Part 7 noitcurtsnoC of CCR birc sllaw
Part 8 noitcurtsnoC of rebmit birc sllaw

Part 9 ngiseD of CCR revelitnac desserttub/llaw epyt-L/sllaw sllaw
Part 10 ngiseD dna noitcurtsnoc of decrofnier earth gniniater sllaw
ehT tneserp ecitcarp ni suoirav tnemnrevoG stnemtraped si ot tcurtsnoc gniniater sllaw pu ot 4 m thgieh
ni modnar elbbur yrd enots .yrnosam gniniateR sllaw erom naht 4 m thgieh are detcurtsnoc rehtie ni emil
or tnemec ratrom yrnosam or ni yrd enots yrnosam slenap separated yb 0.6 m ediw derratrom yrnosam
srepeels dial 3 ot 4 m apart htob ni latnoziroh dna lacitrev ;snoitcerid ehT deificeps smron debircserp
yb the evitcepser stnemtraped yllausu do ton evig tneiciffus egathgiew ot the erutan dna seitreporp of the
lios or rock woleb the llaw esab dna at the kcab of the ,llaw or the. weather .snoitidnoc tI si yllamron
demussa that the derratrom yrnosam or sdnab evig tneiciffus htgnerts ot the llaw for added ytilibats dna
senifnoc lacol ,eruliaf fi .yna nI lautca ecitcarp ti has revewoh neeb devresbo‘ that a rebmun of yrd as
llew as dednab or ylluf derratrom sllaw do espalloc gnirud sniar tuohtiw gnireffo hcum ecnatsiser as hcus
these sllaw are desu ylno as a yraropmet .erusaem sihT part, ,itfereht sevig etinifed senilediug ot the
dleif sreenigne for noitcurtsnoc of yrd enots gniniater waHs. :‘..
yrD enots yrnosam gniniater sllaw yllareneg liaf eud ot noitcurtsnoc ylsso#,.fo etauqedani noitces of .sllaw
dooG noisivrepus ,si ,emfereht the yek ot retteb ytilauq of .noitcurtsnoc of yrd enots yrnosam .sllaw tcirtS
noisivrepus si laitnesse for regnol efil of these epyt of .sllaw tI blahs eb derusne that delliks ruobal si
desu ni noitcurtsnoc of yrd enots yrnosam .sllaw
.:
ehT noitisopmoc of lacinhcet eettimmoc elbisnopser for the noi$lumrof of siht dradnats si nevig at
xennA .A ;‘
.
_.
‘
‘,. ,.
:
SI 14458 (Part 3) : 1998
Indian Standard
GNINIATER LLAW ROF LLIH AERA -
SENILEDIUG
PART 3 CONSTRUCTION OF DRY STONE WALLS
1 SCOPE a yrd enots gniniater ,llaw no tnuocca of the :gniwollof
>a
ehT eulav of gnidnob lairetam or ratrom si
sihT dradnats (Part 3) slaed htiw the noitcurtsnoc
ylno morf the tniop of weiv of gnikam the
aspects of yrd enots gniniater .sllaw
llaw na largetni .tinu revewoH ti si ton derussa
ni the case of llih roads dna etis tnempoleved
2 REFERENCES
ni ;sllih eud ot kcal of ,noisivrepus -non
ytilibaliava of delliks ,ruobal reporpmi gnixim
ehT naidnI dradnatS SI 5791:3211 ‘Method of
of ,ratrom kcal of ,noitcurtsnoc-tsop ,gniruc
noitacifitnedi of larutan gnidliub senots tsrifC ’)noisiver
etc dna osla semitemos yticuap of water ni
niatnoc snoisivorp hcihw hguorht ecnerefer ni siht
the area.
text, etutitsnoc noisivorp of siht .dradnats tA the
emit of ,noitacilbup the noitide detacidni was .dilav b) ecniS htob sepyt of llaw are ton desoppus
llA sdradnats are tcejbus ot ,noisiver dna seitrap ot ot raeb yna ,noisnet the htgnerts of a yrd
stnemeerga desab no siht dradnats are degaruocne enots yrnosam llaw gnivah the emas noitces
ot etagitsevni the ytilibissop of gniylppa the tsom dna ralimis lios snoitidnoc as a derratrom~ylluf
tnecer noitide of the dradnats detacidni .evoba yrnosam ,llaw llahs eb .etauqeda ehT
evisserpmoc htgnerts of ylreporp packed yrd
3 LARENEG enots yrnosam si ylekil ot eb erom naht that
of noitadnuof lios no the llih .epols
3.1 A llih road yrnosam gniniater llaw si a ytivarg
cl roF gnidils at the ,esab tneiciffeoc of noitcirf
llaw hcihw llahs eb deredisnoc safe rednu the expected
neewteb the llaw esab dna the noitadnuof lios
snoitidnoc of ,gnidaol fi gniwollof snoitidnoc are
:deifsitas gnieb emas ni htob ,sepyt the ruoivahebm llahs
ton eb .tnereffid suhT there si on ralucitrap
ti llahs eb safe tsniaga ,gninrutrevo ytilitu of sdnab or ratrom dna the htgnerts
of a ylreporp detcurtsnoc yrd enots yrnosam
gniraehs stress llahs eb ssel naht gniraehs
gniniater llaw llahs eb etiuq .tneiciffus nO
htgnerts ,elbaliava dna
tnuocca of sti ,ytilibixelf a yrd enots yrnosam
the erusserp at the toe llahs niamer ssel naht gniniater llaw yam eb expected ot evaheb ’
the safe gniraeb yticapac of the noitadnuof retteb naht a ylluf derratrom yrnosam llaw

.lairetam rednu cimsies .snoitidnoc

4 yrD enots sllaw are ysae ot riaper nehw ti
tI yam ,eb ,revewoh demussa that there si etauqeda,
.sliaf
lanoitcirf dnob neewteb the enots sreyal morf face
ot kcab dna morf top ot esab so that the eritne noitces
3.4 ehT ngised fb yrd enots yrnosam gniniater llaw
of the gniniater llaw acts as eno .tinu sihT yam eb
llahs eb ni ecnadrocca htiw Part 2 of siht .dradnats
yrev ylisae deveihca yb gnisu senots of ralugnatcer
A elbatius retupmoc margorp yam eb desu for the
shape htiw tneiciffus palrevo no each other gnilbane
.ngised
proper .gnikcolretni ehT top htdiw of the gniniater
llaw llahs eb nekat as 600 .mm
4 LAIRETAM
3.2 ehT ytilibats of the gniniater llaw ylniam sdneped
,enotS the niam lairetam deriuqer for the noitcurtsnoc
nopu the elbrr_wolla gniraeb erusserp of the ,noitadnuof
of yrd enots yrnosam gniniater ,llaw si elbaliava ni
ylralucitrap rednu the toe as evisserpmoc htgnerts of
egral ytitnauq ni .sllih oT tceles dna ezilitu meht
ylreporp detcurtsnoc yrnosam noitces si yllausu
for rieht yrotcafsitas ,ecnamrofrep ti llahs eb yrassecen
.etauqeda gnidilS at the esab sdneped no the
ot wonk the suoirav seitreporp hcihw nac eb
tneiciffeoc of noitcirf neewteb the llaw esab dna the
denimreted gnidrocca ot tnaveler naidnI .sdradnatS
noitadnuof .lios ehT latot earth erusserp evoba yna
ehT htgnerts of rocks sdneped no sti larenim
level gnola the thgieh of the gniniater llaw secuder
stneutitsnoc hcihw mrof the sisab of noitacifissalc
yllacilobarap morf esab ,drawpu whereas the llaw
dna noitacifitnedi of rocks. noitacifitnedI of senots
ssenkciht secuder .ylraenil eroferehT ni tsom cases
yam, eb enod ni ecnadrocca htiw SI 1123.
the lacitirc noitces ni the llaw si at the .esab
5 ESAB EPOLS
3.3 tI tonnac eb asserted htiw yna degree of ytniatrec
that ylluf derratrom yrnosam llaw or a dellenap
nA drawni epols sedivorp good gniyek of the llaw
yrnosam llaw llahs evig a retteb ecnamrofrep naht
IS 14458 (Part 3) : 1998
ni the llih face dna osla secuder the toe ,erusserp ssenkciht hcihw llahs eb edam as suoivrepmi as
sediseb yltaerg gnisaercni the gnidils htgnerts of the elbissop ot eziminim ssergni of water morf top .ecafrus
llaw at .esab ,eroferehT the esab llahs ylbareferp
eb at thgir selgna ot the face of the .llaw A muminim 8 EGANIARD
drawni epols of 1 )lacitreV( ni 6 )latnoziroH( llahs
eb dedivorp dna ti llahs ton eb erom naht 1 )lacitreV( 8.1 ehT yrd enots yrnosam gniniater sllaw evah the
ni 3 .)latnoziroH( Base epols si yrev evitceffe ni egatnavda that the yrnosam sniamer etiuq elbaemrep
cimsies ytilibats of .sllaw ot the wolf of water dna erusserp yllamron does ton
dliub .pu ,revewoH tneiciffe eganiard metsys evoba
6 ENOTS KROW the top of the gniniater llaw si tsom .laitnesse ehT
top reyal of llifkcab llahs eb dial at a proper rebmac
6.1 hguoR talf senots llahs eb preferred as yeht evig dna redluohs .epols ehT water gniwolf ni the llih
retteb tcatnoc dna noitcirf at .stnioj erehT llahs eb edis niard llahs eb deniard off hguorht sreppucs of
on gnipmud of .senots senotS llahs eb decalp llew etairporppa ngised at raluger .slavretni ehT gniniater
dekcolretni at esolc ytimixorp htiw each other. eziS llaw top llahs eb kept ylthgils rewol naht the redluohs
of senots woleb 225 mm x 100 mm x 75 mm htiw( gnipols drawtuo so that water snur revo the llaw
ssam of tuoba 5 kg) llahs ton eb .desu ehT mumixam daetsni of gnipees otni the .llifkcab roF etis
ezis of enots llahs eb 600 mm 200 mm 300 mm ,tnempoleved a 300 mm kciht suoivrepmi lios reyal
x x
htiw ssam of tuoba 45 kg. ehT tsegral ,noisnemid ylreporp( )detcapmoc htiw sredluob llahs eb dial evoba
that .si the htgnel llahs eb decalp across the htgnel the top ecafrus dna llifkcab ot tneverp ssergni of niard
of the gniniater llaw for mumixam ytilibats as htiw water. lacipyT sketch gniwohs tseb gniniater llaw
siht tnemegnarra the llaw face lliw ton ylisae separate htiw good gnillif si nwohs ni .giF .)d(l
morf the .gnitraeh tI llahs tluser ni greater ytinu
8.2 detavacxE lairetam morf noitadnuof fi depmud
dna gnikcolretni gnoma the senots decalp dnuora .ti
yb the edis of the toe stcurtsbo .eganiard tI tsum eb
depols nwod woleb the top level of the toe .noitcejorp
6.2 nI yrd enots yrnosam ti llahs eb yrassecen ot
spread nekorb enots ,tsud enots ,spihc lios yllevarg(
9 EOT NOITCETORP
or ydnas )slios dna lios ,serutxim after gnicalp each
reyal of senots ot llif the .sdiov gnilliF of sdiov ehT water gnimoc tuo at hgih yticolev morf top of
tneverp gnillif of seitivac yb dum hcihw si suoirujni gniniater llaw nac esuac lios noisore at the toe dna
ot the llaw as ti sekam ti suoivrepmi ot the wolf of neve woleb ti yb kcab noisore of soft rock or .elahs
water. eniF deniarg slios dna htooms revir elgnihs eoT noitcetorp llahs syawla eb dedivorp ylralucitrap
llahs ton cb desu as these yam etacirbul the tnioj ni sllaw gnivah thgieh erom naht 3 m except where
gnisaerced the lanoitcirf .ecnatsiser ylnO coarse the toe rests no hard elbadore-non rock.
ralugna selcitrap llahs eb edam esu of. fI elbaliava
ni the ,ytiniciv water yam osla eb delknirps ot netsiom
10 RCC BONDING ELEMENT
the rellif .lairetam emoS gnimmar llahs osla eb
preferred. sihT spleh ni gnidaerps the daol of the nI rekciht llaw snoitces dna llat gniniater ,sllaw yas
’ gniylrevo senots erom ylneve dna gnisaercni the greater naht 3 ,m laiceps ylud staggered gnidnob
thgiew of the llaw dna ni nrut sesaercni the htgnerts stnemele hguorht the ,yrnosam gniog morf earth face

of the wall. .giF 1 (a), .giF 1 )b( dna .giF 1 (c) tneserper of the llaw ot sti tnorf face at raluger gnicaps gnola

dab noitcurtsnoc secitcarp elbail ot egamad or esuac the htgnel dna ,thgieh llahs eb .desu ehT gnidnob
eruliaf of llaw dna llahs eb .dediova stnemele llahs eb spaced at 1 m lavretni gnola the
htgnel of the .llaw esehT stnemele yam tsisnoc of
7 TNEMECALP FO LLIFKCAB htiw gnippalrevo dnob senots rossics( dnob ,)senots
nedoow seillab or soobmab tub gniredisnoc the
No gnipmud of senots llahs eb .enod ehT llifkcab ytilibarud these yam tsisnoc of decrofnier etercnoc
llahs ylbareferp eb enod yb dnah gnikcap ot eveihca rebmem of erauqs noitces-ssorc of 75 mm x 75 mm
the mumixam elgna of lanretni .noitcirf ehT htdiw or 100 mm x 100 mm dna gnivah a htgnel lauqe
of llifkcab llahs eb at tsael 500 .mm ehT llifkcab ot the ssenkciht of the llaw sulp 150 mm so that
lairetam llahs eb evisehoc-non dna as free gniniard ti yam tcejorp tuo of llaw yb 75 mm no htob sedis
as elbissop except the top reyal of 300 ot 500 mm for ysae gnikcehc as nwohs ni .giF 2.
2
IS 14458 (Part 3) : 1998
ONLY FACE
STONES ARE
WELL PLACED
REST IS
STONE LAYERS
SLOPtNG OUTWARDS
!JENSE SOIL
\ TOP IN SHOULDER / FIL_L_I NG ^^..^.. IN 03m
SLOPE I
TONE
GOtiD HAND PACKED
STONE FILLING IN
STEPPED FACE
PR&URE
WALL
GOOD
MASONRY
PITCHING
16) 1 (d)
GNINIATER WALL OF YREV LLAMS STRENGTH l(b) GNINIATER WALL OF POOR STRENGTH
GOOD GNINIATER WALL BUT ELBATSNU GNILLIF l(d) BEST GNINIATER WALL WITH GOOD GNILLIF
FIG. 1 LACIPYT CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR DRY STONE MASONRY WALL

75 OR100
l---- b+150mm -4 75 OR 100mm
FIG. 2 RCC BONDING ELEMENTS

3
IS 14458 (Part 3) : 1998
ANNEX A
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
lliH aerA tnempoleveD gnireenignE lanoitceS ,eettimmoC CED 56
Representing
DR GWAL RANJAN ytisrevinU fo ,eekrooR eekrooR
SHRI SHEIKII NAZIR ANMED cilbuP skroW ,tnemtrapeD ummaJ & rimhsaK
PROF A K. CflAKRABORTY naidnI etutitsnI fo etomeR ,gnisneS arheD nuD
SW R. C. LAKHERA (Alrernufe)
CHAIR~~AN-CUM~MANAGINGD IRECTOR lanoitaN sgnidliuB noitcurtsnoC ,noitaroproC weN ihleD
91~1 B. B. KUMAR (Altern&)
CHIEF ENGINEER (DAM DESIGN) rattU hsedarP noitagirrI ngiseD ,noitazinagrO eekrooR
SupToc; ENGINEER (TEHRI DAM
DESIGN CIRVLE) (Alternclte)
CHIEF EN(;INEER (ROADS) yrtsiniM fo ecafruS ,tropsnarT weN ihleD
S[lrrr)n ENGINEER (R~~~~)(Altern&e)
DEWTY DIRwI‘oR GENERAL (D&S DTE, DGBR) naidnI sdaoR ,ssergnoC weN ihleD
DI:PUTY SECRETARY (T), IRC (Alrernnte)
DIRWTC)R, HCD (N&W) lartneC retaW ,noissimmoC weN ihleD
DIREVTOR (SARDAR SAROVAR)(A~~WW~)
DR Ii. K. DIJR~Y naidnI lacigoloroeteM ,tnemtrapeD weN ihleD
DR 1). S. UI’ADfIYAY (Alferncffe)
SHRI PAWAN K~MAR GI_IPTA yteicoS rof detargetnI tnempoleveD fo ,sayalamiH eiroossuM
FIELU COORDINATOR( A~femafe)
StIRI T. N. GljPTA gnidliuB slairetaM dna ygolonhceT noitomorP ,licnuoC weN ihleD
SIIRI J. SENGUPTA (Alferncde)
SHRI M. M. HARBOLA tseroF yevruS fo ,aidnI arheD nuD
SI-IRI P. K. PATHAK (Alfernctfe)
DR U. C. KALI~A lanoigeR hcraeseR ,yrotarobaL tahroJ
SHRI B. C. BORTHAKUR (Alfermfe)
SHRIS . KAIJI. yrtsiniM~ fo ,syawliaR weN ihleD
SHRI KIREET KUMAR .B.G tnaP etutitsnI fo nayalamiH tnemnorivnE dna ,tnempoleveD awmlA
&OF A. k. MalTRA loohcS fo gninnalP dna ,erutcetihcrA weN ihleD
PROF ARVIND KRISHAN (Alferncree-)
DR G. S. MEHKOTRA lartneC gnidliuB hcraeseR ,etutitsnI eekrooR
SHRI N. C. BHA~AT (Alfrrnufe)
SHRI .P .L NARULA lacigoloeG yevruS fo ,aidnI attuclaC
SHKI S. DASGUPTA (Alfernufe)
SHRIMATI M. PARTHASARATHY sfeihC-&reenignE ,hcnarB ymrA ,sretrauqdaeH weN ihleD
SHRI N K.. BALI (Alferntrfe)
SILFU .P.D PRADI-~AN mikkiS lliH aerA tnempoleveD ,draoB kotgnaG
SHRI P. JAGANNATVA RAO lartneC daoR hcraeseR ,etutitsnI weN ihleD
SHRI D. S. TOLIA (Alfermfe)
(Continued on page S)

4
IS 14458 (Part 3) : 1998
febtrreM .r Representing
DR .K .S OAR IIT, weN ihleD
RD INAWAHIB ytisrevinU fo ,eekrooR eekrooR
SINGH
RD .P .C NIAJ (Altmrure)
IRHS POOHB itcNlS tnemaapeD fo ecneicS dna ,ygolonhceT weN ihleD
etarotceriD lareneG redroB sdaoR (D&S), weN ihleD
SHRI RAMAN SIN(ilf
IRHS .J ANHSIRKALAPOG )&retsA(
.R II. SIN(IH lanoitaN etutitsnI fo ,ygolordyH eekrooR
SHRI
RD SLJMIIK KVMAR (Altumfe)
FORP .C .’1 SINIIA nretsaE-htroN lanoigeR etutitsnI fo retaW dna dnaL ,tnemeganaM massA
K.1I
SHRI SING13 (,d/ter~trlc)
RIBHKAL ALHKNOS cilbuP skroW ,tnemtrapeD almiS
SIW SINCH
IRHS .A .K INOS lartneC gniniM hcraeseR ,etutitsnI dabnahD
RD .P larutcurtS gnireenignE hcraeseR ,ertneC iannehC
SRINIVASIJLU
.N NANIISIKKALAPOG )?tqnretlA(
SHRI
ROYEVRUS FO SKROW (NZ) lartneC cilbuP skroW ,tnemtrapeD weN ihleD
SWDRINTFNLXNG
ROYEVRJLS FO SKRI~W - I (NZ) (Alteuute)
gnisuoH dna nabrU tnempoleveD noitaroproC ,)OCDUH( weN ihleD
IRHS .S .C IRAWIT .P.U lliH aerA tnempoleveD ,draoB wonkcuL
IRHS .Y MALAII‘(ATXKNEV lartneC lioS dna lairetaM hcraeseR ,noitatS weN ihleD
SIIRI .S .K RABBAB (Alterma)
.S.N IHJIRIV aidaW etutitsnI fo nayalamiH ,ygoloeG arheD nuD
DR
SIIRI VINOI) ,RAMUK rotceriD ,lareneG SIB (Ex-otficio Member)
rotceriD (CIV )ggnF

Member-Secretctry
SHRI .B.T NANAYARAN
tnioJ rotceriD viC( ,)ggnE SIB
5